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Just Accidental?

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Deeje

Avid Bible Student
Premium Member
I don't get your point. What are you questioning?

This is the supposed evolutionary history of the cuttlefish, including the Cephalopod phylogenetic tree.

If you read what it says without the evolutionary lenses, all you see is the same supposition that is presented as science in every article I have ever read that was designed to present evolution as a fact. Supposition is not a fact.

The 'macro-evolution' of any species is not provable by any scientific method. It can be supposed and suggested, but not proven. If you can't prove it, it isn't a fact. It is a belief......just like we have.
 

ImmortalFlame

Woke gremlin
This is the supposed evolutionary history of the cuttlefish, including the Cephalopod phylogenetic tree.

If you read what it says without the evolutionary lenses, all you see is the same supposition that is presented as science in every article I have ever read that was designed to present evolution as a fact. Supposition is not a fact.

The 'macro-evolution' of any species is not provable by any scientific method. It can be supposed and suggested, but not proven. If you can't prove it, it isn't a fact. It is a belief......just like we have.
Except macro-evolution has been repeatedly observed.

Observed Instances of Speciation
Some More Observed Speciation Events
 

Deeje

Avid Bible Student
Premium Member
Except macro-evolution has been repeatedly observed.

Observed Instances of Speciation

From your first link....

Species Definitions
A discussion of speciation requires a definition of what constitutes a species. This is a topic of considerable debate within the biological community. Three recent reviews in the Journal of Phycology give some idea of the scope of the debate (Castenholz 1992, Manhart and McCourt 1992, Wood and Leatham 1992). There are a variety of different species concept currently in use by biologists. These include folk, biological, morphological, genetic, paleontological, evolutionary, phylogenetic and biosystematic definitions. In the interest of brevity, I'll only discuss four of these -- folk, biological, morphological and phylogenetic. A good review of species definitions is given in Stuessy 1990."

So it appears as if the definition of a species itself is up for grabs. What "concept" have you adopted?

It goes on to say....

Criticisms of the Biological Species Concept
There has been considerable criticism of the theoretical validity and practical utility of the BSC. (Cracraft 1989, Donoghue 1985, Levin 1979, Mishler and Donoghue 1985, Sokal and Crovello 1970).

The application of the BSC to a number of groups, including land plants, is problematical because of interspecific hybridization between clearly delimited species (McCourt and Hoshaw 1990, Mishler 1985).

There is an abundance of asexual populations that this definition just doesn't apply to (Budd and Mishler 1990). Examples of taxa which are obligately asexual include bdelloid rotifers, euglenoid flagellates, some members of the Oocystaceae (coccoid green algae), chloromonad flagellates and some araphid pennate diatoms. Asexual forms of normally sexual organisms are known. Obligately asexual populations of Daphnia are found in some arctic lakes. The BSD can be of no help in delimiting species in these groups. A similar situation is found in the prokaryotes. Though genes can be exchanged among bacteria by a number of mechanisms, sexuality, as defined in eukaryotes, in unknown in the prokaryotes. One popular microbiology text doesn't even mention the BSC (Brock and Madigan 1988). . . .

The applicability of the BSC is also questionable in those land plants that primarily self-pollinate (Cronquist 1988).

A more serious criticism is that the BSC is inapplicable in practice. This charge asserts that, in most cases, the BSC cannot be practically applied to delimit species. The BSC suggests breeding experiments as the test of species membership. But this is a test that is rarely made. The number of crosses needed to delimit membership in a species can be astronomical. . . . .

Another reason why using the BSC to delimit species is impractical is that breeding experiments can often be inconclusive. Interbreeding in nature can be heavily influenced by variable and unstable environmental factors. . . .

A final problem with the BSC is that groups that do not occur together in time cannot be evaluated. We simply cannot know whether two such groups would interbreed freely if they came together under natural conditions. This makes it impossible to delimit the boundaries of extinct groups using the BSC. One question will illustrate the problem. Do Homo erectus and Homo sapiens represent the same or different species? This question is unresolvable using the biological definition."


Do you even read your own links? The problems encountered with even a definition make it impossible to come to any substantive conclusions about any of it. it is pure guesswork.
 

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Deeje

Avid Bible Student
Premium Member

In this second link....(pics added for clarity)

Example one:
220px-Drosophila_pseudoobscura-Male.png



Two strains of Drosophila paulistorum.


Example two:
images


Evidence that a species of fireweed formed by doubling of the chromosome count, from the original stock.


Example three:
upload_2017-6-17_13-15-46.jpeg


Rapid speciation of the Faeroe Island house mouse.


Example four:
images



Formation of five new species of cichlid fishes.

Now how on earth are these examples of macro-evolution when we can see that none of them morphed outside of their taxonomic family?

The flies remained flies....the fireweed remained fireweed....the mouse remained a mouse....and the cichlid remained a cichlid.

Where is the "observation" of anything but adaptation? :shrug:
 

Valjean

Veteran Member
Premium Member
Deeje, this has been proposed and shot down a thousand times in RF alone.

When will we get an explanation of how a genome knows when to block the accumulation of small changes so as to avoid morphing into a new "kind?"

I'll bet there was not a single individual in Rome over the past two millennia who could say he'd witnessed Latin turn into Italian. Every individual would have insisted it was still the same language he and his parents and grandparents spoke.
 

Deeje

Avid Bible Student
Premium Member
After all these millions of years....the flies are still flies and the plants are still plants and the mice are still mice and the cichlids are still cichlids. What was shot down? There was no morphing. There was adapting, which only produces variety within a taxonimic family. That is what science can prove....nothing more. Anything beyond that is purely speculative.
 

Valjean

Veteran Member
Premium Member
After all these millions of years....the flies are still flies and the plants are still plants and the mice are still mice and the cichlids are still cichlids. What was shot down? There was no morphing. There was adapting, which only produces variety within a taxonimic family. That is what science can prove....nothing more. Anything beyond that is purely speculative.
The flies, plants, mice and fish have have ramified into countless other species and are, themselves, offshoots of previous species.
 

Deeje

Avid Bible Student
Premium Member
The flies, plants, mice and fish have have ramified into countless other species and are, themselves, offshoots of previous species.
Prove it....show us the evidence that what scientists think happened, really did. I'll wait
146fs495919.gif
no rush.....
 

ImmortalFlame

Woke gremlin
From your first link....

Species Definitions
A discussion of speciation requires a definition of what constitutes a species. This is a topic of considerable debate within the biological community. Three recent reviews in the Journal of Phycology give some idea of the scope of the debate (Castenholz 1992, Manhart and McCourt 1992, Wood and Leatham 1992). There are a variety of different species concept currently in use by biologists. These include folk, biological, morphological, genetic, paleontological, evolutionary, phylogenetic and biosystematic definitions. In the interest of brevity, I'll only discuss four of these -- folk, biological, morphological and phylogenetic. A good review of species definitions is given in Stuessy 1990."

So it appears as if the definition of a species itself is up for grabs. What "concept" have you adopted?

It goes on to say....

Criticisms of the Biological Species Concept
There has been considerable criticism of the theoretical validity and practical utility of the BSC. (Cracraft 1989, Donoghue 1985, Levin 1979, Mishler and Donoghue 1985, Sokal and Crovello 1970).

The application of the BSC to a number of groups, including land plants, is problematical because of interspecific hybridization between clearly delimited species (McCourt and Hoshaw 1990, Mishler 1985).

There is an abundance of asexual populations that this definition just doesn't apply to (Budd and Mishler 1990). Examples of taxa which are obligately asexual include bdelloid rotifers, euglenoid flagellates, some members of the Oocystaceae (coccoid green algae), chloromonad flagellates and some araphid pennate diatoms. Asexual forms of normally sexual organisms are known. Obligately asexual populations of Daphnia are found in some arctic lakes. The BSD can be of no help in delimiting species in these groups. A similar situation is found in the prokaryotes. Though genes can be exchanged among bacteria by a number of mechanisms, sexuality, as defined in eukaryotes, in unknown in the prokaryotes. One popular microbiology text doesn't even mention the BSC (Brock and Madigan 1988). . . .

The applicability of the BSC is also questionable in those land plants that primarily self-pollinate (Cronquist 1988).

A more serious criticism is that the BSC is inapplicable in practice. This charge asserts that, in most cases, the BSC cannot be practically applied to delimit species. The BSC suggests breeding experiments as the test of species membership. But this is a test that is rarely made. The number of crosses needed to delimit membership in a species can be astronomical. . . . .

Another reason why using the BSC to delimit species is impractical is that breeding experiments can often be inconclusive. Interbreeding in nature can be heavily influenced by variable and unstable environmental factors. . . .

A final problem with the BSC is that groups that do not occur together in time cannot be evaluated. We simply cannot know whether two such groups would interbreed freely if they came together under natural conditions. This makes it impossible to delimit the boundaries of extinct groups using the BSC. One question will illustrate the problem. Do Homo erectus and Homo sapiens represent the same or different species? This question is unresolvable using the biological definition."


Do you even read your own links? The problems encountered with even a definition make it impossible to come to any substantive conclusions about any of it. it is pure guesswork.
So you admit that the distinction between "micro" and "macro" evolution is extremely vague?
 

ImmortalFlame

Woke gremlin
In this second link....(pics added for clarity)

Example one:
220px-Drosophila_pseudoobscura-Male.png



Two strains of Drosophila paulistorum.


Example two:
images


Evidence that a species of fireweed formed by doubling of the chromosome count, from the original stock.


Example three: View attachment 18047

Rapid speciation of the Faeroe Island house mouse.


Example four:
images



Formation of five new species of cichlid fishes.

Now how on earth are these examples of macro-evolution when we can see that none of them morphed outside of their taxonomic family?
They evolved outside of their species - that's what macroevolution is.

The flies remained flies....the fireweed remained fireweed....the mouse remained a mouse....and the cichlid remained a cichlid.
But they all became different SPECIES of each family. That's what macro-evolution is.

Where is the "observation" of anything but adaptation? :shrug:
It IS adaptation, which is a result of evolution, and in this case it is macro-evolution because it is above the species level.

You can't just invent your own categories.
 

It Aint Necessarily So

Veteran Member
Premium Member
This is all you have Mr Fly? Its getting old.

That's pretty ironic coming from a person whose chief argument against evolution is a seemingly endless series pretty pictures and an argument from incredulity, both repeatedly rejected as persuasive.

Maybe if you present another fifty such posts with pictures asking the thread how what is shown can exist without an intelligent designer, somebody will come to Jesus.
 

It Aint Necessarily So

Veteran Member
Premium Member
If you read what it says without the evolutionary lenses, all you see is the same supposition that is presented as science in every article I have ever read that was designed to present evolution as a fact. Supposition is not a fact.

Evolution is a fact. It has been observed.

The 'macro-evolution' of any species is not provable by any scientific method. It can be supposed and suggested, but not proven. If you can't prove it, it isn't a fact. It is a belief......just like we have.

Speciation is a fact. It has been observed.

What has never been observed is an intelligent designer.
 
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It Aint Necessarily So

Veteran Member
Premium Member
Prove it....show us the evidence that what scientists think happened, really did. I'll wait
146fs495919.gif
no rush.....

There is never a duty to provide evidence to a person that doesn't use it to make decisions. You believe by faith. How about we offer you an alternative idea to believe by faith? Flip your coin again to see what you should choose to believe, then believe that. It might be evolution this time.
 

Deeje

Avid Bible Student
Premium Member
So you admit that the distinction between "micro" and "macro" evolution is extremely vague?

No...I am saying that adaptation is a proven fact, demonstrated in many species.....seen in laboratory experiments. It is what Darwin based his theory upon.
Yet what Darwin saw was adaptation, not macro-evolution. None of the species he observed was outside their taxonomic family. He saw a new varieties of recognizable creatures adapted to survive in a new environment with a new food source. He saw nothing else.

Macro-evolution is not a proven fact and never was. Calling them both "evolution" is very dishonest IMO. Show us the evidence for macro-evolution that does not involve inference, suggestion, supposition or educated guessing....please.

They evolved outside of their species - that's what macroevolution is.

Macro-evolution is a figment of scientist's imagination. Nothing has ever evolved "outside" of their species. That is a suggestion backed up by nothing but speculation. "If a little is good...a lot must be better"...that is how I see scientists explaining how macro-evolution happened. They say it "must have" happened....why? Because they want it to be true, not because they can prove that it ever took place.
no.gif


But they all became different SPECIES of each family. That's what macro-evolution is.

Uh Uh
nono.gif
.....nice try. Variety within species is seen everywhere. What we don't see is any intermediate varieties of anything, linking them to other species. All the diagrams I have ever seen are assumptions about creatures of similar appearance, "morphing" into something else, many millions of years apart, with nothing at all linking them except a scientist's suggestion.

It IS adaptation, which is a result of evolution, and in this case it is macro-evolution because it is above the species level.

You can't just invent your own categories.

Inventing things? You mean science doesn't invent their own ideas about how life began and then how it changed in all those millions of years? Now that's funny.
171.gif


OK, what do we know about evolution "above the species level"?

This explanation is from http://www.indiana.edu/~ensiweb/pap.macroevolution.pdf

"The basic concept of evolution – change over time – can be examined in two different time frames. The first, which considers the time period covering a few generations for a population, is microevolution. There are many examples of microevolution that are handy for teaching, such as drug resistance (NESCent 2006a) and changes in beak size of finches in the Galapagos (NESCent 2006b). Macroevolution is the study of evolution over geologic time (thousands to millions of years). It tends to be a much more challenging idea to teach since it requires an awareness of geologic time, and relies on inferences from fossils and other records of historical events, complicated molecular analyses, and phylogenies. In general it is more difficult to grasp because it offers fewer tangible ideas. Examples of macroevolution are found in the organismal diversity all around us, but the process cannot be observed or experimentally manipulated due to the time frame involved. What scientists can do is compare the results of “natural experiments”, as seen in fossils and modern organisms, and make inferences from them. The applications of macroevolution in modern life tend to be less obvious than microevolution because of the extreme time scale. One application of macroevolution is in the development of conservation plans (NESCent 2006c) because macroevolution examines the generation of new species and the decline of species – key pieces of information for effective conservation efforts."

Read that definition and tell me where science does not use inference and suggestion to prop up their ideas? No one can go back millions of years and tell us with any accuracy what happened......only the Creator was around to tell us first hand how it went down.
4chsmu1.gif
I have no reason to disbelieve him.
 

Deeje

Avid Bible Student
Premium Member
Evolution is a fact. It has been observed.

Speciation is a fact. It has been observed.

What has never been observed is an intelligent designer.

171.gif
Sorry...adaptation has been observed and is not in dispute...macro-evolution OTOH has never been observed anywhere and never will be....because you can't prove that it ever happened. If you could, we would have seen the evidence by now, but it never comes. The real evidence that doesn't have to rely on assumption and suggestion.....haven't seen any.

Evidence for an Intelligent Designer is all around you....you just give the credit to something unintelligent.
mornincoffee.gif


Maybe if you present another fifty such posts with pictures asking the thread how what is shown can exist without an intelligent designer, somebody will come to Jesus.

Gladly...you just never know who is reading and making decisions about this question....do you? ;)

You believe by faith.

So do you. :p

How about we offer you an alternative idea to believe by faith? Flip your coin again to see what you should choose to believe, then believe that. It might be evolution this time.

I don't need to flip a coin to see which has the most convincing evidence. You can if you like.....what have you got to lose...? :D
 
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ImmortalFlame

Woke gremlin
No...I am saying that adaptation is a proven fact, demonstrated in many species.....seen in laboratory experiments. It is what Darwin based his theory upon.
Adaptation is CAUSED by evolution.

Yet what Darwin saw was adaptation, not macro-evolution. None of the species he observed was outside their taxonomic family. He saw a new varieties of recognizable creatures adapted to survive in a new environment with a new food source. He saw nothing else.
But we have seen that since.

Macro-evolution is not a proven fact and never was. Calling them both "evolution" is very dishonest IMO. Show us the evidence for macro-evolution that does not involve inference, suggestion, supposition or educated guessing....please.
I've already provided you with multiple links to observed instances of speciation.

Macro-evolution is a figment of scientist's imagination. Nothing has ever evolved "outside" of their species.
We have already observed speciation multiple times.

That is a suggestion backed up by nothing but speculation. "If a little is good...a lot must be better"...that is how I see scientists explaining how macro-evolution happened. They say it "must have" happened....why? Because they want it to be true, not because they can prove that it ever took place.
no.gif
No, they say it happened because it's what has been observed to happen.

Uh Uh
nono.gif
.....nice try. Variety within species is seen everywhere. What we don't see is any intermediate varieties of anything, linking them to other species.
We have thousands of examples of intermediate fossils, and we have countless living relatives to each other in nature today.

All the diagrams I have ever seen are assumptions about creatures of similar appearance, "morphing" into something else, many millions of years apart, with nothing at all linking them except a scientist's suggestion.
Except for years of research, of course.

Inventing things? You mean science doesn't invent their own ideas about how life began and then how it changed in all those millions of years? Now that's funny.
171.gif
You're inventing categories that are nebulously defined. For example:

Please explain EXACTLY what would constitute "macro-evolution", in your view? If we were to directly observe macro-evoution, what would we see?

Please note that "one organism evolving into a different kind of organism" is not a suitable answer, unless you can specifically define what constitutes a "different kind" and where exactly the barrier lies.

OK, what do we know about evolution "above the species level"?

This explanation is from http://www.indiana.edu/~ensiweb/pap.macroevolution.pdf

"The basic concept of evolution – change over time – can be examined in two different time frames. The first, which considers the time period covering a few generations for a population, is microevolution. There are many examples of microevolution that are handy for teaching, such as drug resistance (NESCent 2006a) and changes in beak size of finches in the Galapagos (NESCent 2006b). Macroevolution is the study of evolution over geologic time (thousands to millions of years). It tends to be a much more challenging idea to teach since it requires an awareness of geologic time, and relies on inferences from fossils and other records of historical events, complicated molecular analyses, and phylogenies. In general it is more difficult to grasp because it offers fewer tangible ideas. Examples of macroevolution are found in the organismal diversity all around us, but the process cannot be observed or experimentally manipulated due to the time frame involved. What scientists can do is compare the results of “natural experiments”, as seen in fossils and modern organisms, and make inferences from them. The applications of macroevolution in modern life tend to be less obvious than microevolution because of the extreme time scale. One application of macroevolution is in the development of conservation plans (NESCent 2006c) because macroevolution examines the generation of new species and the decline of species – key pieces of information for effective conservation efforts."

Read that definition and tell me where science does not use inference and suggestion to prop up their ideas? No one can go back millions of years and tell us with any accuracy what happened......only the Creator was around to tell us first hand how it went down.
4chsmu1.gif
I have no reason to disbelieve him.
What call you tell me about anything, without inference?

Also, I'm impressed by your ability to pick and choose sources to believe. I've already presented you with examples of observed speciation - a process which is defined a macro-evolution - and you're outright rejecting them. All you've really done is prove how dishonest you are, willing to outright reject anything that contradicts your preconceptions while accepting anything that fits poorly-structured and nebulously defined argument. For reference:

"Macroevolution generally refers to evolution above the species level."
What is macroevolution?

"Macroevolution is evolution on a scale at or above the level of species, in contrast with microevolution,[1] which refers to smaller evolutionary changes ofallele frequencies within a species or population.[2] Macroevolution and microevolution describe fundamentally identical processes on different time scales.[3][4]"
Macroevolution - Wikipedia

"In evolutionary biology today, macroevolution is used to refer to any evolutionary change at or above the level of species. It means at least the splitting of a species into two (speciation, or cladogenesis, from the Greek meaning "the origin of a branch") or the change of a species over time into another (anagenetic speciation, not nowadays generally accepted)"
Macroevolution: Its definition, Philosophy and History

"major evolutionary transition from one type oforganism to another occurring at the level of thespecies and higher taxa."
the definition of macroevolution

"Macroevolution involves variation of allele frequencies at or above the level of a species, where an allele is a specific iteration of a given gene."
Macroevolution - Biology-Online Dictionary

But, why should you care what any of these other links say? You have found one page that you can interpret as already fitting within your worldview, so all other facts are irrelevant - just like the definition of "macro-evolution" that you ignore. To you, it just means "whatever amount of evolution is defined by me as being the kind we don't directly observe">

Honestly, your desperate scrabbling is quite childish. You honestly believe that pointing out that science uses inference is actually a crippling blow. But that's how logic works. That's how people formulate reasonable conclusions. You've even spent entire posts combing through scientific papers and highlighting uncertain clauses, as if to say "look- they aren't certain about it!". This is the way a child argues. If I went through every link you did this to and replaced all the "may haves" with "definitely dids", would that make those sources more reliable, in your eyes? No, of course not. And why not? Because admitting uncertainty is what reasonable and honest people do, and it's an indication that, unlike you, they are open-minded to the possibility of them being wrong. Yet you accuse scientists of preconception, ignorance and bias.

You've not an ounce of honesty in you. You're not worth debating this with any more.
 

It Aint Necessarily So

Veteran Member
Premium Member
Macro-evolution is a figment of scientist's imagination.

We could grant you that and still have a theory as well founded as creationism. We could have zero evidence for evolution, believe it by faith anyway, and be as justified in our belief as a creationist.

And the theory of evolution would still be better than creationism. The science is useful. Right or wrong, it still continues with its perfect record of predicting certain things that can and cannot be found in world, and it continues to have practical application to technology, which has improved the human condition. Creationism can't do either of those things.

That alone is evidence that evolutionary theory is correct and creationism incorrect. The mark of a correct idea is its ability to be used to achieve desired outcomes. The mark of an incorrect idea is that it doesn't do that. If the beach is two miles to the south, and that's where you'd like to be, the idea that going south will get you to the beach - a correct idea - will lead to a desired outcome being realized, whereas having the idea that one can get to the beach by going two miles north will fail at achieving the desired outcome.

The correct idea is the one that is useful in achieving desired results. Creationism cannot help us achieve any desired result, which by itself doesn't make it wrong. Because an alternative idea that can do that, we are justified in rejecting creationism. The idea has no utility.
 

It Aint Necessarily So

Veteran Member
Premium Member
Read that definition and tell me where science does not use inference and suggestion to prop up their ideas?

Inference can be a logically valid procedure if done properly. I can draw what I think you will agree are valid inferences from your posting. I can assume that at some time in the past, you learned to read and write. I wasn't there and didn't see it, but I'll bet I'm correct.

I can also infer that before that, you were born, and before that, conceived, and before that, your parents met. How am I doing with my inferences?

No one can go back millions of years and tell us with any accuracy what happened......only the Creator was around to tell us first hand how it went down.

This creator isn't around, so it can't tell us anything first hand. All you have are words that we are told came from a god.

And you weren't there to see the creation, so, like the scientist that you criticize for taking inference, you have nothing but inference, in this case drawn from the words from in a holy book, words you have no reason to believe came from a god.
 

gnostic

The Lost One
That's pretty ironic coming from a person whose chief argument against evolution is a seemingly endless series pretty pictures and an argument from incredulity, both repeatedly rejected as persuasive.

Maybe if you present another fifty such posts with pictures asking the thread how what is shown can exist without an intelligent designer, somebody will come to Jesus.
Not a single photo she posted of animals demonstrably linked the animals being designed or created by Designer or Creator.

All she have done is take the photos out of context, and making empty and baseless assertions of Creator or Designer.
 

gnostic

The Lost One
If you read what it says without the evolutionary lenses, all you see is the same supposition that is presented as science in every article I have ever read that was designed to present evolution as a fact. Supposition is not a fact.

The 'macro-evolution' of any species is not provable by any scientific method. It can be supposed and suggested, but not proven. If you can't prove it, it isn't a fact. It is a belief......just like we have.
Proof are not fact, evidence are.

Proofs are mathematical equations, not evidences.

Mathematicians are the ones who "prove", and what they tried to prove is solving their equations.

Scientists "test" or "discover" evidence.

The Scientific Method is a process for testing and experimenting hypothesis, to see if his premise and prediction made, can be VERIFIED or REFUTED.

Any test must be repeatable. A scientist never performs just one test.

Conclusion is only reached if scientist has enough test data (by performing many tests) to examine if his hypothesis is (A) successful and correct, or (B) failed and incorrect.
 
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