Zurãrah says: "I asked AbūJa‘far (a.s.) about the mustad‘afْﻀَﺘْﺴُﻤْﻟَاﻒَﻌ=weak, weakened,). He said: 'He is the one who does not have a means to disbelief (that he may disbelieve), nor does he find away to belief; he is unable to believe and unable to reject (the belief);among them are the children as well as those men and women whoseunderstanding is like that of the children; they are freed fromresponsibility." (al-Kãfī)
Tabatabai (r) says in his commentary:
The tradition is extensively narrated fromZurãrah; al-Kulaynī, as-Sadūq and al-‘Ayyãshīhave narrated it from him through numerous chains.
Al-Kulaynī narrated through his links from Ismã‘īl al-Ju‘fītha the said: "I asked AbūJa‘far (a.s.) about the religion which no one can afford to be ignorant of. He said: 'The religion is spacious, but the khãrijites, as a result of their ignorance, have cramped it for themselves.' I said: 'May I be your ransom! should I then relate to you then religion which I follow? He said: 'Yes.'So I said: 'I bear witness that there is no god except Allãh, and Muhammad is His servant andHis Messenger; and I acknowledge (and believe in) what he has brought from Allãh, the High; and I love you and I keep away from your enemies and those who oppressed you and [wrongfully] became your rulers and usurped your rights.' He said: 'By Allãh you have not overlooked anything. It is, by Allãh! the [religion] we are on.' Then Isaid: 'Can someone not knowing this matter be saved?' He said:'[None] except the weak ones.' I said: 'Who are they?' He said: 'Your women and your children.' Then he said: 'Had you seen Umm Ayman? I bear witness that she was from the people of the garden, but she did not know [in such detail the religion] you are on.'" (Al-kafi)
as-Sãdiq (a.s.) said explaining this verse: " 'who have not in their power the means 'to our enmity, so that they could have got ill-feelings [towards us],'nor can they find a way' to the truth, that they could come on the right path; they will enter the garden because of their good deeds and their abstaining from the unlawful things forbidden by Allãh, but they will not get the rank of the righteous ones." (ibid.;at-Tafsīr,al-‘Ayyãshī)Durays al-Kunãsī narrates that he said to Abū Ja‘far (a.s.):"May I be made your ransom! What is the condition of those who believe in the One God and the prophethood of Muhammad (s.a.w.a.),who have committed sins and die without believing in an imãm and do not know about your love and obedience?" He said: "As for these,they shall remain in their graves, and not come out; whoever (among them) had done good deeds and did not show any animosity [towards us], a tunnal will be opened for him to the garden which Allãh has created in the west; thus refreshing breeze will continue reaching him in his grave upto the Day of Resurrection until he comes before Allãh; He will take account of his good and evil, then he will go either to the paradise or to the fire. These are they who depend on the decision ofAllãh. "Then he (a.s.) said: "And likewise is done to the weak ones,the idiots, the children and the minor children of the Muslims. And as for [our] antagonists among the People of the Qiblah, a tunnel is dug for them to the fire which Allãh has created in the east, and will reach to him the flames, sparks, smoke and the hell's out-bursts up to the Day of Resurrection; then their destination is the hell." (at-Tafsīr,al-Qummī)
Link's (mine) comment:
The context in Quran, is that, some people have no hatred towards the truth and if there is way to find they would, but really things are obstructing them from it.
There is also concept of orphans of family of Mohammad which means their father is neither Satan nor are they born of Ahlulbayt, but they need guidance, and so, they if good are ultimately forgiven.
But if people don't want to research Quran and Ahlulbayt out of malice, then that's a different story. There's a lot of people who haven't even heard of Ahlulbayt (a) nor have access to their teachings.
That said the proof aside from the verses of musatafeen, is that Quran says he doesn't forbid friendship and love to those who did not fight the believers during their time and said to not take God's enemy as a friend or love them while saying God is enemy of disbelievers.
It can be seen here disbelief is a matter of hatred and opposition to believers and their path, hate towards the Authority of God and his anointed kings (the Ahlulbayt).
One verse that comes to mind is:
O you who believe! when you go to war in Allah's way, make investigation, and do not say to any one who offers you peace: You are not a believer. Do you seek goods of this world's life! But with Allah there are abundant gains; you too were such before, then Allah conferred a benefit on you; therefore make investigation; surely Allah is aware of what you do.
SHAKIR (Quran 4:94)
Some more hadiths:
(end of my comments for now)
AS-Sãdiq (a.s.) narrates from his father, from his and father, from ‘Alī(a.s.) that he said: "Surely the Garden has eight gates: from one gate will enter the Prophets and the Truthful ones; from another
gate will enter the Witnesses and the Good servants; and from five gates will enter our Shī‘ahs and lovers; . . .and from [the eighth] gate will enter all the Muslims who bear witness that there is no god but Allãh and in whose heart there is not an atom's weight of animosity towards us, the Ahlu 'l-bayt(a.s.). (al-Khisãl)
Humrãn narrates: "I asked Abū‘Abdillãh (a.s.) about the word of Allãh: Except the weak ones. He said: 'They are the People ofal-wilãyah(ﺔَﻳﺎَﻟِﻮْﻟَا= friendship, authority, power, guardianship.)' I said:'Which wilãyah' He said: 'It is not the wilãyah in religion, but the wilãyah in marrying each other, inheriting from each other and mixing with each other; they are neither believers nor kãfirs(disbeliever), they are the ones made to await Allãh's command." (Ma‘ãni 'l-akhbãr;at-Tafsīr, al-‘Ayyãshī)
The author (Tabatabai) says: It refers to the verse: And others are made toawait Allãh's command, whether He will chastise them or whether Hewill turn to them (in mercy) . . .(9:106)‘
Alī(a.s.) said: "The name of weakness is not used for him towhom the proof has reached, and his ears heard it and his heartunderstood it." (Nahju 'l-balãghah)
al-Kãzzim (a.s.) was asked about the weak ones. He (a.s.)wrote: "The weak is he to whom proof has not been conveyed and who is unaware of [religious] difference. But he is no more weak once he knew the difference." (al-Kãfī)
as-Sãdiq (a.s.) was asked: "What do you say about the weakones" He replied in a dismayed manner, 'Have you left anyone who could be called weak? Where are the weak onesBecause, by Allãh! this affair of yours [i.e., Shī‘ite faith] has been taken by ladies in their boudoirs to other ladies, and have discussed it the water-carriers in the streets of Medina." (ibid.)
‘Umar ibn Ishãq says: "Abū‘Abdillãh (a.s.) was asked as to what was the definition of the weak which has been mentioned by Allãh. He said: 'He who does not properly recite any of the Qur’ãnic chapters, while Allãh has created it in such a way that no one should fail to recite it properly."' (Ma‘ãni '1-akhbãr)
My (Link's) comment: the last hadith shows those who cannot properly understand Quran due to translation issues or other reasons, they are included in mustafeen. Not everyone has reading comprehension, and also the true recitation needs help from ahadith and believers who know the hadiths well.
So, as long as people don't hate the truth or it's people, they are forgiven, and of course, if we do injustice, we can be hated for that, but if hated for our love of Ahlulbayt (a), then that is hate of Ahlulbayt (a). And if people refuse to research out of hatred, that's not allowed either.
Tabatabai (r) says in his commentary:
The tradition is extensively narrated fromZurãrah; al-Kulaynī, as-Sadūq and al-‘Ayyãshīhave narrated it from him through numerous chains.
Al-Kulaynī narrated through his links from Ismã‘īl al-Ju‘fītha the said: "I asked AbūJa‘far (a.s.) about the religion which no one can afford to be ignorant of. He said: 'The religion is spacious, but the khãrijites, as a result of their ignorance, have cramped it for themselves.' I said: 'May I be your ransom! should I then relate to you then religion which I follow? He said: 'Yes.'So I said: 'I bear witness that there is no god except Allãh, and Muhammad is His servant andHis Messenger; and I acknowledge (and believe in) what he has brought from Allãh, the High; and I love you and I keep away from your enemies and those who oppressed you and [wrongfully] became your rulers and usurped your rights.' He said: 'By Allãh you have not overlooked anything. It is, by Allãh! the [religion] we are on.' Then Isaid: 'Can someone not knowing this matter be saved?' He said:'[None] except the weak ones.' I said: 'Who are they?' He said: 'Your women and your children.' Then he said: 'Had you seen Umm Ayman? I bear witness that she was from the people of the garden, but she did not know [in such detail the religion] you are on.'" (Al-kafi)
as-Sãdiq (a.s.) said explaining this verse: " 'who have not in their power the means 'to our enmity, so that they could have got ill-feelings [towards us],'nor can they find a way' to the truth, that they could come on the right path; they will enter the garden because of their good deeds and their abstaining from the unlawful things forbidden by Allãh, but they will not get the rank of the righteous ones." (ibid.;at-Tafsīr,al-‘Ayyãshī)Durays al-Kunãsī narrates that he said to Abū Ja‘far (a.s.):"May I be made your ransom! What is the condition of those who believe in the One God and the prophethood of Muhammad (s.a.w.a.),who have committed sins and die without believing in an imãm and do not know about your love and obedience?" He said: "As for these,they shall remain in their graves, and not come out; whoever (among them) had done good deeds and did not show any animosity [towards us], a tunnal will be opened for him to the garden which Allãh has created in the west; thus refreshing breeze will continue reaching him in his grave upto the Day of Resurrection until he comes before Allãh; He will take account of his good and evil, then he will go either to the paradise or to the fire. These are they who depend on the decision ofAllãh. "Then he (a.s.) said: "And likewise is done to the weak ones,the idiots, the children and the minor children of the Muslims. And as for [our] antagonists among the People of the Qiblah, a tunnel is dug for them to the fire which Allãh has created in the east, and will reach to him the flames, sparks, smoke and the hell's out-bursts up to the Day of Resurrection; then their destination is the hell." (at-Tafsīr,al-Qummī)
Link's (mine) comment:
The context in Quran, is that, some people have no hatred towards the truth and if there is way to find they would, but really things are obstructing them from it.
There is also concept of orphans of family of Mohammad which means their father is neither Satan nor are they born of Ahlulbayt, but they need guidance, and so, they if good are ultimately forgiven.
But if people don't want to research Quran and Ahlulbayt out of malice, then that's a different story. There's a lot of people who haven't even heard of Ahlulbayt (a) nor have access to their teachings.
That said the proof aside from the verses of musatafeen, is that Quran says he doesn't forbid friendship and love to those who did not fight the believers during their time and said to not take God's enemy as a friend or love them while saying God is enemy of disbelievers.
It can be seen here disbelief is a matter of hatred and opposition to believers and their path, hate towards the Authority of God and his anointed kings (the Ahlulbayt).
One verse that comes to mind is:
O you who believe! when you go to war in Allah's way, make investigation, and do not say to any one who offers you peace: You are not a believer. Do you seek goods of this world's life! But with Allah there are abundant gains; you too were such before, then Allah conferred a benefit on you; therefore make investigation; surely Allah is aware of what you do.
SHAKIR (Quran 4:94)
Some more hadiths:
(end of my comments for now)
AS-Sãdiq (a.s.) narrates from his father, from his and father, from ‘Alī(a.s.) that he said: "Surely the Garden has eight gates: from one gate will enter the Prophets and the Truthful ones; from another
gate will enter the Witnesses and the Good servants; and from five gates will enter our Shī‘ahs and lovers; . . .and from [the eighth] gate will enter all the Muslims who bear witness that there is no god but Allãh and in whose heart there is not an atom's weight of animosity towards us, the Ahlu 'l-bayt(a.s.). (al-Khisãl)
Humrãn narrates: "I asked Abū‘Abdillãh (a.s.) about the word of Allãh: Except the weak ones. He said: 'They are the People ofal-wilãyah(ﺔَﻳﺎَﻟِﻮْﻟَا= friendship, authority, power, guardianship.)' I said:'Which wilãyah' He said: 'It is not the wilãyah in religion, but the wilãyah in marrying each other, inheriting from each other and mixing with each other; they are neither believers nor kãfirs(disbeliever), they are the ones made to await Allãh's command." (Ma‘ãni 'l-akhbãr;at-Tafsīr, al-‘Ayyãshī)
The author (Tabatabai) says: It refers to the verse: And others are made toawait Allãh's command, whether He will chastise them or whether Hewill turn to them (in mercy) . . .(9:106)‘
Alī(a.s.) said: "The name of weakness is not used for him towhom the proof has reached, and his ears heard it and his heartunderstood it." (Nahju 'l-balãghah)
al-Kãzzim (a.s.) was asked about the weak ones. He (a.s.)wrote: "The weak is he to whom proof has not been conveyed and who is unaware of [religious] difference. But he is no more weak once he knew the difference." (al-Kãfī)
as-Sãdiq (a.s.) was asked: "What do you say about the weakones" He replied in a dismayed manner, 'Have you left anyone who could be called weak? Where are the weak onesBecause, by Allãh! this affair of yours [i.e., Shī‘ite faith] has been taken by ladies in their boudoirs to other ladies, and have discussed it the water-carriers in the streets of Medina." (ibid.)
‘Umar ibn Ishãq says: "Abū‘Abdillãh (a.s.) was asked as to what was the definition of the weak which has been mentioned by Allãh. He said: 'He who does not properly recite any of the Qur’ãnic chapters, while Allãh has created it in such a way that no one should fail to recite it properly."' (Ma‘ãni '1-akhbãr)
My (Link's) comment: the last hadith shows those who cannot properly understand Quran due to translation issues or other reasons, they are included in mustafeen. Not everyone has reading comprehension, and also the true recitation needs help from ahadith and believers who know the hadiths well.
So, as long as people don't hate the truth or it's people, they are forgiven, and of course, if we do injustice, we can be hated for that, but if hated for our love of Ahlulbayt (a), then that is hate of Ahlulbayt (a). And if people refuse to research out of hatred, that's not allowed either.
