Any held belief that cannot be supported by facts is called a superstition.
Superstitions aren't always fictitious nor are they always wrong. Just to prove they are real and right takes some justification; and, because there are none, that is the only reason why it's called a superstition.
It's not a bad word.
For example, I don't schedule anything more than a week in advance if that. Every single time I do 100 percent of the time something happens and I have to reschedule.
I am superstitious in that I believe the time I schedule my appointments affects whether or not my appointments would be canceled. If I don't listen to my "voice of reason" (what some call god and others call gut) something always goes wrong.
So, there is nothing wrong with my superstition even though it isn't based on reality. It is how I experience life and because I cannot support how time has anything to do with whether or not an schedule appointment won't be canceled, it is called a superstitious belief.
I call it a fact. That's me based on my experience. But by definition, it is not a fact because I cannot prove it. It's a belief. It can't be proven one way or another.
So if someone wants to call me superstitious, so be. But at least I don't spend two or three hours on bus and metro going to a two week ahead schedule appointment to realize the doctor I needed to see is sick but later I found I could have scheduled it the next day in my area when he was doing just fine.
It is what it is. People use belief, faith, religion, superstition, spirituality, interchangeably. But unless you can support it by facts, it is what it is.