he 15% rate claimed is BS. A business only needs to make sure that their waiters report 8% of gross sales as tips:
Ok, I was wrong. It's only 12%.
My partner manages a restaurant here in southern Indiana. Here's what he told me this afternoon, because I asked for specifics.
At the restaurant he works for:
He doesn't remember the legal minimum wage because it doesn't matter. You can't get a functioning employee for less than $9/hr, so that's the starting wage. We think legal minimum wage is $7.50 or $7.85.
This is an establishment that doesn't care about drug screening, literacy, or citizenship. If you don't have a felony on your USA record you're good.
But, the minimum wage for wait staff is $2.13/hr. That's what they pay anybody who gets tips. Doesn't matter how good or how long you've been there. $2.13/ hr. They have trouble filling third shift, but overall not much. Promise good help better shifts, and give it to them when it works for everyone. The best ones stay and make a ton of money during busy times. But there is a lot of turnover. Really good ones go to more lucrative restaurants, bad ones quit.
A server clocking out must declare a minimum of 12% of total tickets or the machine won't give them anything of their credit card Tips. And the restaurant withholds taxes on everything, including the 2.13. The employees can deal with IRS however they want. He doesn't know how anybody does it, because he doesn't and it isn't his job. And when the 2.13 isn't enough to cover withholding the employee must make up the difference before the next shift or s/he can't clock in. That doesn't really happen often, given that the wait staff don't make that much and usually don't have large withholding amounts.
Tom