Much of the area I live in in the Midwest was settled by Scandinavians fleeing religious oppression, Japan is an outlier in many cultural ways but also had a lot of religious oppression, officially granting freedom in the mid 20th C
"
The Japan Militant Atheists Alliance (
Nihon Sentoteki Mushinronsha Domei, also known as
Senmu) was founded in September 1931 by a group of
antireligious people. The alliance opposed the idea of
kokutai, the nation's
founding myth, the presence of religion in public education, and the practice of
State Shinto. Their greatest opposition was towards the
imperial system of Japan.
[63]
Two months later, in November 1931, socialist Toshihiko Sakai and Communist Takatsu Seido created the Japan Anti-religion Alliance (
Nihon Hanshukyo Domei). They opposed "contributions to religious organizations, prayers for practical benefits (kito), preaching in factories, and the religious organizations of all stripes" and viewed religion as a tool used by the upper class to suppress laborers and farmers.
[63]
most of the church in Europe is state run in one way or another, interestingly "A bill passed in 2016 and effective as of 1 January 2017 created the Church of Norway as an independent legal entity"
According to Gallup, atheism is 26% in Norway, the least religious country in Europe yes
But as religious freedom returns, faith does also, just as in Russia, and China and hopefully one day N Korea
church membership 2009 -2013 in Norway
Catholic church +111%
Orthodox +69%
total growth of all religions= 5.3%