Jollybear
Hey
A fish born with two heads would be an example of a bad mutation.
Ok, very good.
A good mutation is anything that helps the fish survive and outdo it's competition. A sleeker body, better eyesight, a pouching in it's GI tract that allowed it to continue supplying its bloodstream with oxygen even when it was out of water. All of these would qualify as good mutations.
Ok, and is there any downside to this good mutation? Is there any downside to having a sleeker body? Moving faster in the water may make them hit something harder if they happen to crash. So how is that good?
This is hard to put simply because it isn't a simple subject.
Genes are the instructions for building a living thing. When an animal reproduces, its own genetic "instructions" are copied and passed down to the new generation. However the copies are not always perfect. When the genetic instructions are flawed, that is a mutation, and thus the new generation will be different from the previous.
Since the new instructions are flawed, the new animal will be built in a different way than its parent. The nature of the difference depends on the mutation. Most mutations are neutral and don't affect the animal one way or another. Some mutations are harmful and, if the effects are severe enough, the animal will die before it can reproduce. The mutations that help the animal survive are the ones most likely to be passed down.
In the case of our fish, mutations which help them breathe out of water will be the most likely to survive. If one fish's capillaries are closer to the skin then it might make cutaneous air breathing easier for that fish and he could spend more time out of water than his competitors.
Even if a good mutation happens, the fish is still a fish. All we ever see is it still being a fish.
No, and I just explained why. The evolutionary process has no limit. Given enough time It can depart in endless ways from a parent's original form.
For one, you cannot prove “enough time” like billions of years, which macro evolution needs. And secondly even if it was billions of years, STILL macro evolution would not happen. There are things in the fossil record like (let me job my memory here) bats, those bat fossils are so called millions of years (let’s assume millions of years is correct for the moment) well they are still bats today, therefore that mutation going on all that time DID NOT CHANGE them, they are still bats. And there are many other animals like that in the fossil record.
If we take the fish that we started with and put her next to her offspring and then that fish next to its offspring and so on and so on until we reach our land animal, you'll find that, at no point in the line did one animal give birth to something entirely new, it's simply that the gradual changes in each generation slowly added up until the form we ended up with looked nothing like our original form.
That is macroevolution. The slow build up of gradual changes.
I understand, but there are a few things going against this. First is in the fossil record the bats mutations kept them bats over millions of years, why? Secondly, there are huge gaps in the fossil record, why? Do you believe in punctuated equilibrium, which is macro evolution happening at spurts in time very fast? How can macro evolution happen that fast? Thirdly I still don’t see how “good” mutations are good in themselves, yes good may come from it, just like disasters, good can come from it, but it’s not good in itself. Good can come from a lot of bad things, but that does not make the bad thing good in itself.
For them to change from one form to another, the information in the DNA would simply have to change. Mutation does this. It can add information and it can take information away.
What is the origin of information in DNA?
First off, how do you define complex? Complexity is in the eye of the beholder, so I must ask, complex how?
Complexity is derived of VITAL parts and non vital parts, and all those parts make up a complex machine or organism. All that complexity or those parts make the thing function. Take out one vital part and the organism won’t function or live.
So, no, complexity is not in the eye of the beholder, complexity is based on vital parts. Pretty is in the eye of the beholder, but not complexity. But then, even pretty is not COMPLETELY in the eye of the beholder either.
That's a non-sequitur. Complexity in no way implies design. There are many complex things we know of that are not designed.
There are many things you KNOW that are not designed? I thought you take the “I don’t know” position? Secondly, tell me one of those things that you “KNOW” are not designed? Not a long list either (I need spoon feeding, thanks). Just one for now.
Irrelevant. A river isn't goal-oriented but it carves the canyon just the same.
Irrelevant. The canyon is complex BEFORE the river carves it, and the river is complex, before it carves the canyon. So what I said, still stands
“chance cannot design or cause complex stuff to come to be because first, chance is not goal oriented”
You're confusing chance with god.
I don’t see how?