He may have been exposed to many separate tribes, but, culturally, they wouldn't have differed much from His own. The Romans were probably the most exotic aliens He had much contact with. He knew nothing of Samoan, Inuit, jivaro, Japanese or Australian beliefs and values.
There is a debate amongst scholars regarding the cultural homogeneity versus heterogeneity of Galilee in the 1st century CE, and one's '
take' on that question is decisive for how we view the social context in which Jesus was raised and operated.
On the one hand, you have Professors John Dominic Crossan, Robert W. Funk, Marcus J. Borg and Burton Mack who argue for a Galilee that was very hellenized much like
@Jainarayan argued. So the idea is not without basis in the scholarship and its a valid standpoint to take. Robert W. Funk, for example, writes of a “
Galilee, whose inhabitants, because they were often of mixed blood and open to foreign influence, were despised by the ethnically pure Judeans to the south.” Conservative Jewish towns, like Nazareth and Capernaum which Jesus often frequented, were in close proximity to largely hellenized cities such as Tiberias and Sepphoris.
The Hasmonean dynasty in Judea only conquered Galilee in c. 103 BCE and then settled it with Jewish colonists. So it had only been 'Judaized' for about a hundred years before the birth of Jesus, meaning that it didn't have a terribly old Jewish heritage.
Undoubtedly, there was some ethnic prejudice towards the Galilean Jews on the part of the Judeans and this comes across in the gospel narratives themselves. The Galileans were viewed as being lax in observance of the
mitzvot or laws of the Torah. The
Talmud provides us with an illuminating anecdote in this respect, in which
Yohanan ben Zakkai, a Pharisee of the first century, found himself assigned to a postion in Galilee for eighteen years, in which he was asked only two questions of
Jewish law, causing him to cry out, "
O Galilee, O Galilee, in the end you shall be filled with wrongdoers!"
However, a lot of this might be unfair slander from the more elitist Judeans. There is abundant archaelogical evidence attesting to the fact that Galilean Jews adhered to the purity laws. Stone vessels are common and
mikvehs, for water purification after a woman has a period or a man has a seminal emission, have been discovered in in most Galilean sites, particularly around synagogues and even domestic dwellings.
For this reason, we have another cohort of scholars - including E. P. Sanders,
Jesus and Judaism (Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1985); John P. Meier,
A Marginal Jew, 2 vols. (New York: Doubleday, 1991, 1994) and Elisabeth Schussler Fiorenza,
Jesus: Miriam’s Child, Sophia’s Prophet: Critical Issues in Feminist Christology (New York: Continuum, 1994) - who have stressed the strongly Jewish 'settler' or frontier culture of Galilee. Gentiles were not a particularly big or influential demographic. It needs to be remembered that Galilee, unlike Judea, was not a Roman province - it was a client state with semi-autonomy from Rome under the Herodian Tetrarchs, effectively a Jewish monarch. Galilee’s population included some Gentiles, of course, but their numbers appear to have been negligible.