Yes, according to Genesis 2:17 Adam did have the concept of what was evil because Adam was told in advance if he broke the law he would ' die ', so the evil was or the bad was: death. ( eat the forbidden fruit and you will die )
That doesn't make any sense.
We do know that Adam and Eve were intelligent - they could speak whatever language God and Satan (the serpent) were speaking.
And they understood various things like how to "dress and keep" the Garden - and I'm sure they understood other important facts that they would need for when they entered into mortality.
But - they didn't have a Knowledge of Good and Evil. They just didn't.
Telling a young child - before they have reached the age of accountability where they can discern Good from Evil - that something was "bad" does not mean they understand what Good and Evil are.
All they know is that you told them that something was "bad" - they cannot understand it on any other level - not yet - because they are not yet accountable.
Eve - for example - understood the commandment not to eat the Fruit - because she heard it from Adam - but she had no understanding of deception.
She had knowledge of the commandment - but no Knowledge of Good and Evil.
All Adam knew after this is that Eve - the woman God had given to her and commanded him to multiply with - had partaken of the Fruit - and would therefore "die".
So - in order to remain with her - he also partook of the Fruit.
He made a decision based on two conflicting commandments - to not partake and to remain with Eve - yet he could not use the tool of Knowledge of Good and Evil to make that decision.
And if death is "evil" - why is God placing this "Evil" thing upon all of Mankind?
Does not the Bible teach that God holds people responsible for their own sins and not the sins of their parents?
Death is not evil.
Adam could 'step on a bug' and easily see what death was.
The Bible teaches that death entered into the world due to the Fall of Adam.
I don't know exactly what would have happened to a bug that Adam had stepped on the Garden - but before he had partaken of the Fruit - that bug would not have died.
The Earth had not yet entered into mortality. There was no sin or death. No spiritual or physical death.
Not until Adam and Eve partook of the Fruit and entered into mortality.
It is entirely possible - or likely - that Adam didn't have any real understanding of the concept of death.
Sorta like telling a young child not to cross the street because they could get hit by a car and get hurt or die - they understand that you don't want them to do it - but they cannot fully grasp the consequences of that action.
Little children don't understand death because they lack accountability and do not have a Knowledge of Good and Evil.