Sapiens
Polymathematician
What is it going to take to get you guys to understand what a theory is? We're getting into the realm of willful ignorance.I don't agree when you say "evolution has been proven". What aspect of the theory was proven? I don't believe the missing link for the ape like creature was ever found, let alone the long route (with no evidence) from the common ancestor (about 4 billion years ago) to the ape-man. The evolution stays a theory not a fact, with significant challenges and doubts by hundreds of scientists.
Nice try, attempting to hide out in the semantic slip stream ... it doesn't wash. You have a right to your own opinion but not to your own facts or to private and selfserving definitions.--(OurCreed, Creationism is defined however a person defines it. In my eyes, evolution is simply a part of creationism.)--
Then explain the coccyx and the recurrent laryngeal nerve.Creationism is simply a claim of intelligent design for every thing in existence including the entire universe. It's totally illogical when people claim that there no evidence for intelligent design. Let me ask you, what would be an evidence for intelligent design??? Simply ""intelligent design"" or in another word examples of intelligent design. Can we find examples of intelligent design in our universe? Absolutely yes. In fact every thing around us even the entire universe itself is an example of extremely perfect intelligent design.
Not ignored for one reason or another, examined and dismissed for cause.Scientific observations proved that our universe is an extremely accurate design to an extent that can't be imagined. What would be a logical interpretation of these observations??? Very simple, our entire world is an intelligent design by an extremely intelligent designer.
{/quote]At a minimum that collides violently with parsimony.
Science is claimed to dependent on observations and data but when it comes to intelligent design, all compelling examples and data are simply ignored for one reason or another.
Then please specify the limits, and stop thinking solely in terms of survival. Survival is a binary if you are not equipped to survive you die. Evolution is based on fitness, two organisms with differnt fitness can both survive.I don' t see a contradiction with respect to the fact that an intelligent design is capable to adopt and evolve within specific limits. But if a creature is not equipped initially with what it needs to survive, it wouldn't have any chance of survival.
Let's talk for a moment about the evolution of flight. Let me show you how it may have happened and why your scenario of no flight on Monday, flying on Tuesday is horse pucky.For example, I don't believe at all that a need to fly will ever give a flying capability or mechanism to a creature. Unless every aspect of this creature is initially designed intelligently to fly, it will never have a chance to fly. No matter how many times you jump off the cliff, you will never grow wings. You don't have a million year to grow it. only few seconds till you hit the ground and die every single time. Similarly, if creature is not designed to breath under water, will have no chance of survival under water. It wouldn't have a million year to evolve. Only few minutes and will definitely die.
Flight has evolved, independently, at least five times: fish, insects, reptiles, birds and mammals. In each case the capability, mechanism, and selective pressure was different. There are several main hypotheses:
- To help escape from predators
- To help catch flying or speedy prey
- To help move from place to place (leaping or gliding)
- To free the hindlegs for use as weapons
- To gain access to new food sources or an unoccupied niche
Let's more to the more complex, the birds. Start out with a small cursorial feathered reptile that ran about eating insects that it grasped its's mouth and with its forelegs. Lengthened feather on its forearms would have generated increased fitness by expanding it's niche as a result of using those feather to better catch insects, especially smaller ones that otherwise would have escaped. So there is selective pressure for longer and longer feathers on its arms. Like the fish example, these small cursorial feathered reptiles could get more of a hop and even a little glide which would have further raised their fitness. Now you have all the preadaptation needed to progress to full flight: a light body, and airfoil, a warm-blooded power-plant, and a propensity for getting up off the ground that is reward by an increased food supply. Now all five of the items above come into play.
Now, this is speculative, it is not intended as a "proof" but rather as a falsification of your statement, "I don't believe at all that a need to fly will ever give a flying capability or mechanism to a creature. Unless every aspect of this creature is initially designed intelligently to fly, it will never have a chance to fly. No matter how many times you jump off the cliff, you will never grow wings." through the provision of a possible route to flight through natural selection. There are numerous and highly technical papers that discuss that actual anatomical and physiological changes with examples from the fossil record if you are inclined to look them up. John Ostrom, a prominent vertebrate paleontologist from Yale (major professor of a friend of mine Robert Bakker, who started the hot-blooded dinosaur revolution) notes of his cursorial theory, "My cursorial predator theory is in fact speculative. But the arboreal theory is also similarly speculative."
No, I would not "expect a sudden change at time of birth not a gradual change over a long period" as you do. I would expect small incremental changes, each of which confers a net selective advantage in terms of fitness of the organism. Subsequent modification of a single structure may not yield additional fitness in the same fashion, a feather that lets a bird fly will have been evolved first for warmth and dermal protection, enhanced by selective advantage in food capture and in the end permitted the soaring flight of and the helicopter acrobatics of a hummingbird.An intelligent life design depends on an extremely complex/intelligent blueprint written in its genes in every single cell. The blue prints don't change during the life span of a creature and only passed to the offsprings. If mutation happen, you would expect a sudden change at time of birth not a gradual change over a long period.
No, no, no! Cetaceans will never evolve to breathe under water because there is no series of preadaptation that will increase the oxygen level in water to support active large mammal respiration. A spinner dolphin weighing a hundred kilos, or so, needs about 1.5 liters of oxygen per minute while swimming or .64 liters per minute while resting. About 800 liters of sea water per minute (assuming 25% efficiency, which is high) would have pass through its gills. Since this is physically impossible, it would either have to evolve a slug like depressed metabolism that would make it unable to actively hunt and would leave it as an easy prey item, or it would have to evolve a gill structure of impossible magnitude.Think about the example of whales and dolphins. Its entire life is under water but never evolved to breath under water and will never do. I wonder why? Simply because it's blueprint are not written this way.