The empiricist is aware of only one path to knowledge, critical thought, the valid application of reason to evidence. By knowledge, I mean the collection of correct ideas one hold, and I define correct as the ability of an idea to accurately predict outcomes. If we apply valid reasoning to experience, we can generalize up to a rule (induction) that can then be used to predict future outcomes, which is also confirmed empirically when these outcomes come to pass. In this way, man went to the moon and back. Outcomes. The science and engineering involved were correct and can be added to the fund of knowledge because they are able to do what I just described. No other method can. Not casting star charts, not using Ouija boards, not using prayer(which doesn't seem to generate desired outcomes), not by using holy books making claims that can't be confirmed - not by any other method offered as a path to truth and knowledge, all of which I call faith. Any method that yield unjustified belief can be grouped with all others by that metric - generating correct (useful) ideas.
The critical thinker is always aware that he could be wrong in any given application of it, but he can be assured that he is not wrong to go to that method and no other for answers. It's empirically demonstrable that that is the case.
By this reckoning and using those criteria for correctness, we have reasoning on one side of the line and everything else on the other. So yes, the (relative) primacy of reason over unjustified belief is established.
Science tells us why we exist. A small, dense, hot substance began expanding, organized itself into galaxies of solar systems, where life and then mind arose according to various laws of physics, chemistry, and biology. In the case of the individual, he exists because of a reproductive act in the previous generation.
You probably mean that science can't answer deep philosophical problems such as why anything at all exists, and I would agree. You probably think that religion can and does, but I do not consider the faith-based speculation of religion correct answers, just guesses that really answer nothing.
No, and we do not look to it for that. Once again, religion seems to have nothing to offer there. What do we get from the religions? If everybody would just love another as Jesus commands, this would be a better world. That's useless. Secular humanism does better. It has already done more for the world and to improve the human condition in a few centuries than the religions have done in millennia. Who are the ones despoiling the land using the fruits of science? Not scientists, and not secular humanists. The problem lies elsewhere, with people not sharing humanist values, which includes the faithful:
- "We don't have to protect the environment, the Second Coming is at hand" - James Watt, Secretary of the Interior under Reagan (note his position ad responsibilities)
- "My point is, God's still up there. The arrogance of people to think that we, human beings, would be able to change what He is doing in the climate is to me outrageous." - Sen. Inhofe, R-Okla
- "The Earth will end only when God declares it's time to be over. Man will not destroy this Earth. This Earth will not be destroyed by a flood. . . . I do believe God's word is infallible, unchanging, perfect." - Rep John Shimkus, R-Ill
Secular humanists will tell you that Christians like these are a large part of the problem.
An interesting way to phrase it - investment. I assume that you mean your investment into Trailblazer's education. I think of this activity as an investment in promoting certain values. I do it for myself to help clarify and organize my thoughts, but also for anybody that can track a reasoned argument. Not that they need convincing, but I find value in making explicit what other might agree with but have never thought about, such as the words on rebuttal versus other forms of dissent.
I benefit from your words as well as those from other critical thinkers. I believe that most such people agree with one another by virtue of using a prescribed, constrained manner of thought that directs one to those ideas, but we each choose different aspects of the claims and arguments presented and use different language. I like sharing my opinions in the hope that they will suggest new ways to make old arguments for those who see merit in them. And I benefit from others when they choose an approach I hadn't considered.
Agree. I group all of these paths together. They all lead to unjustified belief.