Sure, let's start with Islam's understanding of Jesus Christ. Does Islam believe Jesus Christ is God in the flesh who died and rose again? I have read parts of the Quran, but understanding Christianity in greater depth. Therefore, it is easier to contrast Islam with Christianity for me. I hope that is okay.
No problem
We believe that Jesus Christ was a great messenger sent to the people of Israel to guide them to the truth. We believe he was a human being - but not God or son of God just like all the other prophets before him.
We also believe that Jesus Christ rose to heaven and he will return back again to Earth where he will fight the false messiah before dying like any other human being.
There are many surahs in the Qur'an that speak about Jesus Christ. You can read the first verses of surah of 'Mary'. Here are they. They are self-explanatory:
1Kaf. Ha. Ya. 'Ain. Sad. 2(This is) a recital of the Mercy of thy Lord to His servant Zakariya. 3Behold! he cried to his Lord in secret, 4Praying: "O my Lord! infirm indeed are my bones, and the hair of my head doth glisten with grey: but never am I unblest, O my Lord, in my prayer to Thee! 5"Now I fear (what) my relatives (and colleagues) (will do) after me: but my wife is barren: so give me an heir as from Thyself,- 6"(One that) will (truly) represent me, and represent the posterity of Jacob; and make him, O my Lord! one with whom Thou art well-pleased!" 7(His prayer was answered): "O Zakariya! We give thee good news of a son: His name shall be Yahya: on none by that name have We conferred distinction before." 8He said: "O my Lord! How shall I have a son, when my wife is barren and I have grown quite decrepit from old age?" 9He said: "So (it will be) thy Lord saith, 'that is easy for Me: I did indeed create thee before, when thou hadst been nothing!'" 10(Zakariya) said: "O my Lord! give me a Sign." "Thy Sign," was the answer, "Shall be that thou shalt speak to no man for three nights, although thou art not dumb." 11So Zakariya came out to his people from him chamber: He told them by signs to celebrate Allah.s praises in the morning and in the evening. 12(To his son came the command): "O Yahya! take hold of the Book with might": and We gave him Wisdom even as a youth, 13And piety (for all creatures) as from Us, and purity: He was devout, 14And kind to his parents, and he was not overbearing or rebellious. 15So Peace on him the day he was born, the day that he dies, and the day that he will be raised up to life (again)! 16Relate in the Book (the story of) Mary, when she withdrew from her family to a place in the East. 17She placed a screen (to screen herself) from them; then We sent her our angel, and he appeared before her as a man in all respects. 18She said: "I seek refuge from thee to ((Allah)) Most Gracious: (come not near) if thou dost fear Allah." 19He said: "Nay, I am only a messenger from thy Lord, (to announce) to thee the gift of a holy son. 20She said: "How shall I have a son, seeing that no man has touched me, and I am not unchaste?" 21He said: "So (it will be): Thy Lord saith, 'that is easy for Me: and (We wish) to appoint him as a Sign unto men and a Mercy from Us':It is a matter (so) decreed." 22So she conceived him, and she retired with him to a remote place. 23And the pains of childbirth drove her to the trunk of a palm-tree: She cried (in her anguish): "Ah! would that I had died before this! would that I had been a thing forgotten and out of sight!" 24But (a voice) cried to her from beneath the (palm-tree): "Grieve not! for thy Lord hath provided a rivulet beneath thee; 25"And shake towards thyself the trunk of the palm-tree: It will let fall fresh ripe dates upon thee. 26"So eat and drink and cool (thine) eye. And if thou dost see any man, say, 'I have vowed a fast to ((Allah)) Most Gracious, and this day will I enter into not talk with any human being'" 27At length she brought the (babe) to her people, carrying him (in her arms). They said: "O Mary! truly an amazing thing hast thou brought! 28"O sister of Aaron! Thy father was not a man of evil, nor thy mother a woman unchaste!" 29But she pointed to the babe. They said: "How can we talk to one who is a child in the cradle?" 30He said: "I am indeed a servant of Allah. He hath given me revelation and made me a prophet; 31"And He hath made me blessed wheresoever I be, and hath enjoined on me Prayer and Charity as long as I live; 32"(He) hath made me kind to my mother, and not overbearing or miserable; 33"So peace is on me the day I was born, the day that I die, and the day that I shall be raised up to life (again)"! 34Such (was) Jesus the son of Mary: (it is) a statement of truth, about which they (vainly) dispute. 35It is not befitting to (the majesty of) Allah that He should beget a son. Glory be to Him! when He determines a matter, He only says to it, "Be", and it is. 36Verily Allah is my Lord and your Lord: Him therefore serve ye: this is a Way that is straight. 37But the sects differ among themselves: and woe to the unbelievers because of the (coming) Judgment of a Momentous Day! 38How plainly will they see and hear, the Day that they will appear before Us! but the unjust today are in error manifest! 39But warn them of the Day of Distress, when the matter will be determined: for (behold,) they are negligent and they do not believe! 40It is We Who will inherit the earth, and all beings thereon: to Us will they all be returned.