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Growing Divide Between Rich and Poor

Penumbra

Veteran Member
Premium Member
No. The factor is the product of (1+i) for each year....same method as the judgement rate of interest calculation. A weighted average would be inexact.

The taxpayer's expense of calculating it would be minimal....a drop in the bucket compared to the total cost of a return.
Yes, that calculation is preferable to a weighted average.

How is i officially determined, though? It's calculated fairly regular, but then people argue that the quantitative proposal of what inflation is, isn't accurate. How do we suit such claims? What standard model do we use to calculate i that is not able to be argued with? It's easily calculated when tax policy isn't officially chained to it, but suddenly if taxation were chained to i, I bet a lot more people could argue about how to calculate i.

Sounds good to me.

Whether the form of ownership of a Schedule E business is sole proprietor, LLC, partnership or corporation, the tax rate would be the same.
So if all of a businesses activities are located in one state, or one country, and a good portion of investors are located in another state, or another country, wealth flows out from one and into the another.

It makes revenue much more volatile, because people can move around much more easily than businesses can, and sets the system up for abuse.

Lower marginal tax rates for all, eliminating income tax below some threshold (which creates progressivity), & removing barriers which are merely restraint of trade would be a good start.
What about support for education and health care?
What about the elderly and handicapped?

I oppose wealth transfer. It's a good way to create & maintain a permanent underclass of non-workers.
Then why do economic models of northern Europe beat us in most statistics? Why isn't their wealth transfer creating a permanent underclass of non-workers?

It isn't something I'd quantify.
Would your approach be to argue that there is not a problem until the system breaks?

I never said it was preferable. I just answered you question about what would happen.

Woo hoo...detente!

Note that the workers themselves are not eligible for workers compensation insurance benefits. It's only for their employees. They must buy it even if they have no employees because of legal & insurance requirements of the business who would hire the contractor. It's an expense which serves no purpose other than government say so.
Have you contacted your governor about this?
 

Revoltingest

Pragmatic Libertarian
Premium Member
How is i officially determined, though?
If you're referring the the MI Judgement Rate of Interest, it's published. (I don't know how they determine it, but it appears to reflect the CPI.)

It's calculated fairly regular, but then people argue that the quantitative proposal of what inflation is, isn't accurate. How do we suit such claims? What standard model do we use to calculate i that is not able to be argued with? It's easily calculated when tax policy isn't officially chained to it, but suddenly if taxation were chained to i, I bet a lot more people could argue about how to calculate i.
As with all things, a standard will be set, it will be argued about, but it will ideally bear some relationship with reality.

So if all of a businesses activities are located in one state, or one country, and a good portion of investors are located in another state, or another country, wealth flows out from one and into the another.
This is what happens with non-corporations. I'm OK with it.

It makes revenue much more volatile, because people can move around much more easily than businesses can, and sets the system up for abuse.
I see it as limiting governmental abuse.

What about support for education and health care?
What about the elderly and handicapped?
They would receive the same tax treatment as everyone else. I imagine that you're wondering what special assistance they'd get. I don't propose anything, but I imagine that something productive could be done. (I just would have it separate from the tax code.) The trick is to provide assistance which increases their independence, rather than having incentives which keep them unproductive & dependent.

Then why do economic models of northern Europe beat us in most statistics? Why isn't their wealth transfer creating a permanent underclass of non-workers?
I have no researched opinion about that. But I speculate that there are some factors:
1) Much of US government revenue goes to functions which don't support people (eg, health care, food, housing), but rather to areas of little or negative benefit to our citizens (eg, foreign adventurism in Iraq, Lybia, etc, etc).
2) Americans are a lazy & shiftless lot. When I hired maintenance guys, the interview always seemed to get around to something I legally couldn't discuss, but need to anyway....their alcoholism. What program were they on? Antabuse? Probation? Just about every worker in the trades is abusing something legal or illegal.

Would your approach be to argue that there is not a problem until the system breaks?
A cynical question? No, I simply don't know how to quantify the situation. Alas, I don't have everything figured out.

Have you contacted your governor about this?
No. She was behind such nonsense. All of government was behind....is behind it. I might as well complain to them about the weather.
 
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Penumbra

Veteran Member
Premium Member
If you're referring the the MI Judgement Rate of Interest, it's published. (I don't know how they determine it, but it appears to reflect the CPI.)
-And you'd feel comfortable paying tax based on a number for which you don't know how it is determined?
-Basing it on CPI doesn't make it foolproof. I've seen people argue that real inflation is significantly above CPI.

As with all things, a standard will be set, it will be argued about, but it will ideally bear some relationship with reality.
Or it could cause further irreconcilable arguments without solving a large set of problems.

This is what happens with non-corporations. I'm OK with it.
Some might, but not all. The way many partnerships work, individuals often owe taxes to several states, but they fall under certain thresholds and aren't collected, resulting in those states missing out on revenue, as I've described.

I see it as limiting governmental abuse.
So there should be nothing to stop me from exploiting poor areas, setting up business operations there, and then managing them from a separate and better location from where I desire? All of the income tax goes to my own state rather than this exploited state?

They would receive the same tax treatment as everyone else. I imagine that you're wondering what special assistance they'd get. I don't propose anything, but I imagine that something productive could be done. (I just would have it separate from the tax code.) The trick is to provide assistance which increases their independence, rather than having incentives which keep them unproductive & dependent.
Separating it from the tax code is doable, as long as the spending is covered by tax revenue rather than debt. This discussion on wealth imbalance is broader than just taxation. I've brought health care into it but you have specified your preference to not discuss that here.

I have no researched opinion about that. But I speculate that there are some factors:
1) Much of US government revenue goes to functions which don't support people (eg, health care, food, housing), but rather to areas of little or negative benefit to our citizens (eg, foreign adventurism in Iraq, Lybia, etc, etc).
A reduction in defense spending is one area where we agree. But it's simply not accurate to say that most of our revenue goes to foreign adventurism.

2) Americans are a lazy & shiftless lot. When I hired maintenance guys, the interview always seemed to get around to something I legally couldn't discuss, but need to anyway....their alcoholism. What program were they on? Antabuse? Probation? Just about every worker in the trades is abusing something legal or illegal.
Lazy by what metric?

This would suggest otherwise. Average hours worked is typical among developed countries, and GDP per hour worked is higher than almost all countries.


A cynical question? No, I simply don't know how to quantify the situation. Alas, I don't have everything figured out.
I've provided multiple statistics that quantify the situation.

No. She was behind such nonsense.
So shouldn't you definitely contact her and voice your disapproval? And other elected state officials, and media?
 

Yeshe Dawa

Lotus Born
Thanks Yeshe,

Could you perhaps provide a bit more specifics on an economic model to support this?

Hi Penumbra!

I'm not an economist by any means, but I did read an article that said the United States is spending $300 million dollars a day to continue the war in Afghanistan. The United Nations has asked for that amount of aid to help prevent starvation in Somalia over the next two months. If we as a nation could prevent starvation for two months just by not waging war for one day, imagine what we could do if we abandoned war altogether. I think any economic model would work as long as we changed what we value.

Peace and blessings
Yeshe
:flower2:
 

Kathryn

It was on fire when I laid down on it.
Hi Penumbra!

I'm not an economist by any means, but I did read an article that said the United States is spending $300 million dollars a day to continue the war in Afghanistan. The United Nations has asked for that amount of aid to help prevent starvation in Somalia over the next two months. If we as a nation could prevent starvation for two months just by not waging war for one day, imagine what we could do if we abandoned war altogether. I think any economic model would work as long as we changed what we value.

Peace and blessings
Yeshe
:flower2:

The US government has already funneled more than $450,000,000 in aid to Somalia so far this year, with more pledged.

Somalia famine: US pledges a further $28m in aid | Global development | guardian.co.uk

This does not include private donations.

However, there are local factions and pseudo-government entities that often impede food and necessities from actually reaching the people. Keep in mind that religious extremists in those areas aren't helping the plight of the people.
 

Revoltingest

Pragmatic Libertarian
Premium Member
-And you'd feel comfortable paying tax based on a number for which you don't know how it is determined?
I don't intend that it would be unknown. But it is unknown now while it's at the proposal stage. It is premature for me to say that it must be this or that index.
We have many indexes to choose from (eg, T-bill, CPI), & selecting one (or more to blend) would eventually happen. The goal would be to establish the loss of
value due to currency deflation, so that we don't pay tax this phantom gain.

-Basing it on CPI doesn't make it foolproof. I've seen people argue that real inflation is significantly above CPI.
I've no doubt that whatever metric is chosen will have room for improvement.
To quibble over measurement problems is to lose sight of the larger issue, ie, that government taxes us on currency deflation.

Or it could cause further irreconcilable arguments without solving a large set of problems.
So you say. I say it's an improvement.

.....resulting in those states missing out on revenue...
Others will gain. One seems no more entitled than the other.

So there should be nothing to stop me from exploiting poor areas, setting up business operations there, and then managing them from a separate and better location from where I desire? All of the income tax goes to my own state rather than this exploited state?
"Exploiting" is a loaded word. If you don't want to work for a company, then don't apply for the job.
As for the "exploited state", I don't see that they should collect income tax from an owner who doesn't live there. They will, however, get property taxes to cover services provided.

Separating it from the tax code is doable, as long as the spending is covered by tax revenue rather than debt. This discussion on wealth imbalance is broader than just taxation. I've brought health care into it but you have specified your preference to not discuss that here.
Tax policy interests me most. Moreover, it is muddied & becomes dysfunctional when many other wealth redistribution, assistance, social & other goals are incorporated.

A reduction in defense spending is one area where we agree. But it's simply not accurate to say that most of our revenue goes to foreign adventurism.
Now, now...be accurate. I said "much", not "most".

Lazy by what metric?
Metric? This is just what I observe as an employer who sees what other employers experience.

This would suggest otherwise. Average hours worked is typical among developed countries, and GDP per hour worked is higher than almost all countries.
I'd prefer to see your own reasoning to a link which might or might not support your claims.

I've provided multiple statistics that quantify the situation.
Statistics provide data, but situations are more complex than simple summaries.
If you provide evidence to support your claims, it is most valuable in the context of your cogent argument. Evidence alone does not an argument make.

So shouldn't you definitely contact her and voice your disapproval? And other elected state officials, and media?
I've spent much effort trying to sway officials. It always amounts to naught. Neither are the media interested in affairs which concern me.
My efforts are better spent elsewhere. So if MI or the US go down the tubes due to my lack of lobbying, I'm prepared to accept blame.
 
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Penumbra

Veteran Member
Premium Member
I don't intend that it would be unknown. But it is unknown now while it's at the proposal stage.
We have many indexes to choose from (eg, T-bill, CPI), but the goal would be to establish the loss of value due to currency deflation. I oppose paying tax this phantom gain. This is the goal.

I've no doubt that whatever metric is chosen will have room for improvement.
To quibble over measurement problems is to lose sight of the larger issue, ie, that government taxes us on currency deflation.

So you say. I say it's an improvement.
All of this is the "larger issue"? Not at all. This is a protection for bad investors. If anything it protects some of the rich. If it could be put into place simply and properly, it may not be a bad idea, but it hardly has anything to do with the growing divide between the rich and poor, and would be there to make sure that people who use capital poorly don't get thrown under the bus.

Others will gain.
New York, California, and all of the states that are fairly wealthy.

"Exploiting" is a loaded word. If you don't want to work for a company, then don't apply for the job.
As for the "exploited state", I don't see that they should collect income tax from an owner who doesn't live there. They will, however, get property taxes to cover services provided.
They should collect income tax from the owner who doesn't live there because she derives her income from there.

Tax policy interests me most. Moreover, it is muddied & becomes dysfunctional when many other wealth redistribution, assistance, social & other goals are incorporated.

Now, now...be accurate. I said "much", not "most".
True- I read it too quickly.

Metric? This is just what I observe as an employer who sees what other employers experience.

This would suggest otherwise. Average hours worked is typical among developed countries, and GDP per hour worked is higher than almost all countries.
I'd prefer to see your own reasoning to a link which might or might not support your claims.

Statistics provide data, but situations are more complex than simple summaries.
My own reasoning is the numbers. Why would one person's view of their workers trump international statistics from a reputable source that shows otherwise? If someone makes a claim, like "Americans are lazy" (especially in reference to the lower socio-economic classes) and that claim appears to be untrue, I'm going to call it out.

If you want my own view, most of the blue collar workers in my facility are among the hardest workers there.
 

Yeshe Dawa

Lotus Born
The US government has already funneled more than $450,000,000 in aid to Somalia so far this year, with more pledged.

Somalia famine: US pledges a further $28m in aid | Global development | guardian.co.uk

This does not include private donations.

However, there are local factions and pseudo-government entities that often impede food and necessities from actually reaching the people. Keep in mind that religious extremists in those areas aren't helping the plight of the people.

Hi Kathryn!

Thank you for the link to the Guardian article. I think it's wonderful that we've already begun to help the people in Somalia. And you’re right – there are many private citizens donating money through different charities. We must be thankful for them. But I think of how there are so many more that are still starving that we have the power to save, especially children. I didn't quite understand what the article meant by the United States withholding the aid from the rebel controlled areas, especially since the article mentions that the rebels are willing to allow aid to the people there. Is it because the United States is worried that the rebels are going to take some of the money or food? I would hate to think that people that we have the power to save could die because they live in an area controlled by the rebels.

Peace and blessings
Yeshe
:flower2:
 

Revoltingest

Pragmatic Libertarian
Premium Member
Post finished & server crashed. I'll try again.....

All of this is the "larger issue"? Not at all. This is a protection for bad investors.
Sigh.....It isn't at all about that.

If anything it protects some of the rich.
And the non-rich.

If it could be put into place simply and properly, it may not be a bad idea, but it hardly has anything to do with the growing divide between the rich and poor, and would be there to make sure that people who use capital poorly don't get thrown under the bus.
I don't understand this apparent obsession with investors who suffer losses.
Could you elaborate on your problem with them? Should they be "thrown under the bus".....what does that mean?

New York, California, and all of the states that are fairly wealthy.
Some states are wealthier than others. I'm OK with that.
But income taxes are largest at the federal level, & that's where the double taxation strategy is most dysfunctional.

They should collect income tax from the owner who doesn't live there because she derives her income from there.
I see no reason that this axiom is best. Local authorities do exact property taxes in excess of the cost of services to the business.
If they want income tax too, then they ought to make their state attractive to stockholders.

My own reasoning is the numbers. Why would one person's view of their workers trump international statistics from a reputable source that shows otherwise? If someone makes a claim, like "Americans are lazy" (especially in reference to the lower socio-economic classes) and that claim appears to be untrue, I'm going to call it out.
You didn't actually show any reasoning using any numbers. You only provided a link to some data for me to sort thru. I simply related my experience as an employer & a former employee of & consultant to many companies. And my experience is that we have a problem with poor worker quality.

If you want my own view, most of the blue collar workers in my facility are among the hardest workers there.
That's a good thing. I've also worked at places where the workers do a good job. But this varies from job to job, company to company, & area to area.
I'm guessing that you have no experience with unionized Michigan workers. Also, some trades are worse than others.
Back to the context, I simply addressed one of your earlier questions about why the US might differ from some European countries.
I think worker quality is a factor.

The divide between rich & poor looms as a problem particularly because of technological advances. As computers & robots become more capable,
the worker who is smarter & more dextrous/agile than his synthetic competition will fare well. But what of the worker who can be replaced by a
machine? What use will he be? How will he survive except as a ward of the state. The problem you pose in the OP looks likely to get more severe.
The tax code & public assistance can't fix this.
 
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Penumbra

Veteran Member
Premium Member
Post finished & server crashed. I'll try again.....

Sigh.....It isn't at all about that.

And the non-rich.

I don't understand this apparent obsession with investors who suffer losses.
Could you elaborate on your problem with them? Should they be "thrown under the bus".....what does that mean?
It's not an obsession with investors who suffer losses. It's a continual reminder that those are the only ones this affects in any meaningful way.

If someone is a good investor (or even a mediocre one), and achieves a rate of return that is higher than inflation, the fact that taxes do not subtract inflation gain are not a problem. Because in in this scenario, to pull in the same amount of revenue, taxes on the portion of their "real" gain would have to be higher, so in the end there's no big difference.

The only ones that this truly benefits would be those that achieve poor rates of return over long periods, because they're the ones for which inflation gains represent all or most of their gains.

Some states are wealthier than others. I'm OK with that.
But income taxes are largest at the federal level, & that's where the double taxation strategy is most dysfunctional.
Because the federal level corresponds to other countries just like the example of states corresponding to other states.

I see no reason that this axiom is best. Local authorities do exact property taxes in excess of the cost of services to the business.
If they want income tax too, then they ought to make their state attractive to stockholders.
They extract property taxes yes, but not income taxes. So far I've not seen any significant reason why income tax should shift entirely to the investor, and in the process increase the volatility of revenues for all those involved.

In addition, a lot more work would have to go to tax preparation. With corporations, the corporate level handles the complex part of taxation, and investors merely need to calculate what price they bought stock at, what price they sold at, and what dividends they collected. There are a variety of ways of calculating this, and it's all fairly simple. But with pass-through entities, even if we simplify them by saying that all income tax goes to the investor's state, it's still rather complex, because an investor would have to know what portion of the company's income is attributable to them, regardless of how long they've owned the interest in the company.

It seems to be merely an ideological position that double taxation is bad, rather than a way to fix any meaningful problems.

You didn't actually show any reasoning using any numbers. You only provided a link to some data for me to sort thru. I simply related my experience as an employer & a former employee of & consultant to many companies. And my experience is that we have a problem with poor worker quality.
You're changing your statement. Every place in the world has a subset of poor quality workers. But specifically, you said, "Americans are a lazy and shiftless lot", but I showed a source regarding how Americans work compared to other countries.

That's a good thing. I've also worked at places where the workers do a good job. But this varies from job to job, company to company, & area to area.
I'm guessing that you have no experience with unionized Michigan workers. Also, some trades are worse than others.
Back to the context, I simply addressed one of your earlier questions about why the US might differ from some European countries.
I think worker quality is a factor.
But the thing is, you need this argument to avoid the fairly strong correlation between social democracy and productivity that is prevalent among many countries.

So can you present any quantitative and global materials regarding your claim that worker quality in America is sub-par compared to other developed countries? And if you can, can you present sources or arguments that decouple this problem from the fact that America doesn't provide very much assistance for higher education or very much assistance for medical care?

The divide between rich & poor looms as a problem particularly because of technological advances. As computers & robots become more capable,
the worker who is smarter & more dextrous/agile than his synthetic competition will fare well. But what of the worker who can be replaced by a
machine? What use will he be? How will he survive except as a ward of the state. The problem you pose in the OP looks likely to get more severe.
The tax code & public assistance can't fix this.
Again, this dodges the question of why so many other countries have not had this problem nearly to the degree that America has.

I think automation can displace jobs for sure, but it can create other jobs (arguably more highly skilled jobs, though perhaps fewer of them). I used to work a little bit in the automation field as an electronics engineer. Many automation systems still require a lot of workers, and often the cheapest way to make things rather than automating the production is to send the production to a developing country and take into account laxity in their human rights laws or environmental regulation. Plus, today, even service jobs are going overseas, like programmers, or customer or technical service, or administrative work, etc.
 

Revoltingest

Pragmatic Libertarian
Premium Member
It's not an obsession with investors who suffer losses. It's a continual reminder that those are the only ones this affects in any meaningful way.
No. When the government taxes the accumulated loss of currency value upon the sale of an asset, it affects all such sales.

If someone is a good investor (or even a mediocre one), and achieves a rate of return that is higher than inflation, the fact that taxes do not subtract inflation gain are not a problem. Because in in this scenario, to pull in the same amount of revenue, taxes on the portion of their "real" gain would have to be higher, so in the end there's no big difference.
What is "no big difference" to you has been significant to me, where phantom gain has been half of the 'profit'. Having lived thru times of double digit inflation, when even sales of primary residences were taxed, I have a different perspective. But all that aside, you would give the government the power to create currency devaluation, & then impose income tax upon the attendant false gain? If so, you're very trusting in authority compared to me. That is a very corrupting incentive for a country addicted to spending. And to argue that it affects only this group or that group is tacit admission that injustice is OK, provided it affects a small population....& someone else.

The only ones that this truly benefits would be those that achieve poor rates of return over long periods, because they're the ones for which inflation gains represent all or most of their gains.
And why should they pay tax on currency devaluation? Why should anyone pay tax on it?

Because the federal level corresponds to other countries just like the example of states corresponding to other states.
Domestic investors in foreign companies pay US income tax. Foreign investors in domestic companies pay their income tax. It all works.

They extract property taxes yes, but not income taxes. So far I've not seen any significant reason why income tax should shift entirely to the investor, and in the process increase the volatility of revenues for all those involved.
Because double taxation creates inequities, as we discussed earlier.

In addition, a lot more work would have to go to tax preparation. With corporations, the corporate level handles the complex part of taxation, and investors merely need to calculate what price they bought stock at, what price they sold at, and what dividends they collected. There are a variety of ways of calculating this, and it's all fairly simple. But with pass-through entities, even if we simplify them by saying that all income tax goes to the investor's state, it's still rather complex, because an investor would have to know what portion of the company's income is attributable to them, regardless of how long they've owned the interest in the company.
I see single taxation as simpler.

It seems to be merely an ideological position that double taxation is bad, rather than a way to fix any meaningful problems.
Perhaps you've forgotten that my reason is that the corporate rate does not take into account the tax rate of the stockholder. A poor person who owns GE stock should pay their marginal rate on dividends. But under the double taxation system you prefer, the poor stockholder's rate is adjusted upwards by the higher corporate tax rate. You may call this ideological, but your position seems to run counter to both my ideology & yours. It makes no sense.

You're changing your statement. Every place in the world has a subset of poor quality workers. But specifically, you said, "Americans are a lazy and shiftless lot", but I showed a source regarding how Americans work compared to other countries.
I had no intent to change anything. I just pointed out a possible factor for differences between American & European tax policy effects. You're free to disagree, but to link a source without culling the relevant figures from it, & then using them to explain your position is not a cogent argument. Essentially, you're saying, "I'm right...read this link to see why." You can do better than that.

But the thing is, you need this argument to avoid the fairly strong correlation between social democracy and productivity that is prevalent among many countries.
It's just an opinion about what I believe could be a factor. I'm not arguing about it.

So can you present any quantitative and global materials regarding your claim that worker quality in America is sub-par compared to other developed countries? And if you can, can you present sources or arguments that decouple this problem from the fact that America doesn't provide very much assistance for higher education or very much assistance for medical care?
I merely ventured an opinion about this possibility. I've no intention to research it.
I note that you present neither research nor reasoned argument either, so that's a bit much to request of me.

Again, this dodges the question of why so many other countries have not had this problem nearly to the degree that America has.
I've already answered it to the extent I can. "Dodges" is a tad impolite.

I think automation can displace jobs for sure, but it can create other jobs (arguably more highly skilled jobs, though perhaps fewer of them). I used to work a little bit in the automation field as an electronics engineer. Many automation systems still require a lot of workers, and often the cheapest way to make things rather than automating the production is to send the production to a developing country and take into account laxity in their human rights laws or environmental regulation. Plus, today, even service jobs are going overseas, like programmers, or customer or technical service, or administrative work, etc.
What has been true, won't necessarily always be so. I'm not referring to the current level of technology. Rather, I'm speculating about what will happen when it rises to a level where devices can replace maids, call center workers, clerks, & even CPAs. We already see research on even robots to provide in-home personal care services. Revolutionary changes are afoot!
It is a real possibility that there will be people who cannot find any employment because anything they can do, a device can do cheaper.
What is to be done about them?
 
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Penumbra

Veteran Member
Premium Member
No. When the government taxes the accumulated loss of currency value upon the sale of an asset, it affects all such sales.
It affects all such sales, but if tax were redone so that taxes on inflationary gains were removed, and taxes on real gains were increased, it would have little affect on those that achieve returns on equity that significantly exceed inflation.

What is "no big difference" to you has been significant to me, where phantom gain has been half of the 'profit'. Having lived thru times of double digit inflation, when even sales of primary residences were taxed, I have a different perspective. But all that aside, you would give the government the power to create currency devaluation, & then impose income tax upon the attendant false gain? If so, you're very trusting in authority compared to me. That is a very corrupting incentive for a country addicted to spending. And to argue that it affects only this group or that group is tacit admission that injustice is OK, provided it affects a small population....& someone else.

And why should they pay tax on currency devaluation? Why should anyone pay tax on it?
In what way has it been significant to you? Your investments have had long term rates of return that barely exceed inflation?

Or are you talking about your real estate as a landlord? In that case, this would go back to the example of the factory, where if we isolate the factory and say that it's unfair to tax it, it seems reasonable. But if you consider the factory's purpose of generating cash flows, it's a very different story. Assuming you get tenants, your rental cash flows are a major part of your investments, rather than simply the purchase of assets and a later resale at a gain.

It's not a matter of trusting the government. It's a matter of asset class- some asset classes are naturally fairly well indexed towards inflation. And it's a matter of complexity rather than injustice. No tax code can reasonably be configured towards every single scenario, and you've argued in favor of a simpler tax code. But more specifically, what you've been arguing is for a simpler tax code, except to add nuances that you explain would disproportionally benefit your particular lines of business.

If only we could all do that- have a simple tax code except for nuances that are perfectly designed for what we do. But in reality, we have to have a tax code that blends both simplicity and fairness, to strive for an optimal point. Like I said, I'm not completely against the concept of indexing capital gains to inflation, but I haven't seen any compelling reason why it should be implemented, or that the benefits would outweigh the disadvantages of a more complex tax code that is based on a number (the inflation calculation) which people would probably argue about how to fairly calculate.

And how would it handle trading? Suppose individuals or corporations buy and sell assets rapidly, as many do. If you use the (1 + i) value for that year, you would erase a lot of taxable gain, since many people make many small trades that each have a small increase, perhaps lower than i. So for this to work, we'd have to implement a minimum holding time so that they don't get the benefit of excluding i from their capital gains over and over.

Domestic investors in foreign companies pay US income tax. Foreign investors in domestic companies pay their income tax. It all works.

Because double taxation creates inequities, as we discussed earlier.
And I've argued how a lack of double taxation creates larger inequalities.

I see single taxation as simpler.
I see it as more complex. Every investor out there would have to file the equivalent of a K-1 form for every investment owned, every year. That's tens or hundreds of millions of additional forms every year.

Perhaps you've forgotten that my reason is that the corporate rate does not take into account the tax rate of the stockholder. A poor person who owns GE stock should pay their marginal rate on dividends. But under the double taxation system you prefer, the poor stockholder's rate is adjusted upwards by the higher corporate tax rate. You may call this ideological, but your position seems to run counter to both my ideology & yours. It makes no sense.
It makes sense if you remember that my position is that business taxes should be low. Not nonexistent, but low. Reducing corporate taxation and increasing individual taxation allows it to be more progressive.

If I saw an easy and fair way for all businesses to be pass through entities, I'd be for it, but so far I have not. Tax revenue would be more volatile, areas could be more easily exploited, and every investor would have significantly more complicated tax filing every year. Therefore, I argue for a more optimal approach, where we keep the current system but shift it so that businesses pay less taxes and investors pay more. It keeps the complex tax part at the corporate level, and keeps the simple tax part on the individual level, and yet makes the whole thing more tax progressive.

I had no intent to change anything. I just pointed out a possible factor for differences between American & European tax policy effects. You're free to disagree, but to link a source without culling the relevant figures from it, & then using them to explain your position is not a cogent argument. Essentially, you're saying, "I'm right...read this link to see why." You can do better than that.
That's not what I did- I provided the link and then pointed out two figures: hours worked and GDP per hour worked.

It's just an opinion about what I believe could be a factor. I'm not arguing about it.

I merely ventured an opinion about this possibility. I've no intention to research it.
I note that you present neither research nor reasoned argument either, so that's a bit much to request of me.

I've already answered it to the extent I can. "Dodges" is a tad impolite.
It seems that several of your claims are rather definitive, but when sources are put forth, they turn into opinions about possibilities.

What I'm getting at is this- strong correlation can be demonstrated between robust wealth redistribution systems and a population that has less wealth inequality and a higher standard of living. You have argued for other explanations, but when I present quantitative evidence, you do not seem to consider it, and instead speculate that the evidence is inaccurate.

As income grows in relation to the basic minimum fixed costs of living, savings potential grows rapidly. In order to prevent a scenario where those that have capital are free to endlessly compound it, and those that lack capital are stuck at the bottom, a progressive tax system that supplements education, health care, workers rights, environmental responsibility, and so forth, can keep the society stable. It preserves the ability for individuals to be considerably more wealthy than others, but can produce a more ethical framework, and one that would prevent inevitable revolution or collapse.

What has been true, won't necessarily always be so. I'm not referring to the current level of technology. Rather, I'm speculating about what will happen when it rises to a level where devices can replace maids, call center workers, clerks, & even CPAs. We already see research on even robots to provide in-home personal care services. Revolutionary changes are afoot!
It is a real possibility that there will be people who cannot find any employment because anything they can do, a device can do cheaper.
What is to be done about them?
I agree that in the future, this will become more and more of an issue.

The benefits could be that the total costs of producing all basic necessities for life are significantly cheaper, meaning it's less of a difficulty to freely share them. The disadvantages could be that a majority of people have no ability to work.

I advocate social democracy and certain forms of socialism because they can address these problems by helping to ensure that the less privileged and the less fortunate are always kept in mind.
 

Revoltingest

Pragmatic Libertarian
Premium Member
It affects all such sales, but if tax were redone so that taxes on inflationary gains were removed, and taxes on real gains were increased, it would have little affect on those that achieve returns on equity that significantly exceed inflation.
Why not have tax policy which is fair to all, rather than only approximately fair to those with stellar capital gains profits?

In what way has it been significant to you? Your investments have had long term rates of return that barely exceed inflation?
Currency deflation was a significant portion of taxable profit....as I said, about half in some cases.

Or are you talking about your real estate as a landlord? In that case, this would go back to the example of the factory, where if we isolate the factory and say that it's unfair to tax it, it seems reasonable. But if you consider the factory's purpose of generating cash flows, it's a very different story. Assuming you get tenants, your rental cash flows are a major part of your investments, rather than simply the purchase of assets and a later resale at a gain.
Assets perform in 2 ways: 1) Operating profit, which is subject to income tax. 2) Sale profit, which is subject to capital gains tax.
They're different kinds of income, with the 2nd type having the currency devaluation component. We covered this already.

It's not a matter of trusting the government. It's a matter of asset class- some asset classes are naturally fairly well indexed towards inflation. And it's a matter of complexity rather than injustice. No tax code can reasonably be configured towards every single scenario, and you've argued in favor of a simpler tax code. But more specifically, what you've been arguing is for a simpler tax code, except to add nuances that you explain would disproportionally benefit your particular lines of business.
Disagree.

If only we could all do that- have a simple tax code except for nuances that are perfectly designed for what we do. But in reality, we have to have a tax code that blends both simplicity and fairness, to strive for an optimal point. Like I said, I'm not completely against the concept of indexing capital gains to inflation, but I haven't seen any compelling reason why it should be implemented, or that the benefits would outweigh the disadvantages of a more complex tax code that is based on a number (the inflation calculation) which people would probably argue about how to fairly calculate.
You overestimate the difficulty of calculating the currency deflation component of gain. If the problem of paying capital gains
taxes on currency devaluation isn't compelling to you, then it boils down to our having different values. We must disagree.

And how would it handle trading? Suppose individuals or corporations buy and sell assets rapidly, as many do. If you use the (1 + i) value for that year, you would erase a lot of taxable gain, since many people make many small trades that each have a small increase, perhaps lower than i. So for this to work, we'd have to implement a minimum holding time so that they don't get the benefit of excluding i from their capital gains over and over.
I was addressing only long term capital gains, where inflation is significant.

And I've argued how a lack of double taxation creates larger inequalities.
We disagree.

I see it as more complex. Every investor out there would have to file the equivalent of a K-1 form for every investment owned, every year. That's tens or hundreds of millions of additional forms every year.
Companies & partnerships already generate year-end tax documents for owners (if there is any activity).
For several decades, I've personally issued K-1 forms to every partner in every partnership I've managed.
I've also received K-1s from partnerships. I see nothing new required. I presume that partnerships you're in issue you a K-1 each year.
We have different ideas about what is complex & what is simple. Complexity to me is not about simple calculations like accumulated inflation,
but rather the alternative minimum tax, lack of IRS clarity in how to handle some expenses, my CPA having to do research on how to handle
some activities, unpredictability of the level of taxation. My federal return is one inch thick of forms, schedules & worksheets. How about yours?
You must really hate IRS form 1099 then....far more of those are issued than K-1.

If I saw an easy and fair way for all businesses to be pass through entities, I'd be for it, but so far I have not. Tax revenue would be more volatile, areas could be more easily exploited, and every investor would have significantly more complicated tax filing every year. Therefore, I argue for a more optimal approach, where we keep the current system but shift it so that businesses pay less taxes and investors pay more. It keeps the complex tax part at the corporate level, and keeps the simple tax part on the individual level, and yet makes the whole thing more tax progressive.
We have different ideas about what's fair.

It seems that several of your claims are rather definitive, but when sources are put forth, they turn into opinions about possibilities.
That is to mis-read my posts...again.

What I'm getting at is this- strong correlation can be demonstrated between robust wealth redistribution systems and a population that has less wealth inequality and a higher standard of living. You have argued for other explanations, but when I present quantitative evidence, you do not seem to consider it, and instead speculate that the evidence is inaccurate.
I've yet to see a cogent argument. Links alone do not an argument make.
This about wraps it up for me & this thread. I've been repeating myself & have no better way to say it.
 
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Penumbra

Veteran Member
Premium Member
Why not have tax policy which is fair to all, rather than only approximately fair to those with stellar capital gains profits?

Currency deflation was a significant portion of taxable profit....as I said, about half in some cases.

Assets perform in 2 ways: 1) Operating profit, which is subject to income tax. 2) Sale profit, which is subject to capital gains tax.
They're different kinds of income, with the 2nd type having the currency devaluation component. We covered this already.

Disagree.

You overestimate the difficulty of calculating the currency deflation component of gain. If the problem of paying capital gains
taxes on currency devaluation isn't compelling to you, then it boils down to our having different values. We must disagree.

I was addressing only long term capital gains, where inflation is significant.
So it's only to long term capital gains? What if, over a fairly short period, inflation skyrockets, which has happened? It would hurt investors that hold for short periods. Haven't you been suggesting that we cannot have a tax code that leaves out any group, no matter how small?

You brought up two kinds of income, but that's exactly my point. Unless one is deliberately flipping the property, it's typically unprofitable to purchase a piece of real estate, do nothing with it, and then sell it. Capital gains would likely be small, and the whole rate of return would be pretty bad. But when one has a building for a purpose, such as producing products or renting to people, the tax on the whole thing is what is relevant.

It may be reasonable to allow inflation indexing in real estate only, since liquidity is low, sales are rare (compared to stocks or equity), holding times are long, and appreciation typically is not way higher than inflation even for good real estate investors, unless it's a booming area.

We disagree.

Companies & partnerships already generate year-end tax documents for owners (if there is any activity).
For several decades, I've personally issued K-1 forms to every partner in every partnership I've managed.
I've also received K-1s from partnerships. I see nothing new required. I presume that partnerships you're in issue you a K-1 each year.
We have different ideas about what is complex & what is simple. Complexity to me is not about simple calculations like accumulated inflation,
but rather the alternative minimum tax, lack of IRS clarity in how to handle some expenses, my CPA having to do research on how to handle
some activities, unpredictability of the level of taxation. My federal return is one inch thick of forms, schedules & worksheets. How about yours?
You must really hate IRS form 1099 then....far more of those are issued than K-1.
That's not my point. It doesn't make it astoundingly complex for any one person, but it moderately increases the complexity and expense for millions of people. Owning private business is already complex when tax time comes. Fortunately my return is not an inch thick, but I do have employed income, income and expenses from my own small business, capital gains, dividends, and k-1 forms from partnerships, plus student loan deduction stuff.

The point is, under this proposition, every single person who owns public stock would have to fill out k-1 information for every company they own. The thousands of large public companies out there, and the millions of people that invest in them, would all have to deal with k-1 forms when they currently do not have to. Currently, relatively few publicly traded entities have to do this- only partnerships and similar entities, and many people avoid them for specifically this reason. Those that own interest in private partnerships are typically in a position where moderate increases or decreases in tax complexity aren't a major factor, because their taxes are already complex and their wealth is already up there. But making it so that all individuals need to fill out k-1 forms if they want to own businesses makes investing less accessible to those that have less capital.

We have different ideas about what's fair.

That is to mis-read my posts...again.I've yet to see a cogent argument. Links alone do not an argument make.
This about wraps it up for me & this thread. I've been repeating myself & have no better way to say it.
Ok, if you're done, then thanks for the debate. Looking back, I do see that you said you only speculate that Americans are a lazy and shiftless lot, so it was not a definitive statement. It seems that I didn't read that particular post of yours too carefully. I do, however, feel that it's an inaccurate speculation and I've explained why and presented some hard numbers.

It would have been preferable if more of this was about the gap between the rich and the poor, rather than about nuances of tax code for people who are already well off. Indexing capital gains to inflation, and turning 100% of businesses into flow-through entities, are things that mostly affect people who are already in a position to have substantial savings and investments.
 
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Revoltingest

Pragmatic Libertarian
Premium Member
Just so you know I'm not ignoring your post (which reflect much thought & effort), I did read it.
But I'm not much into arguing, & I just don't see potential for a conversation.
 

Penumbra

Veteran Member
Premium Member
Just so you know I'm not ignoring your post (which reflect much thought & effort), I did read it.
But I'm not much into arguing, & I just don't see potential for a conversation.
Ok, thanks for taking the time to debate in this thread.
 

dust1n

Zindīq
I'm only going by personal experience, but I think some of that depends on the skillfulness of supervisors. So far as I can see, most of the poor, when they do enter the workforce, tend to end up mismanaged. Basically, they get low-paid, largely untrained, and untalented supervisors.

Years ago, I used to do contractual training for employees, supervisors and/or managers of telemarketing centers. What I would do is contract with a call center to train either their sales force, their supervisors or their managers. I usually didn't contract to do all three -- at least not in the same contract. But what I noticed was, you could typically make the biggest difference in productivity by training the managers or the supervisors. There seemed to me at least two reasons for that.

First, there were numerous things they had the authority to do, but employees didn't have the authority to do. Second -- and more interesting -- if the call center was not making it's goals, the chances were very good most of the problems lay with the incompetence of its supervisors and managers. They didn't know how to run a call center -- some of them didn't even know the basic metrics used in the industry to identify problems and measure performance -- and, more importantly, they were clueless about people. They didn't know how to motivate them. They didn't know what it was key to do, and what they could pass on doing. They didn't know how to solve common employee problems.

Oddly enough, the worse the management/supervisory team, the more the team blamed the employees. Only the very best said anything like, "I need to improve as a supervisor or manager." Most of them said, "I can't get good people".

As you might imagine, the labor pool for most forms of telemarketing was the working poor.

I was pretty successful at what I did, and once achieve a seven fold increase in sales -- but I had to replace the whole supervisory team to do it. They were intractable. So, I brought in new supervisors, but kept the same employees, and under the supervisors I trained, sales soared.

Having worked inbound data collection, inbound customer service & outbound sales, I can agree with you in some cases. I find it in teachers, or really anyone with authority. Sometimes people do a position justice. Sometimes supervisors do a position justice. I usually have found, at least with relations regarding the working poor, that the best option includes making the working environment a positive one. Working in restaurants for example, I've noticed that past the initial set up and training, a manager can pretty rest easy on their workers after a certain point, and still increase wages as time progresses. Constantly hounding employees lowers morale, and creates problems, which ultimately end up with high turn over rates. Workers, in a restaurant, and sometimes in a call center, can pretty much run their position autonomously after a decent amount of time.
 
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