I really do not see any problem with the amount of spending in social welfare programs except that it is too little. We should spend more on welfare programs. If we want to talk about changing and improving these programs, I am all for any change that would better these programs. But taking away money from such programs is hardly going to better any of these programs.
As far as the study in the op, table 18 (I believe) is a better picture, but still not quite accurate since a minimum wage, single parent of two would also qualify for Medicare. The study is not an attack on minimum wage, it makes this clear. Rather, it is an attack on government funding of welfare programs. But I am curious as to what we are discussing? Are we discussing the skewing of statistics in the study such as making conclusions about welfare based on a very small population of welfare recipients? Yeah, the study does do that. Or are we discussing how it is potentially possible for a single parent of two to make more than minimum wage for at least one year? Yeah, our welfare system does do that. The standard of living, however for a family on welfare is not high. Living off welfare is possible, but not fun. Are we talking about abuses of the welfare system? Yeah, those occur too. I would think that these topics are far less stimulating than discussions of productive change.