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In the decrees of God, there are two types. One type is fixed and inevitable, and another type is not fixed, but it is conditional:
These Hadithes are from Bihar and Alkaafi:
The Imam said, "There are two appointed times. One is is a definit time and the other is the conditional one."
This means when the Prophets and Imams gave news about future, some of them are inevitable and some can be delayed or changed. This change in divine plan, is called Bada. ( بداء):
"I heard Imam abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) saying, ‘Had the people known of the
reward in the belief in al-Bada’ there would have been no weakness in their words about it.
What is the purpose of Bada? It is to Test our Faith or Iman.
Another Hadith, from the Imam:
‘When we say a hadith, and if our hadith comes true you should say, "Allah has spoken the truth."
If we say a hadith to you and if does not come true, you should say, "Allah has spoken the truth." You will be rewarded twice."
And again another Hadith:
"I heard Imam al-Rida (a.s.) saying, "
Allah never sent a prophet without the law that prohibits the use of wine and
without belief in al-Bada.’"
The Bada is also mentioned in the Torah:
"One instant I may speak concerning a nation and concerning a kingdom, to uproot and to demolish and to destroy. And when that nation repents of its evil for which I spoke concerning it, I will repent of the evil that I thought to do to it. And at one instant I may speak concerning a nation and concerning a kingdom, to build and to plant,
And [if] it will do what is evil in My eyes,
not to hearken to My voice, I will repent of the good I said to benefit it." (
Jeremiah 18:7-10)
Now, with regards to the Prophecies of the Qaim, only some of the events are inevitable:
Imam Ja’far Sadiq (a.s.) said:
“Some things are inevitable and others are not. From among the inevitable things is the rising of Sufyani in Rajab.”
And here is another Hadith in Al-kafi:
Once I went to see Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.) and found him thinking and he drawing lines on the ground. I then said, "O Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.) I can see you thinking and drawing lines on the ground. Have you become interested in it (worldly things) ?" He said, no, by Allah, I have not become interested in it and the whole world not even for a day but I thought about a baby from my descendants, the eleventh generation. He will be al-Mahdi who will fill the earth with justice and fairness after its being filled with suffering and injustice. He will disappear from the public sight and in confusing conditions. Certain people will deviate and others find the path of guidance." I then asked, "O Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), how long will be the duration of confusion and the disappearance?" He said, "Six days or six months or six years." I then said, "Will this really come to pass?" He said, "Yes, just his creation will be necessary (so also will be his disappearance). However, O Asbagh, this is not your concern. Those people will of the best in this nation with the best virtuous ones of this family (Ahl alBayt)."
I then said, "What then will happen afterwards?" He said, "Allah will do whatever He will so decide. He possesses, Bada’s, (seemingly change of plan) wills, goals and ends."
Sadiq (a.s.) said:
“The inevitable things that must occur before the appearance of the
Qaim. They are the rising of Sufyani, the sinking of the desert, killing of
Nafse Zakiyyah and the call from the sky.”
So, the filling the earth with justice, depends on how well people would have responded to the call. If most people rejected the Qaim, those good things which was promised could be changed, because they were conditional upon people's respons to the Call of God.
سمعت أبا عبدالله يقول إذا ظهرت راية الحق لعنها أهل الشرق والغرب ، أتدري لم ذلك؟ قلت : لا ، قال : للذي يلقى الناس من أهل بيته قبل خروجه
I heard Aba Abdallah saying: when the Qiam rises, people of the east and west curse Him
قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص إِنَّ الْإِسْلَامَ بَدَأَ غَرِيباً وَ سَيَعُودُ غَرِيباً فَطُوبَى لِلْغُرَبَاءِ ..
The Prophet said, Islam was alone and minority in the beginning and will be alone and minority at the time of Return.
Happy are the minority ones!
قُلْ أَمَرَ رَبِّى بِٱلْقِسْطِ ۖ وَأَقِيمُوا۟ وُجُوهَكُمْ عِندَ كُلِّ مَسْجِدٍۢ وَٱدْعُوهُ مُخْلِصِينَ لَهُ ٱلدِّينَ ۚ
كَمَا بَدَأَكُمْ تَعُودُونَ فَرِيقًا هَدَىٰ وَفَرِيقًا حَقَّ عَلَيْهِمُ ٱلضَّلَـٰلَةُ ۗ إِنَّهُمُ ٱتَّخَذُوا۟ ٱلشَّيَـٰطِينَ أَوْلِيَآءَ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ وَيَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّهُم مُّهْتَدُونَ
Quran 7:29-30
...You shall be returned just as the beginning you were, some will be guided and some will be misguided ....
Imam Muhammad Baqir (a.s.) that he said: Amirul Momineen (a.s.) used to say:
“Muddaththir will be there during the period of Rajat. Someone asked: O Amirul Momineen (a.s.), is there a second life before Qiyamat? And then death after that?
He replied: Yes,
by Allah, during the period of Rajat there would be more disbelief.”
That means, when the Qaim has come, and died, and the Return (رجعت) has come, there even more disbelief!
Again another Hadith:
وإن القائم يخرجون عليه فيتأولون عليه كتاب الله ويقاتلونه عليه.
"When the Qaim rises, they will interpret Quran against Him, and make war with Him"
Imam Ja’far Sadiq (a.s.) say: “When the Qaim (a.s.) appears, those who have thought themselves as his followers will apostatize and those, who are somehow like the worshippers of the sun and the moon, will believe in him.”
What I am trying to say, how could the earth be filled with justice if most people reject the Qaim?