Thank you. I often have to edit auto-corrected words on my iPad because it will substitute a word I never intended. Very frustrating sometimes.
We do not see Russell as a "founder", even though others might....we see Russell and his companions as the ones who fulfilled the prophesy in Daniel 12:4, 9, 10. There was to be a 'cleansing and refining' of Jehovah's people at "the time of the end". An abundance of knowledge was also to be made available at this time.
If there was no necessity to clean or refine God's worship, then why would God foretell it? Someone had to be the catalyst for this cleansing. Just as Luther was the catalyst for the Reformation, so Russell was used to begin cleaning up the erroneous doctrines that had crept into Christendom centuries ago. It was time to identify the "weeds" of Jesus' parable. But Russell was not alone and he never claimed to be any kind of prophet.
Russell wasn't the only one to have problems with the teachings of hellfire and the trinity. These teachings misrepresent the Father as a fiendish torturer and they substitute another god in the place of the Father, who shares his godship with no one. He has no equal. Immortality of the soul was also found to be unscriptural.
It was not so much "a Bible class" as an intensive investigation of the scriptures to see if Christendom's teaching stood up under scrutiny. They allowed the scriptures to speak for themselves, without the borrowed doctrines from pagan teachings that infiltrated when the foretold apostasy dominated the Christian faith.
His ideas proved that Christendom's teachings were a lie. They were "aberrant" only to the churches who were livid that anyone would challenge their core beliefs....let alone prove by the scriptures themselves that these teachings had no place in a Christian's faith. Russell was a gifted public speaker and he was also independently wealthy. He used his own funds to bring the WT Society into being. Christendom had powerful allies, so to become independent in his publishing, was a good move.
Russell's talks were broadcast on the radio and syndicated in some newspapers and he also took part in public debates with Christendom's clergy. People responded in much the same way as people responded to Jesus and his apostles. Some listened appreciatively and came to hear more, whilst others reacted with anger. These whipped up opposition. Jesus said this would happen (John 15:18-21)
The Watchtower Society was the a Bible Society dedicated to printing Bible literature to publicise the findings of Russell's group. It was met with great success. Apparently many people were not confident that Christendom's church system was teaching them God's word, but rather promoting "traditions of men" and collecting vast amounts of money.
Russell and his companions conducted their intense Bible research over many years, and slowly as their knowledge increased, more and more doctrines and teachings were eliminated as fraudulent. The Watchtower magazine was used to publicise their findings and has never missed a printing for over 100 years.
The Watchtower today has a printing of around 53,000,000 copies each month in 240 languages. So when you consider that there are only 8,000,000 Witnesses....there are a lot of people who read our magazines each month. The Watchtower and Awake continue to be accepted and enjoyed by millions of people, world wide. The "good news of the kingdom" continues to be preached "in all the inhabited earth" as Jesus said it would.
Since we believe that Russell's group were directed by God's spirit, as they continued to clean up Jehovah's worship, we trust that as the light on the path continued to get brighter, (Prov 4:18) that those who wanted to lead them down another path were rejected.
Human propensity to follow individuals was challenged when Russell died. God does not want us to follow any man. But God's truth has always been dispensed via human agency. What we have to do is gauge from the results of Russell's actions whether the teachings his group revealed from the scriptures via the Watchtower magazine and in the growing congregations of the Bible Students, stood the test of time. Gamaliel's words to the Jewish Sanhedrin give us a way to determine whether something is from God or not. (Acts 5:29-39) If these teachings were not from God, the group would fizzle out. But as can be observed, we have gone from strength to strength because we adhere to the teachings of the Christ...ALL of them, not just the ones we find convenient.
Our website
jw.org has millions of visitors every day and thousands of Bible studies are requested. We personally reply to all requests....but in some lands there is actually a waiting list for Bible studies. These are free and they are conducted personally. All literature is free too. The truth will triumph over falsehood in the hearts of "worthy ones" as we "search" for them in our global preaching work, which Jesus said would be carried out in this "time of the end". (Matt 10:11-15; 24:14)
The "presidency" was as head of an organisation used to print and ship vast amounts of literature. The International Bible Students were the name by which Jehovah's Witnesses were known in those days. Just as today...Jehovah's Witnesses use the Watchtower Bible and Tract Society to print their literature. This is a legal body which by law must have a president and a board of men responsible for its operation. Most people do not understand the distinction.
Joseph Rutherford was Russell's successor as president of the WTBTS. Having observed the emotional attachment that many had for Russell, (of itself not a bad thing) he tried to focus on the teachings, rather than the teachers. This prevented factionalism. The teachings are what have always united Jehovah's people. Unless we all subscribe to the same teachings, disunity will follow. We value our love and unity. We also see the value of obedience to the teachings of those who lead us. Apart from Jesus Christ, there is no one who is seen as our "Leader". The shepherds who are chosen to direct us are under the operation of God's spirit and we are told to obey their direction. (Heb 13:7, 17) Those who chafe under that direction will not stay....and frankly, we don't want them in our ranks causing division.
It wasn't Rutherford who adopted the name...it was the whole body of older men. Apart from Jesus, Christians have never been directed by one man. There was not one apostle....there were 12 who all shared in teaching the congregations.
Since our commission was to be "witnesses" of Jesus "to the most distant part of the earth", we saw the need to adopt a name that distinguished us as true witnesses of Jehovah. Why "Jehovah's" Witnesses and not "Jesus'" Witnesses?
We take our name from Isaiah 43:10. And we understand that Jesus is also a witness for his Father. In Rev 3:14 Jesus is called "the faithful and true witness" so we will imitate the Christ in being witnesses for Jehovah.
Thank you for asking. It is no problem addressing things that are written in opposition to JW's. As long as they are not walls of cut and paste rubbish, borrowed from anti-JW sites, clarifications can make a world of difference to people's understanding about who we are and where we came from.