The Messiah must be a physical descendant of David (Rom. 1:3, Acts 2:30).
- Act 2:30
Therefore being a prophet, and knowing that God had sworn with an oath to him that of the fruit of his loins, according to the flesh, He would raise up Christ to sit upon his throne,
Rom 1:3
about His Son, Jesus Christ our Lord, who was made of the seed of David according to the flesh,
Yet, how could Jesus meet this requirement since his genealogies in Matt. 1 and Luke 3 show he descended from David through Joseph, who was not his natural father (the Virgin Birth)?
Yes Jesus had to be a physical descendant of David. Mark was supposedly the earliest gospel written and didn't mention virgin birth since that concept hadn't been formulated then.
The oldest manuscripts and complete NT's have been discovered which state in the genealogies that (Davidic) Joseph indeed physically fathered Jesus (even if variations appear in the genealogies like Zerubbabel's variations) and omit 'knew her not'. These early non-virgin accounts were modified in later western bibles where the concept of miraculous virgin birth was more popular than the scriptural necessity for the messiah to be a physical descendant of David.
These earliest sources easily account for why Mary herself called Joseph 'the father of Jesus' in Luke: LK 2:48 And when they saw him, they were amazed: and his mother said unto him, Son, why hast thou thus dealt with us? behold,
thy father and I have sought thee sorrowing.
These early sources also account for why the siblings of Jesus initially didn't believe in him if his parents oddly didn't disclose to them that the birth of Jesus was miraculous so they should expect Jesus to be a miracle-working rabbi/teacher.
The earliest sources also account for John's gospel discussing the human father of Jesus, rather than even alluding to any virgin birth: Joh 1:45 Philip findeth Nathanael, and saith unto him, We have found him, of whom Moses in the law, and the prophets, did write,
Jesus of Nazareth, the son of Joseph.
Sadly scripture is true that sometimes scribes write lies:
Jer 8:8 "How can you say, 'We are wise, and the law of the LORD is with us'? But behold, the lying pen of the scribes has made it into a lie.
Good link with refs on this topic is here:
Virgin Birth Issues
BTW Cleopas, Clopas & Alphaeus, are Greek, Aramaic and Hebrew equivalents of the same name, meaning 'renowned father' or 'glory of the father' (eg female form 'Cleopatra') ...and could refer to (Davidic) Joseph, which could explain why Jesus ensured he appeared to Cleopas en route to Emmaus and why the siblings of Jesus were sons of Alphaeus (James, the brother of Jesus, was 'son of Alphaeus') and why Mary was the wife of Clopas. It was dangerous to be regal Jewish during Roman occupation & not popular to be considered genetic family of Jesus now.)