I think initially the law regarding alcohol was gradually introduced.. At first believers were restricted from being under the influence of alcohol when they prayed
O ye who believe! approach not prayer while ye are drunk, until ye well know what ye say; nor yet while polluted,- unless ye be passing by the way,- until ye have washed yourselves
(The Qur'an (E.H. Palmer tr), Sura 4 - Women)
and later it was extended to the entire life.. so it was gradually enforced...
219. They ask thee concerning wine and gambling. Say: "In them is great sin, and some profit, for men; but the sin is greater than the profit." They ask thee how much they are to spend; say: "What is beyond your needs." Thus doth Allah make clear to you His Signs: in order that ye may consider.
(The Qur'an (Yusuf Ali tr), Surah 2)
Volume 7, Book 69, Number 491:
Narrated 'Aisha:
Allah's Apostle was asked about Al-Bit. He said, "All drinks that intoxicate are
unlawful (to drink.)
The "wine" of heaven is a symbol of spiritual wine:
15. (Here is) a Parable of the Garden which the righteous are promised: in it are rivers of water incorruptible: rivers of milk of which the taste never changes; rivers of wine, a joy to those who drink; and rivers of honey pure and clear. In it there are for them all kinds of fruits, and Grace from their Lord. (Can those in such Bliss) be compared to such as shall dwell for ever in the Fire, and be given, to drink, boiling water, so that it cuts up their bowels (to pieces)?
(The Qur'an (Yusuf Ali tr), Surah 47)
That wine of God (the righteous) yields a perfume of musk;
Other wine (the evil) is reserved for penalties and pains.
(Mathnavi of Rumi (E.H. Whinfield tr), The Masnavi Vol 1)