For a theoretical physics perspective on the iterative process of forming more and better theories in terms of our understanding as well as with respect to our modern interpretation of this process and the resulting knowledge (with particular attention to the "effective" aspect of theories...
This is (simplistically) because every electron is an excitation of the same quantum field. That's why it is a lot more difficult to understand how every electron is identical with just quantum mechanics, even advanced quantum mechanics: at a fundamental level, that all electrons are identical...
For HGT data in particular you can always check out HGTree.
Here's an open access article on the database:
HGTree: database of horizontally transferred genes determined by tree reconciliation
So all you require is that we understand everything...with perfect predictive power...
I wonder what journals, conferences, proceedings, seminars, etc. ,you are basing your conceptions of "Look and See Science" (whatever that is) on. My guess is that this:
indicates that your principle source...
And yet much of the fundamental work today in e.g. particle physics, cosmology, chemistry, and modern physics more generally relies foundationally on mathematical structures and a corresponding view of the mathematical formulations of the laws of nature that was inherited from religion and...
We have to simplify models of sandpiles and similar media under the influence of wind and/or water in order to make them simple enough for the "complexities" of systems of celestial bodies. We can't simplify most of the phenomena we experience daily enough to make them simple enough to apply to...
I can't comment generally on the possibilities for scientific explanations of psychic phenomena or parapsychology, as that would be too far afield. What I can say is that you would probably be best served if, whenever you come across references to this or that dimension or dimensions in physics...
Either
1) The string theorists are correct, and our universe really does have 10 or 11 dimensions, in which case human physiology will be what it always was (hence compactification).
2) The string theorists are wrong, in which case the whole question is moot.
These exhaust the possibilities. The...
I was addressing the claim that the universe is some how chaotic because of things like asteroid collisions and so forth and thus somehow also chaotic in a manner that we don't find on human scales. We do. We're enveloped by massive numbers of higher energy collisions in the most complex...
It isn't. First, just as an aside, Euclidean 4-space is a 4-vector space just as any 4D vector space would be. What makes Minkowski space different even when in 2D or 3D is how vectors transform and the geometry of the space (which is non-Euclidean). More importantly, Minkowski space is affine...
If the string theorists are correct about anything or have anything other than some mathematical results, then if what they are correct about includes the necessity of extra-dimensions (which basically all the various incarnations of so-called string theory require), then human physiology will...
You can't apply laws which are intended for idealized isolated systems to the universe, which is neither closed nor isolated in the sense used in thermodynamics and physics more generally (no matter what popular science/pseudoscience sources say on the matter). Also, note that these conservation...
Not really. You're coarse graining either way, it's just a matter of feature selection and atomicity. But more relevantly, my point was that the only reason we don't experience things like the "chaos" of celestial bodies smashing into one another on earth is because, well...it's earth. There's...
Whenever anyone asserts that the universe is in some sense mathematical (especially if they are regurgitating or supporting Tegmark's extreme view) I am reminded of what one of the founders of QED said of his own theory, which is touted not only as the foundations upon which modern particle...
On a human scale, every time you boil water you cause such a large number of collisions among bodies (molecules of liquid and air) that on a universal scale it would be like all the planetary bodies in several galaxies smashing into one another over and over again. Collisions in space are not...
Which protection? That I don't want to be confused by biologists or to confuse them by speaking about the evolution of the state of physical systems (after all, there is already enough confusion between terms common to both evolutionary biology and areas of machine learning which borrow...
This is one manner in which attempts to generalize ideas from evolutionary biology without proper care do not lead to a greater understanding of either evolutionary theory or of other processes in nature (or in simulation, A.I., computer science, etc.). Evolutionary processes lack...
I'm going to drastically oversimplify, which I hate:
Forces in physics mediate interactions. In most cases forces are simply useful ways to look a specific kinds of interactions among/between bodies or particles or what have you that are not "fundamental" in the sense that they emerge from more...