1. To only eat animals that chew their cud and have split hooves.
2. To only eat non-predatory birds. Because that's almost impossible to determine, we only eat birds that we have a tradition to eat.
3. To only eat fish that have scales (and by extension, fins).
4. To only eat beef and poultry that has been ritually slaughtered and prepared (soaked and salted within three days)
5. To only eat beef and poultry that are not wounded in such a way as that they would die within 12 months.
6. Not to eat part of an animal that is still alive.
7. Not to eat blood. This excludes the blood that remains after meat has been ritually soaked and salted or liver that has been roasted.
8. Not to eat insect, arachnids, worms or any of that stuff, that are big enough to be seen with the naked eye. Four types of grasshoppers are the exception.
9. Not to do anything that is dangerous to health (including consuming dangerous or suspected of being dangerous foods). This also includes eating fish and meat together or that had been cooked together. And eating onions or eggs that were completely peeled and left over night.
10. Not to eat the sciatic nerve of an animal.
11. Not to eat certain animal fats that were meant to be brought on the altar.
12. Not to eat milk and meat together. In practice that can include anything from rinsing one's mouth to waiting 6 hours depending on the food and custom. That also includes using utensils previously used for one with the other.
13. To eat three meals with (at least half an ounce of) bread on the Sabbath and two meals for each day of Holiday.
14. To become intoxicated on Purim (some authorities allow one to take a nap instead).
15. Not to drink wine from an opened container that was touched by a non-Sabbath-keeping Jew.
16. Not to eat bread that was baked by a non-Sabbath-keeping Jew (to one extent or another).
17. Not to eat food that was cooked by a non-Sabbath-keeping Jew (unless a Sabbath-keeping Jew had some hand in the cooking).
18. Not to drink milk that was not milked (or supervised) by a Sabbath-keeping Jew.
19. Not to eat wheat, barely, oat, rye or spelt that took root after the second day of Passover, until the following year's second day of Passover.
20. Not to eat the fruit of a tree or vine during its first three years.
21. Not to eat produce and grain from Israel whose gifts and tithes were not separated.
22. Not to eat Jewish owned bread which did not have the priestly gift removed from it.
There's also many important customs: eating fish and meat/poultry during the Sabbath meals and meat and wine at Holiday meals, bread dipped in ashes and eggs on the eve of the Fast of the 9th of Av, dairy on the Festival of Weeks, honey between the New Year and the Eighth day of Assembly, etc.
tl;dr
Yes, we have a few.
There's different reasons. Celebratory, remembrances, to help prevent intermarriage, health reasons, and other reasons.