Dimi95
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Salam
Per Quran, God uses the same word for when people dream. And then he returns the ones who he didn't write death for. Sometimes it's used for death but in the expression as in God takes his soul up.
Q 39:42
"God takes the souls at the time of their death; and in their sleep those that have not died."
The ambiguity however is removed completely in the verse after. All three verses together make it very clear Isa (a) is alive and won't die without all people of the book believing in him.
Sleep is considered a form of death in Islamic theology,i understand that.
But you have mistaken me with a random Christian.
According to Islam, God can take your soul without you being killed. Therefore, it is plausible that the Quran is saying that God took Jesus' soul when he slept from exhaustion on the cross, and so Jesus' soul was taken without him being killed.
So let's start with:
'but so it was made to appear to them'
What does it mean that someone only appears to be dead?
How does the rest of the Quran understand this idea?
Consider these verses:
Do not say of those who are killed in the way of God, 'dead'. No, They are living, but you do not perceive that. (Quran 2:154)
Do not reckon those who were killed in God’s way as dead: No! They are alive with their Lord. (Quran 3:169)
These verses are referring to the martyrs of Islam who have died for the cause of Allah. Notice what is said about them: they are not dead, though it appears they are, instead they are alive. The Quran claims to reveal the unseen reality of the martyr. To the unbeliever, the martyrs appear dead, but to the believer they are alive. Believers and unbelievers see the events of this world differently. Therefore, Muslims are not allowed to speak of the martyrs as dead. They are 'living' even though it appears they are dead.
Sayyid Qutb explains this.
"To all intents and purposes, those people [the martyrs] may very well appear lifeless, but life and death are not judged by superficial physical means alone ... According to Islamic tradition, people who are killed “for the cause of God” are not washed or prepared for burial in the conventional way, but buried in the clothes they happen to be wearing, because they are considered clean and pure, and because in reality they are not dead ... But who are the living martyrs? They are those killed in God’s cause, and in God’s cause alone.
The Quran’s description of the crucifixion seems to be describing Jesus this way.
So let's go further
"and those who differ about this are full of doubts, with no knowledge, but only assumption to follow, for of certainty they killed him not." (Quran 4:157)
What does it mean to be full of doubts, with no knowledge but only assumption to follow? This idea is spoken of many times in the Quran.
The Quran sees itself as the source of true knowledge because it reveals the seen and the unseen.
[Allah is] Knower of the unseen and the witnessed. (Quran 13:9)
Those who reject the Quran reject this knowledge. They only see the appearance of things, and do not know the unseen realities. They follow what they assume to be true. Therefore, when the Quran is describing the crucifixion it is claiming to reveal the unseen realities of what happened to Jesus, not the things that only appeared to happen.
And the last is,
Rather, God raised him to himself. (Quran 4:158)
The verses finish with God raising Jesus to himself. In what sense was Jesus raised to God? We see a similar idea spoken of elsewhere in the Quran.
If you are killed or die in God’s way, pardon and mercy from God are better than what they collect. If you die or are killed, you will be gathered up to God. (Quran 3:157-158)
Do not reckon those who were killed in God’s way as dead: No! [They are] alive with their Lord. (Quran 3:169)
That is, the souls of the martyrs are immediately taken up to be with God in paradise. This is the unseen reality. Verse 4:158 does not say that Jesus’ body was taken, but simply that he was raised up to be with God. According to the Quran, this is what happens to the soul of a martyr. God gives martyrs special treatment, and Jesus seems to be an example of this.
In summary, we have seen that verses 4:157-158 do not say, 'Jesus did not die', instead they say that it appeared to the unbelievers that they killed and crucified Jesus but they did not. The verses also do not say that God raised Jesus physically to himself. To understand the verses we looked at where the Quran teaches similar ideas and saw that God taking Jesus’ soul in sleep, or Jesus being a martyr, are both plausible explanations.
But are these explanations confirmed by the other verses in the Quran which speak about the crucifixion?
What do you think?
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