I will suggest that ‘Father’ means exactly what it sounds like and how we use it today, taking all things in their relevant context:
- ‘He who brings something into being’
- ‘He who gives life to something’
- ‘He who is the head of a grouping (of like or unlike entities)
We know that God, the Father: Yahweh, is the CREATOR (1.):
- “In the beginning GOD CREATED the heavens and the earth...” (Gen 1:1)
It was GOD who GAVE LIFE by the spirit to all of living creation:
- “Then the LORD God formed a man from the dust of the ground and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life, and the man became a LIVING being.” (Gen 2:7)
- “But I want you to realize that the head of every man is Christ, and the head of the woman is man, and the HEAD of Christ is God.” (1 Cor 11:3)
And, by the above, a SON is:
- ‘One who perfectly carries out the work the FATHER gives him to do’
- He is an IMAGE of his ‘Father’ (He reflects, exactly, the personality and righteous properties of the Father)
- A ‘Son in Spirit’ is an adopted ‘Son’ and not a direct procreation of the ‘Father’
- A ‘Son in the flesh’ is a direct procreation through a wife (ideally!)
- A faithful, dutiful, and honored Son (of any sort) is HEIR to the Father
Jesus Christ is ‘Son of God’ (3.) by adoption:
- “In the same way, Christ did not take on himself the glory of becoming a high priest. But God said to him, "You are my Son; today I have become your Father." (Hebrews 5:5)
Luke 3:38 states that the first man, Adam, was ‘SON OF GOD’. This is evidently relating to the time before Adam sinned. Clearly, since Adam was CREATED sinless, Holy, and Righteous, - Image of God (2.), he would have been a true ‘Son in spirit’ (3.) to almighty God: the Father.
Jesus is ‘Son’ by duty (1.).
- “what about the one whom the Father set apart as his very own and sent into the world? Why then do you accuse me of blasphemy because I said, 'I am God's Son'? Do not believe me unless I do the works of my Father. But if I do them, even though you do not believe me, believe the works, that you may know and understand that the Father is in me, and I in the Father." (John 10:36-38)
In these verse (and prior) Jesus, whom the Jews accuse of ‘calling himself GOD’ (clearly errant and sounds ridiculous in light of...) Jesus
ASSERTS that saying that God is his Father
did not make him GOD also (I know Trinitarians argue the opposite but it is what JESUS HIMSELF SAID!) In fact, he had said only that he was ‘The Son of God’... (implied) and since God is his FATHER ...and GOD is SPIRIT... there should be no doubt he meant ‘Son in Spirit’ (3.). But, moreover, Jesus DEFINED what it is to be ‘Son’ saying that he was ‘Doing the works of the Father’... Clearly, whether ‘Son in Spirit’ (3.) or ‘Son in Flesh’ (4.), doing the perfect works perfectly of HIM who set the works for you, is a being a ‘SON’, reflecting the ideals of the Father.
He was born, Son of a woman, FATHERED by the Holy Spirit OF THE FATHER, sinless, Holy, and Righteous. Here, since there was no human Father there was no PROCREATION, and therefore Jesus was a CREATION MEANS of GOD’s Holy Spirit, just the same as the first man, Adam (Hence Jesus is called, ‘
the Last Adam’ - No other direct human creation will ever again take place!:
- ‘By the sin of [the first created MAN, Adam] death came to all mankind... by the death of [the last created MAN, Jesus] Sin has been destroyed’ (paraphrased)
Both Adam (before sinning) and Jesus Christ (eternally) are examples of perfect ‘Sons in Spirit’.
We can read also that Jesus elsewhere called certain of the errant Jews, ‘Sons of your Father’ - meaning, ‘Sons of Satan’... clearly Satan did not procreated these errant Jews but rather, they were ‘Doing the wrongful works of Satan; the Father of the lie’.
Paul, the apostle, ADOPTED the runaway slave, Onesimus, (Philemon 1) as his ‘Son’ because Onesimus so perfectly carried out the work (1.) of delivering the teachings of Paul to the distributed christians while Paul was ‘in prison in chains’.
So, your thoughts please to add to the above. Thanks.