What would you, as a Jew of that time, have understood Jesus to mean by,
- This good news?
- All the inhabited earth?
- All the nations?
- The end will come?
. . .
Let’s look at that list again.
It will be easier to figure it out if we start from the bottom and work upwards.
So the fourth item was: “And then the end will come.”
What end could he be referring to? He only mentions one end. The word is in the singular. They had just asked him for a sign so they would know when the end of the city with its temple would come. They would naturally assume that was the end he was speaking of. But for that to make sense, the good news would have had to be preached in all the inhabited earth, and to all the nations, and that didn’t happen in the first century. Or did it? Let’s not go jumping to any conclusions.
Moving to the third point: What would they have understood Jesus meant when referring to “all the nations”? Would they have thought, “Oh, the good news will be preached in China, India, Australia, Argentina, Canada, and Mexico?
The word he uses is
ethnos, from which we get the English word, “ethnic”
.
Strong’s Concordance gives us:
Definition: a race, a nation, the nations (as distinct from Israel)
Usage: a race, people, nation; the nations, heathen world, Gentiles.
So, when used in the plural, “nations”,
ethnos, refers to the Gentiles, the pagan world outside of Judaism.
This is how the word is used throughout the Christian Scriptures. For example, in
Matthew 10:5 we read, “These 12 Jesus sent out, giving them these instructions: “Do not go off into the road of the nations, and do not enter any Samaritan city;” (
Mt 10:5)
The New World translation uses “nations” here, but most other versions render this as “Gentiles”. To the Jew,
ethnos meant non-Jews, gentiles.
What about the second element of his statement: “all the inhabited earth”?
The word in Greek is
oikoumené. (ee-ku-me-nee)
Strong’s Concordance explains its usage as “(properly: the land that is being inhabited, the land in a state of habitation), the inhabited world, that is, the Roman world, for all outside it was regarded as of no account.”
HELPS Word-studies explains it this way:
3625 (oikouménē) literally means “the inhabited (land).” It was “originally used by the Greeks to denote the land inhabited by themselves, in contrast with barbarian countries; afterward, when the Greeks became subject to the Romans, ‘the entire Roman world;’ still later, for ‘the whole inhabited world’ “.
Given this information, we could paraphrase Jesus’ words to read, “and this good news of the kingdom will be preached throughout the known world (the Roman Empire) to all the Gentiles before Jerusalem is destroyed.”
Did that happen? In 62 C.E., just four years before the first siege of Jerusalem and while he was imprisoned in Rome, Paul wrote to the Colossians speaking about “…the hope of that good news which YOU heard, and which was preached in all creation that is under heaven.” (
Col 1:23)
By that year, Christians had not reached India, or China, or the indigenous peoples of the Americas. Yet, Paul’s words are truthful within the context of the then known Roman world.
So, there you have it.
The good news of the kingdom of the Christ was preached throughout the Roman world to all the Gentiles before the Jewish system of things came to its end.