The 12 Successors to Mohammad (s) in Quran and the Mahdi being the 12th Successor.

[InvestigateTruth]

However, if you see the actually hadiths, none of them state Hawraniyoon (disciples) were that status.

That's true, but also as per Quran, Hawwarioun are Helpers of God (انصارالله)

"....قَالَ ٱلۡحَوَارِیُّونَ نَحۡنُ أَنصَارُ ٱللَّهِ....."
3:52.

It seems, the Hawwarioun have a special position in the view of the Quran.

They may not have the same station as Shia Imams, in the same way that Captains of Moses did not have the same station as Shia Imams.

Still, the number of Hawwarioun is 12, and I dont believe this is coincidental. The point is, in Islam, the 12 are known mostly as Imams, but for Moses, the Twelve are known as Captains and Nabis, and for Jesus, His 12, are known as Apostles, and Helpers of God.

 

[InvestigateTruth]

I see how you can interpret like you said that the comparison is to disciples, but it can also be interpreted that their guardianship over people is compared with the guardianship of Jesus (a) with the disciples, and that they are each guardians over their people same way Jesus (a) was guardian over the disciples.

This could be very well the case too.

It could be that Jesus is the 12th captain of Moses, and still, the Hawwarioun be the 12 apostles of Jesus. Jesus could have several stations. In one hand, He is the Messiah of the Jews, but also He is a Messenger, a Prophet with a different Revelation or Book than Moses.

In the same way, Abraham had Multiple stations:

علي بن محمد، عن سهل بن زياد، عن محمد بن الحسين، عن إسحاق بن عبد العزيز أبي السفاتج (3)، عن جابر، عن أبي جعفر عليه السلام قال: سمعته يقول:

إن الله اتخذ إبراهيم عبدا قبل أن يتخذه نبيا واتخذه نبيا قبل أن يتخذه رسولا واتخذه رسولا قبل أن يتخذه خليلا واتخذه خليلا قبل أن يتخذه إماما فلما جمع له هذه الأشياء - وقبض يده - (4) قال له: يا إبراهيم إني جاعلك للناس إماما، فمن عظمها في عين إبراهيم عليه السلام قال: يا رب ومن ذريتي، قال: لا ينال عهدي الظالمين.

الكافي - الشيخ الكليني - ج ١ - الصفحة ١٧٥

shiaonlinelibrary.com

God appointed Abraham first as a Servant, then appointed Him as a Nabi, then appointed Him as a Rasoul, then appointed Him as an Imam, and finally appointed Him as Frind of God.
Jesus, was first appointed as the Messiah of Jews to teach Torah, then, He was appointed as a New Messenger, with the Revelation of the Gospel.

So, is the station of the Bab. He is first the 12th Imam, then He was appointed as a Nabi and Reaoul, and the Manifestation of God. But He was one of the 24 Elderly of Baha'u'llah.