No, it wasn't....If you take the time to study the context, Paul was specifically refrring to the apostate israelites of old. Even thought they knew God's righteous decree, "they did not approve to hold God in accurate knowledge." They were thus reprehensible.
And, even if it he was referring to pagans, the Bible still shows what God's view on the matter is.
No, Paul is speaking about a time much earlier than the apostate Israelites. He is speaking about the time of this creation's first resurrection when Adam was called out from among mankind and given the "breath of life" and became the first "living" Man of the new creation then being organized. If his fellow "zombie" companions would have honored and received the dominion that was given to Him then all of the woeful things Paul went on to talk about would not have happened. They would have enjoyed Paradise without interruption.
Now, there is a definite connection between this "Paradise Lost" situation and apostate Israel. When individuals come forth in their resurrection they bring with them all of their former traits and tendencies. If you look at the nation of Israel as God's Bride, which is so, then She had adulteries and blasphemies on Her record. Thus, when She rises in Her resurrection, she isn't coming forth with a clean slate.
So, when you look at Adam and Eve from the perspective of them being put in a setup, the matter of who set them up becomes clear when you view Adam and Eve as the resurrected Jehovah and Israel. Israel's ancient apostasy lays the foundation for their 'fall' when they come forth in their resurrection at the beginning of the new creation.
There are some very specific mechanics to all of this. It just so happens that Ephraim was the ring leader of ancient Israel's apostasy and also the very first to come forth in the resurrection. This started for Ephraim on the 2520 year figure (See Book of Daniel and do your own Google search e.g.
http://www.2520yearprophecy.com/) taking you to about the 1830's or 1840's. However, elsewhere (Ezekiel 4, Lev 26:24) we see a 2730 year (390x7) period of judgment decreed against them to be turned over to the buffetings of the adversary.
So, if you put it all together, Ephraim comes forth in the first resurrection during the time he is yet decreed to be under the buffetings of the adversary. The factor here is about 200 years for this all to play out. This means that due to his former apostasy he stacked the deck against himself in a big way. He assured that he would be taken for a spoil and brought to death again, even though it was also time for him to enter into his resurrection and exaltation.
So, what Paul is speaking of was what happened in the previous creation cycle that we are now in the process of having play out again because we are in the time of Ephraim's resurrection (gathering) and exaltation (being given dominion over all things) to bring in the new creation. We are experiencing Paradise (being) Lost right now and its foundation was laid by Ephraim's ancient apostasy.
Have a nice day!