At the same time, scientists do describe proving hypotheses or proving theories. For example:
"Given the size of vertebrate genomes (>1 × 10^9 bp) and the random nature of retroviral integration (22, 23), multiple integrations (and subsequent fixation) of ERV loci at precisely the same...
So what are the DNA differences responsible for these physical differences, and why do you think random mutations could not produce them?
Would you agree that the mental differences between humans and chimps is due to differences in DNA sequence?
The common ancestor of humans and chimps was a primate. We are still primates.
The common ancestor of humans and bears was a mammal. We are still mammals.
The common ancestor of humans and trout was a vertebrate. We are still vertebrates.
See a pattern? You don't evolve out of your...
Just as we should observe if evolution is true.
What does this have to do with the observation that mutations are random with respect to fitness? The bacteria did not create these mutations in response to antibiotics and bacteriophage which is why mutations are said to be random.
How are we not observing random mutations occurring right now in human populations?
Why do you think chimps and humans are different from each other? Is it because of the differences in DNA between their genomes?
That claim is begging for a reference.
The papers I have read state quite clearly that mutations are random with respect to fitness. In fact, Salvador Luria won a Nobel prize in part because of his work demonstrating the random nature of mutation. You can read the classic Luria and Delbruck...
We directly observe that the genetic differences between chimps and humans are responsible for the physical differences between those species. We also directly observe that the mutations occurring human genomes match the pattern of mutations that separate chimps and humans, so we have very...
There is DNA that copies itself and then inserts those copies elsewhere in the genome. These are called transposons. A few may end up close to genes and alter gene expression, but the vast majority of transposon insertions are simply selfish DNA whose sole function is to make more copies of...
That was never the case.
That's not what is going on. We understand what is happening in DNA which is why we conclude that it is junk. We know that transposons copy themselves and produce new copies in the genome. They are junk. We know that genes which are no longer needed accumulate...
Luckily, nature has already done the experiment for us. The bladderwort genome is just 83 million bases large, but it has about the same gene content as the human genome which is 3,000 million bases large. The bladderwort genome is thought to be more than 95% functional with little to no junk...
There are studies where they sequence the genomes of parents and their offspring to find new mutations in offspring.
Mutation of the DNA molecule is one of the most fundamental processes in biology. In this study, we use 283 parent-offspring trios to estimate the rate of mutation for both...