But expanding? The universe is expanding but can an infinity expand?
By definition there are several infinities from infinitely small to infinity large but i can find no reference to them expanding. I personally think it's impossible for an infinity to expand or contract that would make a mockery of infinity.
If we apply the second law to the universe, then the entropy of the entire universe has to increase. While an increase in universal entropy will lower universal energy, since increased entropy will be endothermic and will absorb energy; -TS. The red shift, that is currently assumed due to expansion, could also be an artifact of universal entropy increase. absorbing energy from energy, thereby red shifting all photons. Expansion, in this scenario, would be a relative reference illusion created by the second law.
Look at it this way. Say a very distant source, from the early in the universe, was moving away very fast. We see a red shift. If universe space-time was also expanding, the initial red shift, due to the doppler shift, would continue to red shift all the way to us, since space-time would still be expanding for billions of years beyond that object light emission, all the way to us. In that case, the final red shift should be the original doppler shift plus 12 billion years of further space-time expansion. The doppler shift only estimate for the object but not all the extra travel through time with space-time expanding. Under that scenario the universe should be much younger; just doppler shift. How can the object's doppler shift stop in time, with the universe still expanding? The expansion should stretch out all wavelengths; continued red shift.
The current theory assumes that dark energy can expand space-time. Based on that, the red shift effect we should have two legs; doppler shift and the secondary dark energy expansion due to continued space-time expansion.
On the other hand, if space-time was only generated by mass/matter; GR, and the matter is leading and is spreading out; via entropy like a gas in a volume, and thereby expanding space-time via mass driven GR, the second leg would be sort of a wash, since the whole universe will see the same mass adjustment. Then the current scenario would make more sense in terms of just the doppler shift. But they added a dark energy addendum that bites them in the butt, by adding a secondary red shift drive that will further affect that energy within empty space.
I am an entropy type of guy since it is a law, while dark energy has yet to be proven in the lab to become law. My simple model of space-time and separated space and time, makes separated/independent space and time, the cause this universal special effect; red shift. It also causes what we call gravity, since both are heading to the same place but by different roads; back to independent space and time.
Gravity lowers entropy, and by doing so increases the entropic potential against the second law. The most important use of this entropic potential activation energy, is mass burn; fusion. Mass cannot go the speed of light, which is the interface between space-time and independent space and time. To bring mass back home, to independent space and time, is first needs to be converted to energy. The energy is then brought the rest of the way, via entropy and the red shift, with goal, infinite wavelength energy.
If you were to travel the speed of light, the universe would appear to contract to a point-instant, with infinite wavelength energy the only full wavelength energy they can seen and also express that situation; satisfie the paradox of point and infinity; smaller than small and larger than large; time and space become untethered.