What limits are there in consciousness?
Perhaps rephrased as: what limit is there, to what you can focus awareness on?
To what extent is consciousness an input/output process? (information in, focus of awareness out - and do these two depend on each other?)
I personally feel as though these questions reflect a very similar mindset to mine with regard to "self-awareness".
I'll offer my thoughts on the answers. Hopefully, it will result in further discussion of these specific questions.
To begin, I'll define my take on the "characteristic" that seems to be the central focus of discussion, regardless of label. To me that characteristic can be defined as the capacity to direct (or steer) thought (i.e. the capacity to command the application of logic and rationale, the ability to subjectively categorize and judge the values of perceptions, the capacity to conceive through abstract thought, etc.).
I believe that this characteristic is the product of reactions and exchanges of energy between matter, neural synapses. So, the limits? I believe the limits are two-fold.
First, "consciousness" is limited to the reaction and energy exchange between matter. As long as the synapses are taking place, the potential for consciousness is present. To realize that potential, there are very specific reactions and energy exchanges required, all working in concert. For example, an individual will experience "normal" consciousness when sober. But, introduction of a host of different chemicals may lessen, or in some cases enhance, that capacity to command and direct thought processes. Additionally, I believe meditation and/or sensory deprivation may lead to a sense of enlightenment by concentrating the individual's available capacity to specific thought processes. In the end, all still dependent of the reactions and energy exchanges between matter.
Second, I believe that compiled information defines the arena for consciousness. I say arena, because "bounds" would seem to imply a defined limit. I don't think that's the case. I believe new conception, born of abstract thought processes, constantly push the "bounds" of consciousness outward. Those new conceptions add to the information possessed by an entity that has capacity for consciousness. Together with all other stored information from thought applied to perception, the arena is defined, from which, to expand outward. So the limits for consciousness, or the command of thought processes, is defined at any given time by the arena available to that command.
I hope that made sense. Thoughts?