First, he used the wrong word. What he was actually referring to was chaos. Randomocity. Not chance. Chance can't occur until there is already a set order.
Wow
You are really something, PureX.
Not only have you being putting words in Valjean’s mouth, something which he didn’t say…hence, strawman. And, you are also trying to redefine words ad hoc to suit your whatever fantasy world you live in.
The word
“chance”, is only something that are
“likely” to occur (hence, it’s another word for
“probable”) as oppose to what are
“unlikely” to occur (hence its another word for
“improbable”).
Even the “least likely”, can still happen, as it is still within the realm of probability. It is only the improbable (or unlikely) will not occur.
Chances can be understood through Statistics and Probabilities.
Random is simply something that that can occur without conscious decision. But there can also be randomness even in likely events.
Chances, can be random, but sometimes it is not, even in biology.
For instance, I have already given you example in my previous reply, where gen X - the 4 grandparents in which 3 of them had brown eyes, but the maternal grandmother has green-coloured irises. Her children (gen Y, on the maternal side) all have brown eyes, so the green eyes have skipped a generation. So of gen X’s grandchildren, only one of them have the green eyes.
All 4 grandparents have added their genes into the gene pool. But as only one of them, have green eyes, the majority of children (gen X) and grandchildren (gen Z) are “more likely” to have brown eyes than green. But even if least likely to, there are still probable or “chance” that one of them will inherit the green eyes from gene of the maternal grandmother.
The point is that gene pool can offer all sorts of varied physical traits (genetic variance), not just the colour of the eyes, that future generations could inherit. That’s chance based on pool genes, there are no chaos here.
And it is the same Evolution, biodiversity occurred due to genetic variance…not through chaos. And due to Natural Selection, the reasons why humans are mammals, why humans don’t grow wings, capable of powered flight, or don’t grow gills, so they can live underwater; if they did, then it would be chaos governing Evolution. not Natural Selection.
But this thread should about creationism (eg divine entity (God or gods) to create life with supernatural powers or magic), as opposed to through natural processes that understood in biology (eg reproduction, genetics, evolutionary processes)…the topic isn’t about mathematics.
Given that we talking about biology, there are vast array of life form on Earth, today, as tiny as a single-celled bacteria, to as large as a multicellular blue whale.
What give life to these 2 vastly different organisms, are 3 common things:
- all organisms are made of cells; these cells contained 4 common biological macromolecules: proteins, nucleic acids (RNA, DNA), various forms of carbohydrates, & lipids...and even these macromolecules are made of smaller molecules.
- they require energy to sustain life and to cause growth...this process is called metabolism, eg animals consume other organism, the metabolism turn food into energy source, like glucose;
- and their abilities to reproduce (eg asexual reproduction vs sexual reproduction).
There existence (organisms from unicellular Prokaryota (domain Bacteria & domain Archaea), the unicellular & multicellular domain Eukaryota (kingdom Protista, kingdom Fungi, kingdom Plantae & kingdom Animalia), are evidence that life have been around.
Biology isn’t about making one “happy”, PureX.
Biology, as all other sciences in Natural Sciences (thus physics, chemistry, Earth sciences, astronomy & life sciences), are attempts to understand & explain our world (everything that exists naturally on earth, including life) and this Universe: these explanations are proposed explanations in models for hypotheses, that attempt to -
- WHAT (each) natural phenomena are? (This question is also about understanding WHAT the properties of phenomena?)
- HOW do the phenomena work? (This question is about understanding the mechanisms of the phenomena.)
And if one could explain or answer the above questions, then that might possibly leads to the following questions -
- WHAT applications one would have (having answering the above questions)?
- HOW would one implement (#1) the applications?
Finding answers or solutions to the problems or to the physical phenomena, is to UNDERSTAND & if possible, to EXPLAIN the WHAT (eg WHAT does it do?) and the HOW question (eg HOW do they work?)
With the above 4 questions (those in bullet points), these proposed answers or proposed explanations, must then be tested, either separately or simultaneously, through the following observations:
- evidence finding & evidence gathering (this usually involved field works);
- performing experiments that will either verify the model or refute the model (this is where the variables are controlled, so it usually take place in labs).
Now it would be ideal, if you could do both - acquiring evidence and doing lab experiments…but sometimes that’s not possible. But acquiring evidence from the fields, might also be leading to further testing in the laboratory.
The question to life being "designed", "intelligently", that would indicate purpose, intention and plan. The problems with using words, like design or plan, it is because they implied there are some sorts of master blueprints, the very idea is simply lubricious.
So if life were all planned down to level to the cells and the even smaller, the molecules that make up the cells, then the questions are:
Why there are healthy and unhealthy organisms, organisms that have defects or abnormalities, or diseases?
Why do some cells become malignant, like tumors or cancers?
Were all these planned too?