Thanks, for the reply. It is good to see what it is that is being discussed to keep from arguing back and forth. I think I see where you are coming from. The element maltotoxin is a complicated bond of multiple elements into a long chained molecule, whereas DNA is made of simpler bonds of repeating nucleotides in your posted diagram.
However, in my mind I feel that the DNA molecule is more complex. Even though, the repeating nucleotides are somewhat simple they form a very long and complicated chain. This chain also contains many other parts and a language all of its own.
Also, in my definition (sorry it does not seem I am good with definitions) a complex is defined as containing similar or different parts within the same structure. Like a single house is just a house, a housing development can be a housing complex. As DNA is made up of a chain of nucleotides I would think that that makes it complex in my interpretation.
I am going to end this here as I do not see how this makes any difference (whether DNA is simple or complex) except to make someone upset. I don't know as anyone will change their mind, and even if they did what would it prove.
Well, part of the problem is defining what it means to be 'complex'. Certainly the maitotoxin molecule is more complex than a urea molecule, which is more complex than a water molecule. So the question is where DNA fits into this and why.
Well, there *is* a workable definition of complexity that could apply in this discussion. The basic idea is to ask how long the shortest description would have to be to print out the structure of the molecule, say which bonds happen between which atoms. In this, the description of water is trivial. That or urea is definitely more involved and that of maitotoxin is substantially more involved than that.
But let's get into specifics. In maitotoxin, there are several different 6 and 8 ringed sugars linked together with occasional methylation and separated by short carbon chains. Where there are a lot of 6 ringed systems, they are mostly the same basic structure, repeated. The 8 ring structures are less common, there are repeats, and a variant with a hydroxy group off one side. Repeats have the effect of moderating the increase of complexity. Instead of having to detail where each molecule is, we can say 'just take that subunit and put it here'. So large numbers of repeats don't add significantly to the overall complexity of a molecule. The result is that maitotoxin is a moderately sized molecule and is moderately complex according to this definition.
When we compare the DNA, part of the question is what length of DNA do we compare to? Do we compare to a length of DNA of comparable size to the maitotoxin molecule? Or do we compare to a sequence that would encode a typical protein in a cell?
DNA consists of 4 basic subunits, with the two strands of the DNA always paired off. So the description of the whole molecule can consist of the description of one strand with the note that the other strand has to match. This automatically cuts overall complexity. Next, unlike the maitotoxin, the units in DNA are always connected in exactly the same way.. This also reduces overall complexity. This means that most of the complexity in DNA is in the sequence of units, not in the units themselves.
Now, a typical end-piece for DNA consisting of Adenosine strings, AAAAAAA, is easy to describe and has low complexity. So most of the complexity of the DNA will be in the coding areas or the areas that bind to regulatory molecules. These are where the 'information' resides. But even in most coding sections, as long as you stay away from the 'core' pieces of the resulting protein, the actual sequences are not tightly constrained, are often repeated, and so carry low complexity.
Finally, we do have to deal with the fact that DNA can also be methylated as a regulatory process. This means that the DNA strand can, itself, change over time due to the environment in ways that the maitotoxin will not. This *increases* the complexity of the DNA, although the number of methylation sites tend to be low and so the overall complexity isn't added to by much.
So, I have not done a detailed calculation, but it looks to me that a DNA strand for a largish protein would be of comparable complexity to the maitotoxin molecule. This is especially true if the protein has several subunits coded separately (which is common) and regulatory zones, as well as principle active sites (which is also common). Both molecules have fairly simple basic units, but the arrangement in maitotoxin is more complex while the sequencing contains more complexity for the DNA.
TL;DR: Maitotoxin is moderately complex and corresponds to the complexity of a DNA strand corresponding to a largish protein. Approximately.