How did the Egyptians build the pyramids?

[shunyadragon]

No.

There are no ramps except in the eyes of Egyptologists. There is no writing at all of any nature from the great pyramid building age. Not one single sentence exists unless Merrer's Diary has them and this was unknown until just ten years ago. There are no drawings either. This is all nonsense dreamed up by Egyptologists. They took the Pyramid Texts which is actually from three centuries later and solved it in terms of the "book of the dead" from 13 centuries later. Then they pronounced it "incantation" and use it as proof the builders were ignorant and superstitious.

No writing. No ramps (the word "ramp" is unattested), no drawings and no place for an army of stone draggers to live. It's all nonsense.
.
They refuse to use science and justify their refusal by saying it doesn't even matter how it was built since they could only have used ramps. Understanding a book of incantation is more important than understanding how the pyramids were built.

I can't even express the level of nonsense involved or the level of their methodology by which they reached their erroneous "conclusions"

Every one of your posts express continual nonsense and intentional ignorance, There is writing by the way and I have cited the references.

Egypt’s Oldest Papyri Detail Great Pyramid Construction | HISTORY

Egypt’s oldest papyrus fragments, which detail the construction of the Great Pyramid of Giza, have gone on public display in Cairo.

www.history.com

Egypt’s Oldest Papyri Detail Great Pyramid Construction​

Egypt’s oldest papyrus fragments, which detail the construction of the Great Pyramid of Giza, have gone on public display in Cairo.
By: Christopher Klein
Updated: April 15, 2024 | Original: July 19, 2016
copy page linkPrint Page

In 2013, a joint team of French and Egyptian archaeologists discovered a remarkable find in a cave at the ancient Red Sea port of Wadi el-Jarf—hundreds of inscribed papyrus fragments that were the oldest ever unearthed in Egypt. As Egyptologists Pierre Tallet and Gregory Marouard detailed in a 2014 article in the journal Near Eastern Archaeology, the ancient texts they discovered included a logbook from the 27th year of the reign of the pharaoh Khufu that described the construction of the Great Pyramid of Giza.
The hieroglyphic letters inscribed in the logbook were written more than 4,500 years ago by a middle-ranking inspector named Merer who detailed over the course of several months the construction operations for the Great Pyramid, which was nearing completion, and the work at the limestone quarries at Tura on the opposite bank of the Nile River. Merer’s logbook, written in a two-column daily timetable, reports on the daily lives of the construction workers and notes that the limestone blocks exhumed at Tura, which were used to cover the pyramid’s exterior, were transported by boat along the Nile River and a system of canals to the construction site, a journey that took between two and three days.
EGYPT'S LOST 4TH PYRAMID | Secrets of Ancient Egypt


The inspector, who led a team of sailors, also noted that the vizier Ankhhaef, Khufu’s half-brother and the “chief for all the works of the king,” was overseeing the enormous construction project. Additional logbooks provide information about other projects undertaken by the same team of sailors in the same year, including the construction of a harbor along the Mediterranean Sea.
After their discovery in the caves of Wadi el-Jarf, which is the most ancient maritime harbor known to date, the archaeologists transferred nearly 800 fragments of varying sizes in 100 glass frames to the Egyptian Ministry of Antiquities. Last Thursday, six of the papyri were placed on public display at the Egyptian Museum in Cairo as part of a special exhibition.

 

[cladking]

Every single ramp proposal I've ever seen i can shoot down with logic alone. I don't even need to cite the evidence against it. Many of these proposals especially from Egyptology are so bad men accumulate at the top because the ramps only go up. In order to have a chance of working they would need to be at least twice as wide and there's no means to put such a ramp on the pyramid. Another common flaw is they don't account for the fact the pyramids are cladded so the ramps would have to be rebuilt. But the most common flaw is that any ramping system on the pyramid hides it so it can not be built straight. Most of these proposals have all three of these problems and few other besides. There is no possible ramping system that can account for the existence of the pyramids and the physical evidence.

No ramps.

And the real capper? The only evidence for ramps is the contention that they mustta used ramps but logic dictates it far easier, far safer, and far more comfortable for teams of men to pull stones straight up the s9ides from the tops of the steps!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Incredible isn't it? How could Egyptology have done such a poor job and not discovered what I did? It's astounding really but the simple answer is we are homo omnisciencis. We can only see what we believe. No matter how incredible like talking to the autistic or how expected like finding ramps, we only see what we believe. Even though they call themselves "linguists" they never noticed the language breaks Zipf's Law and contained almost no words. They never noticed there were no abstractions or the builders kept saying the pyramids are NOT tombs.

Egyptologists aren't really less smart than the rest of us but they are mostly probably less smart than some of the dumbest pyramid builders.

 

[Pogo]

No.

There are no ramps except in the eyes of Egyptologists. There is no writing at all of any nature from the great pyramid building age. Not one single sentence exists unless Merrer's Diary has them and this was unknown until just ten years ago. There are no drawings either. This is all nonsense dreamed up by Egyptologists. They took the Pyramid Texts which is actually from three centuries later and solved it in terms of the "book of the dead" from 13 centuries later. Then they pronounced it "incantation" and use it as proof the builders were ignorant and superstitious.

No writing. No ramps (the word "ramp" is unattested), no drawings and no place for an army of stone draggers to live. It's all nonsense.

They refuse to use science and justify their refusal by saying it doesn't even matter how it was built since they could only have used ramps. Understanding a book of incantation is more important than understanding how the pyramids were built.

I can't even express the level of nonsense involved or the level of their methodology by which they reached their erroneous "conclusions"

A ramp is nothing more than using the mechanical advantage of a slope in one way or another instead of a dead vertical lift.

What do you think is the significance of this word?

 

[Pogo]

I said you can't load 500 boats a year in the dry season. It's crazy to suggest it.

So maybe they dug out a little and didn't need flood water levels? They weren't stupid were they?

 

[Pogo]

I worked in a cement plant where I could move 20,000 tons of material in a day. Trying to get co-workers to help clean up a 500 lb spill was so hard it was easier to shovel it up myself. Working with one other man you know how hard he's working. It can be seen. You can tell how much material each man in a ditch digging party is moving. Experience tells me no stone would even move up any ramp unless you had so many many men leaning forward would do it.

People today have no idea what 6 1/2 million tons even means. They have no idea that in order to do all this work you have to get the men to the site but then there's no room anyone can work. Poncho Vila once derailed his getaway rail hand car. He had twenty men try to get it on the track and they couldn't budge it. So he had ten stand down and they still couldn't budge it. He had five more stand down and the remaining men easily rerailed the car. Trying to build a pyramid with ramps is about the same as trying to rerail a handcar with 10,000 men. You may as well run from the law.

No ramps. No evidence for ramps.

No idea what you think a ramp is because it is obviously not the simple tool that most humans use every day in one form or another.

 

[cladking]

(And just to be clear, by 'fact' I mean an accurate statement about a real state of affairs. And by 'real' I mean, found in the world external to the self, which we know about through our senses.)

I can list every one of my sources but I fear you'll find them exceed9ingly difficult to navigate. Here's my source gfpor the list of titles of the builders. This is only about half of them though.

Giza Archives Project Library

You'll need to read each of these tomes. If memory serves there are about 15 of them. I'm sorry you've been misled all these years. I'm sorry that there was no choice but to have a confused language and I'm sorry it's the only one we have. I'm also sorry that the facts say you're going to have to get used to believing a lot of things you don't want to believe. There's no choice for the human species but to move forward. I often say "man fears the pyramid but time fears man". This is because not even Egyptology can stand in the way of progress. It comes like a freight train that can be neither hurried nor slowed (indefinitely). Eventually truth always prevails over lies or ignorance.

Mebbe that sound I hear isn't a wailing and gnashing of teeth but the lowing of the dndndr-boat.

I encourage people to investigate the facts for themselves. I also encourage people to read my posts but we all know that's not going to happen.

 

[shunyadragon]

Every single ramp proposal I've ever seen i can shoot down with logic alone. I don't even need to cite the evidence against it. Many of these proposals especially from Egyptology are so bad men accumulate at the top because the ramps only go up. In order to have a chance of working they would need to be at least twice as wide and there's no means to put such a ramp on the pyramid. Another common flaw is they don't account for the fact the pyramids are cladded so the ramps would have to be rebuilt. But the most common flaw is that any ramping system on the pyramid hides it so it can not be built straight. Most of these proposals have all three of these problems and few other besides. There is no possible ramping system that can account for the existence of the pyramids and the physical evidence.

No ramps.

And the real capper? The only evidence for ramps is the contention that they mustta used ramps but logic dictates it far easier, far safer, and far more comfortable for teams of men to pull stones straight up the s9ides from the tops of the steps!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Incredible isn't it? How could Egyptology have done such a poor job and not discovered what I did? It's astounding really but the simple answer is we are homo omnisciencis. We can only see what we believe. No matter how incredible like talking to the autistic or how expected like finding ramps, we only see what we believe. Even though they call themselves "linguists" they never noticed the language breaks Zipf's Law and contained almost no words. They never noticed there were no abstractions or the builders kept saying the pyramids are NOT tombs.

Egyptologists aren't really less smart than the rest of us but they are mostly probably less smart than some of the dumbest pyramid builders.

Ramps in pyramid construction have been found in two locations,. You only shot yourself in the foot.

See post #141 for writing concerning the pyramids.

 

[GoodAttention]

I worked in a cement plant where I could move 20,000 tons of material in a day. Trying to get co-workers to help clean up a 500 lb spill was so hard it was easier to shovel it up myself. Working with one other man you know how hard he's working. It can be seen. You can tell how much material each man in a ditch digging party is moving. Experience tells me no stone would even move up any ramp unless you had so many many men leaning forward would do it.

People today have no idea what 6 1/2 million tons even means. They have no idea that in order to do all this work you have to get the men to the site but then there's no room anyone can work. Poncho Vila once derailed his getaway rail hand car. He had twenty men try to get it on the track and they couldn't budge it. So he had ten stand down and they still couldn't budge it. He had five more stand down and the remaining men easily rerailed the car. Trying to build a pyramid with ramps is about the same as trying to rerail a handcar with 10,000 men. You may as well run from the law.

No ramps. No evidence for ramps.

Lime is an important chemical required in the construction industry, and can be made by burning pulverised limestone in a lime kiln.

One of the best fuels to use for the kiln is wheat straw, which burns hotter than even red oak. Straw is therefore a vital commodity, and one that was cruelly held back by the Pharoah, with the Hebrews having to search for straw all over Egypt.

 

[GoodAttention]

Ramps in pyramid construction have been found in two locations,. You only shot yourself in the foot.

See post #141 for writing concerning the pyramids.

Where were they found?

 

[Pogo]

seriously, wrap a sling around it and pull that, a little better as the Egyptians did, drill some holes to insert handles for more force points and for basic pulling put the block on a sledge to reduce the frictional area. Not to mention using rollers if convenient.
But seriously.

HUH

 

[shunyadragon]

Lime is an important chemical required in the construction industry, and can be made by burning pulverised limestone in a lime kiln

Yes and it was used in the building of the pyramids and other buildings as mortar. In a previous post I addressed the fact that both shaped limestone and concrete stone were used in the pyramid construction.

One of the best fuels to use for the kiln is wheat straw, which burns hotter than even red oak. Straw is therefore a vital commodity, and one that was cruelly held back by the Pharoah, with the Hebrews having to search for straw all over Egypt.

The rather dubious stories of Exodus has nothing to do with pyramid construction,

 

[shunyadragon]

Where were they found?

Read the reference. They are in the Cairo museum.

 

[GoodAttention]

Read the reference. They are in the Cairo museum.

You said ramps have been found in 2 locations but your source says nothing.

 

[GoodAttention]

Every one of your posts express continual nonsense and intentional ignorance, There is writing by the way and I have cited the references.

Egypt’s Oldest Papyri Detail Great Pyramid Construction | HISTORY

Egypt’s oldest papyrus fragments, which detail the construction of the Great Pyramid of Giza, have gone on public display in Cairo.

www.history.com

Egypt’s Oldest Papyri Detail Great Pyramid Construction​

Egypt’s oldest papyrus fragments, which detail the construction of the Great Pyramid of Giza, have gone on public display in Cairo.
By: Christopher Klein
Updated: April 15, 2024 | Original: July 19, 2016
copy page linkPrint Page

In 2013, a joint team of French and Egyptian archaeologists discovered a remarkable find in a cave at the ancient Red Sea port of Wadi el-Jarf—hundreds of inscribed papyrus fragments that were the oldest ever unearthed in Egypt. As Egyptologists Pierre Tallet and Gregory Marouard detailed in a 2014 article in the journal Near Eastern Archaeology, the ancient texts they discovered included a logbook from the 27th year of the reign of the pharaoh Khufu that described the construction of the Great Pyramid of Giza.
The hieroglyphic letters inscribed in the logbook were written more than 4,500 years ago by a middle-ranking inspector named Merer who detailed over the course of several months the construction operations for the Great Pyramid, which was nearing completion, and the work at the limestone quarries at Tura on the opposite bank of the Nile River. Merer’s logbook, written in a two-column daily timetable, reports on the daily lives of the construction workers and notes that the limestone blocks exhumed at Tura, which were used to cover the pyramid’s exterior, were transported by boat along the Nile River and a system of canals to the construction site, a journey that took between two and three days.
EGYPT'S LOST 4TH PYRAMID | Secrets of Ancient Egypt


The inspector, who led a team of sailors, also noted that the vizier Ankhhaef, Khufu’s half-brother and the “chief for all the works of the king,” was overseeing the enormous construction project. Additional logbooks provide information about other projects undertaken by the same team of sailors in the same year, including the construction of a harbor along the Mediterranean Sea.
After their discovery in the caves of Wadi el-Jarf, which is the most ancient maritime harbor known to date, the archaeologists transferred nearly 800 fragments of varying sizes in 100 glass frames to the Egyptian Ministry of Antiquities. Last Thursday, six of the papyri were placed on public display at the Egyptian Museum in Cairo as part of a special exhibition.

Once again you don’t provide the full text of the source.

In spite of the location of their discovery nearly 150 miles southeast of Giza, the relics do not contain any information about activities related to the pyramid construction at Wadi el-Jarf. “The surprising presence of these documents on the Red Sea site at Wadi el-Jarf is most likely explained by the fact that the same specialized teams that worked on the construction of the royal tomb were also responsible for some operations at this port facility,” Tallet surmised.

 

[blü 2]

I can list every one of my sources but I fear you'll find them exceed9ingly difficult to navigate. Here's my source gfpor the list of titles of the builders. This is only about half of them though.

Don't bother. Whenever I did that in the past, I found nothing coherent and I have no reason to think it'd be different this time.

 

[cladking]

Ramps in pyramid construction have been found in two locations,. You only shot yourself in the foot.

No! The existence of sloped surfaces does not mean they mustta used ramps. Do you think I'm new at this. I know more about construction than most Egyptologists and much more about the evidence. I've been studying for 20 years. Granted I'm a slow learner and the methods I use are less than ideal. All the "ramp" remains are underbuilt or point at the BOTTOM of the pyramid. This supports my theory which holds stones were moved straight to the bottoms of the pyramids and then straight up the sides one step at a time.

The one at Meidum doesn't fit this pattern but it still doesn't point at the top. There's no evidence to my knowledge stones were ever dragged up it.

 

[cladking]

Don't bother. Whenever I did that in the past, I found nothing coherent and I have no reason to think it'd be different this time.

So you don't want to know. It's a lot of work to start at the beginning but that's what you asked for. Read the PT then. You can do it in a coupke hours. I've read it and worked on it thousands of times.

#300 is the most important;

445a. To say: O Hrti of Nsȝ.t, ferryman of the ’Iḳh.t-boat, made by Khnum,
445b. bring this (boat) to N. N. is Seker of R-Śtȝ.w.
445c. N. is on the way to the place of Seker, chief of Pdw-š.
445d. It is our brother who is bringing this (boat) for these bridge-girderers (?) of the desert.

The Pyramid Texts: The Pyramid Texts: 12. The Ferryman and the Deceased King's Ascension, Utterances 300-311

The Pyramid Texts, Samuel A.B. Mercer tr., at sacred-texts.com

sacred-texts.com

The ferryman needs the boat that the tower (he who tows) of earth by means of balance will occupy so the bridge girderers can work.

It's all simple substitution. I can explain this in detail and translate the words for you but you won't believe it. Like every Egyptologist you will shake your head and say this must be stinky footed gobbledty gook.

There are lots of great utterances like one that describes the funiculars going up and down to and fro and some that describes what drives them. But being the crown of creation you can just dismiss it all.

 

[shunyadragon]

No! The existence of sloped surfaces does not mean they mustta used ramps. Do you think I'm new at this. I know more about construction than most Egyptologists and much more about the evidence. I've been studying for 20 years. Granted I'm a slow learner and the methods I use are less than ideal. All the "ramp" remains are underbuilt or point at the BOTTOM of the pyramid. This supports my theory which holds stones were moved straight to the bottoms of the pyramids and then straight up the sides one step at a time.

The one at Meidum doesn't fit this pattern but it still doesn't point at the top. There's no evidence to my knowledge stones were ever dragged up it.

Yes. there were ramps on the Meidum pyramid and in the quarry

 

[shunyadragon]

Once again you don’t provide the full text of the source.

In spite of the location of their discovery nearly 150 miles southeast of Giza, the relics do not contain any information about activities related to the pyramid construction at Wadi el-Jarf. “The surprising presence of these documents on the Red Sea site at Wadi el-Jarf is most likely explained by the fact that the same specialized teams that worked on the construction of the royal tomb were also responsible for some operations at this port facility,” Tallet surmised.

The reference explains it regardless of where it is found,

From the reference:

Egypt’s Oldest Papyri Detail Great Pyramid Construction | HISTORY​

Egypt’s oldest papyrus fragments, which detail the construction of the Great Pyramid of Giza, have gone on public display in Cairo.

www.history.com


"The hieroglyphic letters inscribed in the logbook were written more than 4,500 years ago by a middle-ranking inspector named Merer who detailed over the course of several months the construction operations for the Great Pyramid, which was nearing completion, and the work at the limestone quarries at Tura on the opposite bank of the Nile River. Merer’s logbook, written in a two-column daily timetable, reports on the daily lives of the construction workers and notes that the limestone blocks exhumed at Tura, which were used to cover the pyramid’s exterior, were transported by boat along the Nile River and a system of canals to the construction site, a journey that took between two and three days.
EGYPT'S LOST 4TH PYRAMID | Secrets of Ancient Egypt"

 

[GoodAttention]

Clarify?


I am not sure what your asking here. The core of pyramid used a lower grade limestone in large blocks, and covered with high grade white limestone which is basically gone. likely taken later for other buildings.

I found a reference that indicates some of the stone blocks are indeed concrete made from mining the low grade limestone. To make clear this is not reformed limestone, but a form concrete. I need to do more research on this. There are tow types of limestone around the pyramids, one hard pure and one softer and marly. ,
a
The harder more pure limestone is the upper Mokkatam Formation hat the pyramids sits on. The softer less pure limestone used in both stone blocks and making the concrete blocks is marly (low grade) nummulite type, The sphinx is carved from the low grade limestone.

More research is needed to resolve these issues. More to follow . . .

You keep insisting on concrete but where I the evidence for the use of ANY concrete in ancient times?

Reconstituted limestone with slaked quicklime, which also will naturally turn into limestone, makes the most sense.

There is no reason why the Egyptians couldn’t use reconstituted limestone, which is a superior material to natural limestone.