Thanks. I have a hard question on a slightly tangentially related topic, the translation of 'Devil' in the NT. I'm asking you, because you seem to know some things.
'Iblis' means hopeless and is Arabic, right?. 'Ha Satan' means adversary and is from Hebrew, from which we say 'Satan'. 'Devil' can be translated several ways and is Greek, and my question is about the translation of 'Devil' in early muslim commentary. (NT English translated from Greek Koine language). As I understand it, 'Devil' in the NT can mean someone who accuses or seeks to accuse, or it can refer to the Greek conception of demons, or it might mean other things such as madness or illness. Commentary on it is sometimes hard to find. The early Arabic scholars studied all kind of languages. Do you know if they left commentary upon this difficult word 'Devil' in the NT letters?
Peace be on you.
It is difficult to know whether they left any commentary about NT letters. But here are some findings which may help you to see in their perspective.
Peace be on you.
SHATAN
In Arabic, two possible roots of word Satan are Shatana and Shata.
-- If Shatana is taken as root, then the word Shatan means:
1--The being who is away from Truth and causes others go away from Truth.
2--The being who always thinks about mischieves and is committed to stand against Truth.
-- If Shata is taken as root, then Shatan means:
3-The being which is destroyed due to jealousy, prejudice and anger.
There are some more meanings of Shatan i.e.
4-- Rebellious, the one who crosses limits; maybe from common people or hidden people or animal.
5Small snake.
6Evil Spirit.
7The one who dives in water in depth.
IBLIS
It is derived from Ablasa
. Following meanings follow.
1-The being who is hopeless from mercy of God.
2-The being, from whom, the expectation of goodness is very little.
3-The being who is wondering what to do?
4-The being who is filled with sadness.
Commentary: Shatan is being who is away from Truth or who progresses in evil
. Iblis is the one who is hopeless
.God has made Shatan / Iblis as a being which is to test human. It is a negative force which is against the positive force of Angels. Their representatives / shadows work in the physical world.
The Angels are first ring in the chain of working of universe by God. They start movement of commandments of God into physical world. Those who obey are righteous and those who do not obey and resist they accept negative effect of Iblis. In the story of Adam, there was main Shatan and its representatives.
Human is made is do virtues. They should disregard evil temptations at choice. That earns them blessings.
[Based on Commentary of Holy Quran by Second Ahmadiyya Muslims Khalifah (r.a.).]
You may want to read some commentaries here at
https://www.alislam.org/quran/
[According to Ahmadiyya Muslim understanding, Jesus peace be on him, survived from cross, migrated to meet lost sheep, and went to Kashmir through Iran, Afghanistan, detailed evidences in alislam.org]
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Here are some helping links which may be from your religion:
A History Of The Devil And Satan In Old Testament Times
Definition of the Devil
Good wishes.