Ever hear of the Drake Equation?
The
Drake equation is a
probabilistic argument used to arrive at an estimate of the number of active, communicative
extraterrestrial civilizations in the
Milky Way galaxy. The number of such civilizations, N, is assumed to be equal to the mathematical product of
- R∗, the average rate of star formation, in our galaxy,
- fp, the fraction of formed stars, that have planets,
- ne for stars that have planets, the average number of planets that can potentially support life,
- fl, the fraction of those planets, that actually develop life,
- fi, the fraction of planets bearing life on which intelligent, civilized life, has developed,
- fc, the fraction of these civilizations that have developed communications, i.e., technologies that release detectable signs into space, and
- L, the length of time, over which such civilizations release detectable signals,
for a combined expression of:
N = R ∗ ⋅ f p ⋅ n e ⋅ f l ⋅ f i ⋅ f c ⋅ L {\displaystyle N=R_{*}\cdot f_{\mathrm {p} }\cdot n_{\mathrm {e} }\cdot f_{\mathrm {l} }\cdot f_{\mathrm {i} }\cdot f_{\mathrm {c} }\cdot L}
Source: Wikipedia
Of course the answer (N) depends on the figures one plugs into each factor. One example given in the Wikipedia article comes up with N = 156,000,000. There are 156 million active, communicative extraterrestrial civilizations in the Milky Way galaxy.
.