That is excellent Valjean: our dharma comes from the particular blend of sattvic, rajasic or tamasic gunas that we are constituted by, and we act accordingly.
I really have no idea of the mechanisms of dharma, or of consciousness, either. These are questions of theoretical physics, and I don't know of any physicists studying this. I probably wouldn't understand it even if we did have answers.
When someone else tells us what to do it means that we are transcending our innnate qualities of dharma. This happens when we are either forced to listen to others as in a job or willingly do so out of respect for a guru. The greatest guru or jagadguru is God that we can transcend to and let Him modify our innate dharma in whatever way He pleases or thinks right for us. Transcending innate dharma comes from surrendering to an employer, a guru or God Himself.
This is not my understanding of transcendence.
Transcendence occurs when dharma no longer applies to you; when you're no longer a part of this world.
Keep in mind, you're dreaming this world, just as you were dreaming another world last night. Dharma only applies to the world you're subjectively experiencing.
Eg: when you wake from sleep you
transcend your dreaming reality. You're no longer the person you dreamed yourself to be, and the situations and interactions in your dream become as insubstantial as smoke.
Waking state is just another level of dream, and the goal of all these yogas and spiritual observances is to alter or shock your brain into "waking up" into the next stage of consciousness -- at which point the world and situations we presently perceive as 'real' will be revealed to be just as illusory as last night's dream.
Once we wake to this next stage of consciousness we've
transcended our dharma. Dharma involves our relationship to our current dream world. Once the dream world is gone; once we wake up, dharma becomes moot.
Doing things as one pleases means that we are exhibiting our dharma precisely.
I know they say that doing one's dharma is "going with the flow," and that it's supposed to be the most effortless path through life. I'm skeptical, though. It seems like it's the people who discipline themselves and undertake difficult yogic practices who are most likely to shake themselves awake.
I haven't seen any statistical studies of this, though, so this is just speculation.