With the discovery of
Homo naledi, there are nine known species in the genus
Homo. One extant species--that's us--and eight extinct species. Some of which existed concurrently with
H.
sapiens in the past.
Obviously, we are considered to share a common ancestry with these species, since all are classified in the genus
Homo. Cousins in a sense as stated by
@SDavis. The genus has been dated to roughly 2.75 to 2.8 million years ago, with some of the species evolving earlier (more basal) than others. The evidence indicates that
H.
sapiens evolved about 300,000 to 350,000 years ago.
H.
neanderthalensis and
H.
heidlebergensis are sister species evolving from a common ancestor with our species. More basally,
H.
habilis and
H.
rudofensis are sister species, branching off early in the history of the genus. Of course, as with any taxonomy, this is hypothetical and new information could add or alter and refine these results.
For those that thrive on the uncertainty of science to maintain their personal gap filler (no proof), the evidence required to support rejection of the relationships will have to be very robust and would consist of more than "I no longer choose to believe it".
I'm not sure where
H.
naledi fits in this scheme and it is part of that new and continually accumulating information that some claim doesn't exist or is in some way only presumed as evidence.
Keep in mind that I'm an entomologist and not an expert in human evolution. I made this thread to raise discussion of a recent finding, discussion of human evolution and to learn some things myself. I may know some things about evolution, but in human evolution and anthropology, like many, I may not know what I don't know. But I'm open to learning.