I just want to say that I'm enjoying our conversation, which is exactly the sort of thing I hoped to get out of RF, and your arguments are some of the most coherent and logical I've seen from a theist.
No, it's saying that we cannot attribute existence to it.
The reason we cannot is because it implies that our concept of existence exists external to God, which it does not.
Back up. Don't jump to the reason. Let's imagine we're having a very odd, stilted conversation about something that we're not sure whether it's real, like a bacteria or black hole or something, and I ask, "Can you attribute existence to it?" If you say, "Yes," aren't you just saying that it exists? Isn't attributing existence to something just the same as saying it exists? So you're sort of saying, "God exists, but we can't say so?"
Incorrect. If the universe were infinitely old and developing all the while then we would be infinitely advanced.
No, your conclusion doesn't follow. The universe is changing. That doesn't mean it's necessarily getting better and better. It's just changing all the time, and this is in fact what we observe.
The only explanation you could come up with is that:
1. The universe is eternal and the changes are cyclical in nature.
This is in fact a currently respected, if not mainstream, theory in physics. The universe is eternal and cyclical. Some call it The Big Bounce. I really don't get physics very well, but it's something about the universe expanding till it slows down and stops, when it contracts back into the singularity, when it Big Bangs again, over and over, for eternity.
That's just one of the eternal universe theories being bandied about these days.
2. The universe is eternal and we are infinitely advancing and will never reach a point where we can no longer advance. I would agree with that view. But I think it would be a matter semantics and would consider the "universe" to be God in that case.
I just don't think you can equate "change" or even "expand" with advance. What you're saying is that the sum total of all the matter/energy in the universe has always been here in one form or another, and just constantly changes and rearranges. And that looks like it might be the case.
Anyway, if universe = God, we don't need a separate word for God, do we? And it seems unlikely that the universe commanded us not to trim the edges of our beards, or to build houses without parapets, doesn't it? I don't think most people mean "the universe" when they say "God." "Blessed be the universe, which has commanded us..." "I, thy universe, am a jealous universe..." I don't think so.
But see, that doesn't go against the idea of a God. All I'm saying is that whatever the first always-existing thing is, that thing is God. You're right, we don't know and cannot say that we know. The fact that we don't know is not evidence for or against its existence.
I agree with this. Sounds like you've progressed to agnosticism.
All I'm saying that logically speaking, there is an eternal thing that caused non-eternal things to be.
Not quite. There is something that caused non-eternal things to be. It may itself have been non-eternal. It could have been a cosmic accident, we don't know.
At some point you MUST conclude that there is an eternal first cause (because we know we are temporary). For Jews that first cause is God.
Now this is the part where you don't even try for logic. Jews believe this because we're Jews. What? Because I'm born into a certain tribe, the world is a certain way, or I have to believe it's a certain way, whether it is or not?
This is a bit personal for me. I was born into the tribe of Jews, but I don't feel constrained to believe anything in particular because of that accident. The universe is as it actually is, and this is my only chance to figure out to the best of my ability what, how, and why it is, using my Jewish brain. The last thing I want to do is assume my conclusion, and cheat myself out of using evidence and logic.
There is no evidence on the matter of the first eternal cause thing's involvement. There is nothing (objective and replicable) to suggest that it is involved and there is nothing to suggest that it isn't. The only way you could say that the evidence for a non-sentient initial cause is to assume:
1. The first eternal thing isn't sentient.
2. If it were, we'd know what that would look like.
3. Even if we could know what it would look like, it wouldn't stop us from knowing.
and there is absolutely no way to know any of those things. The ultimate answer is that we do not know.
There you go--agnosticism again.
And for me, agnosticism is just the functional equivalent of atheism. What I mean is, agnosticism is more than just not knowing, it's an assertion that we cannot know. And if God, by nature, cannot be known, then to me that's the functional equivalent of non-existence. A thing that cannot be known is, for all intents and purposes in my life, a thing that functionally either doesn't exist, or may as well no exist.
If the first eternal cause thing is not sentient or involved, then ultimately your life only has the purpose you give it.
If it has a purpose at all.
If the first eternal cause thing is sentient and involved, then presumably it gives us a purpose.
Doesn't follow. If we are created, which seems extremely unlikely, it could have been for no purpose at all. We may be an accidental by-product of whatever the Creator was actually working on, the cosmic equivalent of static.
We believe that it is God and that it is both sentient and involved and that it has a purpose for us.
The fact that you believe something is not an argument in favor of it. People believe all sorts of silly things, as I'm sure you'll agree.
However, even if we're wrong, then life only has the amount of purpose we give it, and that purpose (for us) is that of serving God as we perceive Him to be.
A purpose of serving a non-existent entity, or an entity you cannot know to exist, seems like a colossal waste of your life.
The whole argument of whether or not there is a God, to me, seems to be nothing more than a dispute over whether or not the eternal-thing-that-always-existed-before-all-of-us-non-eternal-things came along is sentient or isn't sentient.
Assuming there is one, which we don't know.
Again, kudos, at least you've thought about these hard questions using evidence and logic. What I usually--well, almost always find with apologetics is:
1. Circular argument.
2. Special pleading.
3. Factual errors.
While I don't agree with your argument, I do not find it filled with these fallacies and inaccuracies, which is refreshing. I just think you assume things that we don't know.