People tend to complicate things, but the concept of inteligetn design (as proposed by Behe, Demski and many others) is very simple and easy to understand.
The theory of ID is based on 2 premises
1 Intelligent design is detectable: there are objective ways to detect design, this is uncontroversial; for example forensic scientists, archeologists, fire experts, detectives, cryptographers, and many other professionals detect design all the time. For example If we go to another planet and find something that looks like pyramids there would be an objective way to determine if they where design or not. And one could (in principle) conclude that these pyramids where intelligently design even if nobody knows who the designer, or where did it come from, or “who created the designer” the answer to those question could simply be “I don’t know”
2 if we apply those objective methods to living things, we would infer design: If we look at living things at apply the same methods that we already know that are reliable, to detect design, we would infer that life was designed by an intelligent designer (even if we might not know who the designer is, or were did he come from)
The objective method that Dembski and others propose is “specified complexity” something is specified and complex if:
1 it has many parts (or units)…. For example a book has many letters
2 they are organized in a pattern…..for example the letters are organized in such a way in which they produce meaningful words and sentences
3 the pattern is independent from the forces of nature: …. For example there is no a law (or principle) in nature that forces “ink” and “paper” to produce meaningful letters words and sentences.
Something requires all (1,2 and 3) in order to call it “specified complexity”
The argument is that life is specified and complex
even the simplest life forms would require many amino acids (1) organized in a very specific order and pattern (2) and nothing in nature forces the amino acids to organize themselves in such a way that they would produce functional self replicating “things”
*For simplicity lets define life as: something organic that can reproduce.
In my experience those who deny ID don’t really present an argument, and usually they don’t spot their point of disagreement, they simply troll and call ID “creationism with another name” instead of providing an actual argument.
I do believe physical life required creativity, but the arrangement of amino acids
may be the wrong place to look for it. That seems to suggest the atoms themselves formed naturally, and were then arranged into life as an afterthought.
Atoms do self-arrange based on their equivalent of the densities of liquids in your analogy (atomic weight/number of electrons, etc.) -but only under the right conditions.
Apparently, there is evidence to suggest complex biomolecules are being formed all over the place in space.
It may be necessary to consider the universe as a whole -compare it to pre-universe conditions -and whether the universe itself could have self-arranged into the singularity from pre-singularity stuff -which
then extracted into essentially an automated life and environment factory.
That which now exists is logically the same stuff in a different arrangement, so we may have all the evidence we need.
In other words, the basic design and work may have taken place in a pre-physical-universe environment -atoms, etc., being the letters forming words written on pre-universe paper.
It is also true that any work of a designer of such capability also happening now might be very difficult to distinguish from natural processes (simply willing one celestial body to smash into another, as a simple example).
At
some point, however, self-awareness, intelligence and creativity necessarily self-arranged.
Even an eternal, overall creator could not be responsible for that which made possible its own basic existence. In other words,
original self-awareness, intelligence and creativity necessarily occurs naturally at some point -increasingly allowing for self-determination and the otherwise-unnatural, but can also be reproduced by decision.
We know absolutely that we are capable of creating otherwise-impossible arrangements and processes (there is absolutely no possibility of a '71 Ford truck flying through space or appearing on earth as a result of natural processes, for example) on our level -and we could also set in motion an otherwise-impossible automated process which might seem completely natural to another in our absence -unless enough is known about the
most basic nature of all things. There is no reason to believe this is not true on any level -even an all-inclusive level.
A designer is capable of reproducing natural processes which may not readily indicate its activity, but a designer is most evident when it produces something purposeful to itself or another -something only a self could use and produce which is self-apparently so -and tells something of the nature of the designer or another for whom it is intended.
The universe is very much indicative of such -chock full of it -but that is not likely to satisfy many -at least not at this point.