So can anyone describe what pursuing a trade (eg plumbing, welding, etc) is like in terms of necessary training and costs? If you work in a trade, how does employment generally work? Do you enjoy it?
I'm a tradesman. My "official" title is Journeyman Mechanical Equipment Service Technician; in real-word terms, I install, maintain, and repair: boilers, chillers, furnaces, air conditioners, and their associated pumps, pipe systems, fans, ductwork, and control components.
When I started almost two decades ago, everything was done on-the-job. You started as a green helper, and the mechanic/journeyman you worked under directed and taught you. As your knowledge and skills progressed, so did the level and difficulty of the tasks you were given. It's still primarily the same today, but classroom instruction has become much more prevalent in the training process.
A lot of tech schools offer diplomas and certificates in the trade, and they have some value; they give you some basic knowledge and show a potential employer that you are willing to learn. But experience trumps everything, and a greenie with a diploma is still seen as green, only he comes in knowing some of the basic terms and (hopefully) how to read a tape measure. In my area, showing a potential employer that you are reliable, a hard worker, and, (most importantly IMO) trainable is the key to getting started in a trade. Most decent employers will provide annual classroom training, and OJT is automatic.
I've fallen under a union for the last seven years, and have to say that I think their approach is probably the best for producing skilled tradesmen. They bring in people as apprentices, regulate how many apprentices each journeyman can train to help insure no one gets left behind, and uses a solid system of OJT, classroom training, and skill assessments to ensure growth and accurate placement.
The starting costs can be considerable, depending on your employer and trade. Different shops have their own criteria on what qualifies as personal and company-provided tools. Typically, your going to expected to provide your own hand tools and small power tools. In my trade, that means it's your responibilty to provide screwdrivers, wire cutters and strippers, wrenches and such, a multimeter and amp-clamp. The shop will typically provide a truck, ladders, torches and tanks, welders and large power tools, and specialty tools.
I started out with a basic tool kit with a hammer, a couple of adjustable wrenches, a tape measure, and some trade-specific tools that my employer "sold" to me for weekly payroll deductions.
Potential income is going to depend on a lot of things, but you'll most likely never get rich just turning a wrench. In my area, framing carpenters, masons, painters, and roofers tend to be the lowest paid tradesmen, and mechanical service techs, electricians, and auto techs tend to better paid. Being union will increase your wage, and the dues are usually reasonable. There really isn't a lot of movement up the ladder though; once you become proficient in your trade, you're pretty much done advancing; most of us will never see an office (and most of us don't care to); the skills and character traits that make us good technicians and tradesmen tend to work against us as supervisors.
Overall, I enjoy it; I've learned skills that have allowed me to make a decent living and that can never be taken away, and there's a big sense of accomplishment to step back and see what you've made at the end of the day. The biggest two downfalls for me is that it isn't very intellectually stimulating, and working a trade takes a big toll on your body.