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The “naturalist” Problem of Suffering

sayak83

Veteran Member
Staff member
Premium Member
Depends on what you mean by 'explanation' and 'need'. By explanation, do you mean how it came to be or do you mean the reason why it came to be? There is a 'how' for everything that exists, or at least there seems to be. But a reason implies agency.

What is the reason for magnetism existing? I can most certainly imagine a functional world where magnetism doesn't exist. So what is the reason for magnetism existing then? Perhaps there is no reason, and it just happens to be the case that magnetism exists? Perhaps my imagination is making a fool of me and such a world without magnetism is not actually a possible world, and perhaps the same applies to philosophical zombies?
Do you believe access consciousness is a fundamental field like electromagnetic force field ? Then there is no issue. However if you believe,as physicalism argues, that access consciousness is not a fundamental feature but is derived from and supervenes on more fundamental material structures, then an explanation is of course needed.
 

sayak83

Veteran Member
Staff member
Premium Member
I'm not sure either claim is true, human consciousness is an objective fact, and therefore consciousness doesn't seem to be at odds with materialist philosophy at all? That it is derived from the evolved human brain is also self evident, since we only ever see it when a functioning human physical brain exists, when that brain dies that consciousness disappears instantly. If that physical brain is damaged that consciousness can be impaired. The fact materialists don't accept that other insentient aspects of the physical universe has any conscious agency, is because there is no evidence to support the notion, it also adds nothing to our understanding of the universe, as science demonstrates amply.
Currently, only healthy human brains have the ability to communicate their inner states with other human brains which is why we know that we have this inner experience. Having something and the ability to communicate that thing are different.
Conscious awareness itself has no role in the scientific theories required to understand the universe or even us. Science only sees neural activity here. If we ourselves were not experiencing this everyday, we would never had known that it exists using science or any other form of objective knowledge gathering enterprise. Which seems to demonstrate their fundamental limitations rather than anything else.
 

Koldo

Outstanding Member
Do you believe access consciousness is a fundamental field like electromagnetic force field ? Then there is no issue. However if you believe,as physicalism argues, that access consciousness is not a fundamental feature but is derived from and supervenes on more fundamental material structures, then an explanation is of course needed.

But once again, what do you mean by explanation? And why are fundamental fields exempt from the need for explanation?
 

Sheldon

Veteran Member
Currently, only healthy human brains have the ability to communicate their inner states with other human brains which is why we know that we have this inner experience. Having something and the ability to communicate that thing are different.
Conscious awareness itself has no role in the scientific theories required to understand the universe or even us. Science only sees neural activity here. If we ourselves were not experiencing this everyday, we would never had known that it exists using science or any other form of objective knowledge gathering enterprise. Which seems to demonstrate their fundamental limitations rather than anything else.

Not sure I'm following, do you mean to say the limitations of science to explain consciousness? If so then I would have to point out, that not currently having an explanation is very different from there not being an explanation. I'm not sure what scientific theories you're referring to, but outside of biology and specifically human evolution, I'm not sure why they would concern themselves with human consciousness?
 

sayak83

Veteran Member
Staff member
Premium Member
But once again, what do you mean by explanation? And why are fundamental fields exempt from the need for explanation?
If something is claimed to be fundamental, then yes. That is what fundamental means.
 

sayak83

Veteran Member
Staff member
Premium Member
Not sure I'm following, do you mean to say the limitations of science to explain consciousness? If so then I would have to point out, that not currently having an explanation is very different from there not being an explanation. I'm not sure what scientific theories you're referring to, but outside of biology and specifically human evolution, I'm not sure why they would concern themselves with human consciousness?
Because it is possible that AI could become (or already is) conscious?
 

sayak83

Veteran Member
Staff member
Premium Member
Where did you find this definition?
Not as a definition. It is usually how scientific explanation works. The derived entities are explained in terms of fundamental (and usually simpler) entities which are assumed as priors.
 

BrightShadow

Active Member
In the context of the thread and your scenario, such a deity would be able to stop unnecessary suffering, but as you point out in your hypothetical, would have chosen not to intervene. You can't simultaneously claim such a deity is omniscient and not know, or omnipotent yet unable to prevent anything, and in this context that it is omnibenevolent yet chooses not to prevent unnecessary suffering.

In the context of the thread - maybe - BUT not in my scenario!
In my scenario - there is a reason God is choosing not to intervene. When there is a valid reason - your context, your claim and your demand are all nullified! Like I said earlier - God's kingdom is like an ocean and if he has a valid reason then an all "omni" God can choose not to be "omnipresent" in a space equivalent to one single drop and have his angels run the affairs. God can be "omni" everywhere else. It won't nullify his overall status! But of course you won't accept that because you may demand to know the reason for God's noninvolvement with clear-cut evidence! Under normal conditions that is a fair demand but can the "rejects" demand anything? :confused:


A poor analogy, since those judges are fallible evolved primates, and not infallible deities, that some theists and religious apologists insist has limitless power knowledge and mercy.

Wrong premise and thus wrong conclusion!
Like I said - just because God is all knowing, all powerful and all good - does not require him to be actively involved in all day to day affairs at a tiny spot that is equivalent to one single drop of water in a remote part of a huge ocean.
Of course he can stop the evil if he so chooses but if he is trying to show his angels that some of the human souls can be salvaged then why should he? I believe all of us - have a history with God in our soul form where we have already proven ourselves deficient in a certain way and that is why - I say - there is a reason we are sent here in our soul form. I believe the deficiency level varies from soul to soul. The assignment of human souls to their respective body is all mapped out by God based on our negative performance in our respective soul form. IMO. In such a scenario - where we already failed God once - giving us a second chance is an act of mercy. IMO.
Can we demand more? Can we demand answers and protection?
Obviously, God didn't want Robots who will comply without any freewill! Angels have proven themselves and already complying to God! We are the ones who failed! IMO. After failing now we need to do better by "believing" without "empirical evidence". Maybe this requirement is not just to satisfy God but primarily to satisfy his Angels. Angels need to greet us back with open arms! (Figuratively speaking!).
Anyhow the only way to explain why a God with limitless knowledge, power and goodness can still decide to allow suffering etc. - was to point out a few things. I know it was unnecessary because you are only seeking empirical evidence and what I wrote sounds like hypothesis! But evidence is out there. If you seek it you may find it!

Anyhow, what is your position regarding Darwin's theory (natural selection) and big bang theory? Do you accept it in its entirety with no room for any parallel theory? Just wondering! I have no significant issue with either.


“Is God willing to prevent evil, but not able? Then he is not omnipotent.
Is he able, but not willing? Then he is malevolent.
Is he both able and willing? Then whence cometh evil?
Is he neither able nor willing? Then why call him God?”

You are quoting Epicurus, so obviously his words makes sense to you. So, you do accept "word of mouth" when it suits your logic. I think he was only trying to change the belief in the quality of God and not negate it entirely!
Anyhow, Epicurus logic was flawed! IMO
God can prevent Evil if he so chooses. Evil is a byproduct of temptation. Temptations creates a need and curiosity and greed and suspicion and when you can't get what you were tempted for - it creates desperation and that leads to rash and extreme behavior etc. etc. and thus evil is created. So, God can take away the reason for temptations by fulfilling all our needs but why should he do so if we don't deserve it? Just because he created us - does it mean - he has to sustain us regardless of what we do. If he doesn't temporarily save us from suffering (for a good reason) - then why should it make him malevolent? After all he knows he can reverse whatever damage takes place during our suffering. So, why God cannot retain his qualities and still put up a show for his angels - that some human souls can be salvaged? I don't see any problem with that!

Anyhow, remember - you are thinking with your human prospective. You are not looking from God's prospective. Nothing is lost to God if he so chooses. He can repair anything back to its original condition if he so chooses. All suffering can be erased and all souls can be put back to their original state. This is another reason why God sent us in our physical body. Our physical body can be subjected to different conditions without incurring any damage to the soul. IMO. This temporary vessel (our physical body) also has other advantages that also facilitate with God's plan.
However, I believe anyone who decides to ignore God and his directives while alive - will willingly forfeit their position in God's immediate kingdom after transitioning out if this existence. They will fail the test and thus there won't be any need for their presence there any longer. IMO. What else can you do with such rejects?:mad:


I made no comment about what other atheists claim or believ, so not this straw man is a pretty obvious red herring using whataboutism.

No, again this is a straw man you've created. I can only say what I do or not believe, as I did in the post you responded to.

These are examples of straw manning with straw man accusation! Nothing was really addressed from your prospective either!
Forget about other Atheists - what is your position? How do you explain "suffering"?
Obviously it seems you don't accept anything without evidence. So, for lack of evidence - do you reject God as well?
In that case - can you explain where the consciousness came from?

So, do you feel your position is better than a theists' position from any major religion? It seems you feel evidence is on your side and so you feel to counter your opponent by comparing their belief in a creator with examples such as mermaids and unicorns! Bravo! You feel you have this advantage because no one can compare your non-existent deity to anything except nothingness!

Anyhow, continue with what comes naturally to you. Continue demanding evidence!
Like I said earlier - (in the mean time) be prepared to fade away into your nothingness :ghost: when it's time! I know that is the only useful suggestion you can receive from this entire post!
 

Subduction Zone

Veteran Member
Wrong premise again! Btw, did you say "evil" behavior? I hear irony meter beeping!
Sorry, you do not know how an irony meter works. Why can't your God be evil? Clearly you do not take hardly any of the Bible literally. The Bible is full of examples of God being evil. Luckily for Christians we know that most of those events did not happen.
 
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Sheldon

Veteran Member
So firstly here is a quote from my post, added to illustrate that I predicted your response, and you did precisely what I had said you would, tried to justify the presence of suffering as necessary, even though I pointed out this doesn't address the paradox of theodicy.
The next rationalisation is usually to assert that some suffering is necessary, but of course whilst that is true in reality, it would not be true for a hypothetical deity with literally limitless power, as @Subduction Zone pointed out, with all the omnis.

In the context of the thread - maybe - BUT not in my scenario!
In my scenario - there is a reason God is choosing not to intervene.

Well of course failing to solve theodicy most apologists rationalise this paradox, nonetheless the paradox remains.

When there is a valid reason - your context, your claim and your demand are all nullified!

Well the fact you have decided your rationalisation is a valid answer doesn't make it so, there is a reason theodicy has remained unsolved for millennia. These are not my demands btw, theodicy existed before Christianity.

Like I said earlier - God's kingdom is like an ocean and if he has a valid reason then an all "omni" God can choose not to be "omnipresent" in a space equivalent to one single drop and have his angels run the affairs.

Yes I read it, a very poor argument since it involves choosing to allow ubiquitous suffering, and thus doesn't remotely address theodicy at all.


you won't accept that because you may demand to know the reason for God's noninvolvement with clear-cut evidence!

Well it's clear your claim is an unevidenced rationalisation of course, but for the sake of argument lets say it were true, it doesn't solve theodicy at all, as again you have just imagined a scenario where a deity that chooses to allow ubiquitous suffering.


Wrong premise and thus wrong conclusion!
Like I said - just because God is all knowing, all powerful and all good - does not require him to be actively involved in all day to day affairs

Of course it would, if such a deity allowed suffering it could easily prevent, then it is paradoxical to claim it is omni-benevolent. This is what theodicy has been trying to address for millennia.

Can we demand more? Can we demand answers and protection?

We are in a debate forum? Demanding answers would seem to be entirely the point.

After failing now we need to do better by "believing" without "empirical evidence".

Circular reasoning fallacy is always the result when you start by assuming your conclusion in your first premise. However this is again irrelevant to the paradox within theodicy.


Anyhow the only way to explain why a God with limitless knowledge, power and goodness can still decide to allow suffering etc. - was to point out a few things. I know it was unnecessary because you are only seeking empirical evidence and what I wrote sounds like hypothesis! But evidence is out there. If you seek it you may find it!

Theodicy is a paradox, your claims here fail to solve that paradox, the fact you have demonstrated no evidence for the claims is irrelevant to that.

You are quoting Epicurus, so obviously his words makes sense to you. So, you do accept "word of mouth" when it suits your logic. I think he was only trying to change the belief in the quality of God and not negate it entirely!

Epicurus was presenting an argument, it makes no claims, only scrutinises a belief, and then infers a rational conclusion.

Anyhow, Epicurus logic was flawed! IMO
God can prevent Evil if he so chooses. Evil is a byproduct of temptation. Temptations creates a need and curiosity and greed and suspicion and when you can't get what you were tempted for - it creates desperation and that leads to rash and extreme behavior etc. etc. and thus evil is created.

Evil is a subjective perception, and this doesn't represent any flaw in Epicurus's argument at all. Since the argument addresses the paradox in some people's conception of a deity, not the fallibility of one species of evolved primates. Which would be irrelevant to characteristics like omnipotence omniscience and omnibenevolence.

So, God can take away the reason for temptations by fulfilling all our needs but why should he do so if we don't deserve it?

You seem to be missing the point again. You're trying to rationalise why such a deity would choose to allow suffering, but that isn't relevant, as it doesn't solve theodicy. It's a paradox, it likely has no rational solution.

Anyhow, remember - you are thinking with your human prospective.

As are you, we cannot do otherwise, however the paradox remains, and as such makes the concept an irrational one, as it violates the law of non contradiction.


You are not looking from God's prospective.

It doesn't matter, what is being addressed is a specific concept of a deity, that some people imagine exists, and in a world with ubiquitous suffering this creates a paradox, you can't rationalise this away. Though of course I am under no obligation to indulge subjective beliefs others hold, in order to rationalise this paradox.

However, I believe anyone who decides to ignore God and his directives while alive - will willingly forfeit their position in God's immediate kingdom after transitioning out if this existence. They will fail the test and thus there won't be any need for their presence there any longer. IMO. What else can you do with such rejects?:mad:

Maybe a deity is testing us to wheedle out the most gullible? I doubt it, but anyone can imagine unevidenced scenarios and pick one they like. Though again this does absolutely nothing to address the paradox of theodicy.

what is your position? How do you explain "suffering"?

In what sense? That suffering exists is manifest. Given species evolution and natural mechanisms like natural selection are insentient unguided process, why would suffering need an explanation?

Obviously it seems you don't accept anything without evidence. So, for lack of evidence - do you reject God as well? In that case - can you explain where the consciousness came from?

Well this is whataboutism of course, not having a contrary explanation to a belief doesn't lend that belief any credence. Though it is a fact that human consciousness is only ever present when there is a functioning human brain, when that physical brain dies that consciousness disappears forever in every single case.

So, do you feel your position is better than a theists' position from any major religion? It seems you feel evidence is on your side and so you feel to counter your opponent by comparing their belief in a creator with examples such as mermaids and unicorns! Bravo!

I don't know what you mean by better here? Atheism is simply the lack of belief in any deity or deities, thus it no more requires evidence than your lack of belief in Santa Claus. If these analogous comparisons bother you, you might want to consider why beyond hurt pride?

Anyhow, continue with what comes naturally to you. Continue demanding evidence!

I demand nothing, a claim incurs a burden of proof, and beliefs are the affirmation of a claim. When asserted publicly in a debate forum, I'm not sure what result you expect beyond debate?

Like I said earlier - (in the mean time) be prepared to fade away into your nothingness :ghost: when it's time! I know that is the only useful suggestion you can receive from this entire post!

It is about as useless a suggestion as one could imagine, when offered to someone who lends the belief in imaginary posthumous torture chambers no credence whatsoever. This lame threat has always made me smile tbh, as while some do seem to relish this prospect, it has always struck me as a particularly vapid threat, and speaks volumes about the many claims so many theists make that their religion is a religion of love. It seems religions have a tendency to make otherwise good people believe or accept deeply pernicious ideas, even relish the prospect, a little sad really. Though of course some theists don't do this, or at least manage not to show it.
 
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Sheldon

Veteran Member
Wrong premise again! Btw, did you say "evil" behavior? I hear irony meter beeping!
Actually it's the correct premise, and I think it is fair to say that allowing ubiquitous suffering when one could prevent it by will alone, could be inferred as evil, albeit a subjective assertion.

We would certainly see it as evil in evolved primates like humans, so why would we imagine a deity with literally limitless power and knowledge and supposedly mercy, is not being evil by not stopping it? If I could prevent a child being raped I'd do so, it seems some people imagine a deity that closes the door, does nothing, and says I will torture the rapist later.
 

BrightShadow

Active Member
Well of course failing to solve theodicy most apologists rationalise this paradox, nonetheless the paradox remains.

It only remains in the heads of people who don't know how to think beyond the box.
Some people put themselves in a box and just don't know how to get out of it. They think with one-track mind and just don't know how to reason via critical thinking!


Well the fact you have decided your rationalisation is a valid answer doesn't make it so,

Why not? :rolleyes:

there is a reason theodicy has remained unsolved for millennia.

I solved it! Do I get a prize? :clapping::handfist::thumbsup:
I already showed the theodicy is flawed. It assumes our world is the center piece and everything revolves around us! (figuratively speaking). It does not understand how the time works outside of our universe.
God is not existing with evil in the same dimension - in a manner ancient philosophers assumed.
If you are going to dive into their writings - you need to remember where they were coming from. These ancient philosophers (and astronomers if you want to call them) thought sun revolves around the earth! We have come a long way since then - lets move forward! Lets not continue to think from their prospective.
Like I said our world in not the center piece! It is miniscule in size compared to the entirety of God's kingdom! It is a tiny drop of water in the middle of a gigantic ocean. Time works differently here. IMO. You cannot come to a conclusion like the theodicy - without relating to the bigger picture! The picture from God's immediate realm!


theodicy existed before Christianity.

Why keep mentioning Christianity? :mad::confused: Please define Christianity. Are you holding Christianity as a basic model? Every religion has its share of corruptions. You are still expected to sort through it because (I believe) truth is scattered among multiple religions. But why continue to mention Christianity? It seems like you have a lot of resentment against this particular religion. That is why - it keeps popping up in you comments!


Of course it would, if such a deity allowed suffering it could easily prevent, then it is paradoxical to claim it is omni-benevolent. This is what theodicy has been trying to address for millennia.

Once again, I told you the theodicy is flawed. It starts with wrong premise! Since you cannot look from God's realm or God's prospective - it is a useless position. There is nothing conflicting in there.
Time will tell how time created this illusion that God and evil is residing in the same ground in the manner this theodicy projects and thus time will explain how this paradox is false to everyone amused by it (you and your philosophers). It is not fooling me because I didn't put myself in a box!;)

God can be omni-benevolent and and all the other Omnis while suffering occurs on a tiny world of the size of a drop of water. God can choose not to be omni-present during a tiny friction of illusion of time that he created to test out some subjects whom he can repair back to their original state with a press of the reset button! God can overlap and yet not be present! For lack of better analogy - think of the "eye of a storm"!
Only folks who want to limit God's capabilities would create something like this theodicy.:facepalm:
It is nonsense! :angry::smirk:


Theodicy is a paradox, your claims here fail to solve that paradox

The theodicy is flawed. The paradox is resolved. ;)


Epicurus was presenting an argument, it makes no claims, only scrutinises a belief, and then infers a rational conclusion.

Epicurus came to his conclusion from a wrong premise. He probably also thought sun moves around the earth! Check what else he said and where his point of views were coming from before indorsing it. He put God inside a box and created a paradox around it and gullible crowd indorsed it for millennia. :tearsofjoy: He did not take into account that time could work differently in God's realm and or that time could be just an illusion!


We would certainly see it as evil in evolved primates like humans, so why would we imagine a deity with literally limitless power and knowledge and supposedly mercy, is not being evil by not stopping it? If I could prevent a child being raped I'd do so, it seems some people imagine a deity that closes the door, does nothing, and says I will torture the rapist later.

This line of thinking is exactly what creates atheists. I think they cannot comprehend how a omniscient, omnipotent and omnibenevolent God can coexist with concept of Evil. They fail to realize -God is not required to co-exist in the manner their head understands. God is not required to be present in a particular realm all the time either - especially if time can be defined differently than what we have known about it. If they try to look pass the box they are in - they should realize - that - if some sort of evil exist in a realm while God decided to be temporarily absent - then it should not be an issue and it doesn't make God malevolent.
As far as God's standard is concerned - no permanent damage is done to any victims (ever) - God can heal, fix and erase everything that needs to be addressed in his own time!
Some atheists will remain atheists because it is the easiest path to be on. But obviously this path leads to nothingness! IMO :handwaving:
:sunglasses:
 
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BrightShadow

Active Member
Sorry, you do not know how an irony meter works. Why can't your God be evil? Clearly you do not take hardly any of the Bible literally. The Bible is full of examples of God being evil. Luckily for Christians we know that most of those events did not happen.
I am not Christian!
 

Alien826

No religious beliefs
It's hard to see how that could become the case, and science not have an explanation for how it were achieved?

Just for fun ...

Already they are messing with methods where a program learns stuff on its own. It wouldn't be a great stretch to foresee this developing into a methodology where the programs were allowed to work things out for themselves and alter their own code, at first as applied to predefined objectives. This goes on to a point where more and more applications run on programs that are essentially self produced.

So far, no consciousness, but now lets jump off into sci fi land. One day someone is interacting with a computer and it says, out of the blue, "Is anyone there?" In short, the thing just woke up and is starting to explore its world on its on volition. The scientists may be able to trace the path that was followed in general terms to the point where that computer/program came to be as it is, but what exactly happened to cause it to become conscious? Maybe they try to build another program that is the same as the conscious one and they fail? Keep trying of course and one day it works? But there was a degree of randomness involved in its creation, so do they yet know how to build one that will reliably exhibit consciousness?
 

BrightShadow

Active Member
I see that now. You seemed to think that a God engaging in evil behavior might be ironic. Why would you think that is the case?

First - define evil!
Then point out which evil you are talking about - your version of evil or your opponent's version of evil.
An air force pilot or a drone operator listens to his commanding officer and blows up targeted building without being sure if there are civilians (children) in there - are they evil?
Terrorists blows up targeted places of their choosing - obviously they are evil from our prospective but why an air force pilot or drone operator is not considered evil?:confused:
So, until you can properly define evil and figure out the source of it - then, as an atheist - it is unwise to use such a word against something you don't even acknowledge.
 
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