What are the qualities that distinguish humans from all other animals and, at what point, do these qualities develop during the pregnancy?
I would agree that the main issue here is "personhood". From a scientific perspective, (and yes I realize many still disagree, but there are some fundamental facts at work here that we can all agree on), the embryo is a human life form at the moment of conception. It contains human DNA, it is certain that it will grow and be born as a human and remain human for the rest of it's life. Also, logically speaking, if it wasn't human, of what species
would it be?
As far as an embryo only being
potential for human life and therefore not 'living', I would say that we're entering into a battle of semantics. I say that an embryo has the potential to become a four year old, on the same premise that a four year old has the potential to become a 14 or 24 year old. This fits in with one of the four differences between an embryo and a four year old that I listed earlier: degree of development. Just because it is not fully developed does not mean that it is not human or not living. The fact of the matter is, is that it
is human, and it
is living. That makes me think of another question: if it's not living, what is it? It's certainly not dead....yet.
And so, on to personhood. I don't know about you, but this seems like very subjective ground to me. Personally, I don't think that something should be judged as human or not based on their personhood, and here's why: Scientific studies have shown that some animals, (apes, dolphins, etc.), display the same overall intelligence and cognitive reasoning abilities as the average 7 year old. 7 year olds are certainly considered to be human--should we consider these animals to be human as well? On the other end of the spectrum, we have people living as vegetables due to serious accidents, or perhaps they were born that way. I tell you, even an unborn fetus has more brain activity than some of these people. Should someone not be considered human anymore after they are relegated to this state? Way back in the day, when we lived in caves, fished barehanded, and wore mammoth skins, if anything at all, we were certainly equal in intelligence and sense of self to many animal species living alongside us. Were we not human then?
Should a woman who was raped and is now suicidal because she is pregnant with the rapists child be allowed to terminate the pregnancy or should she be forced to carry the child to term? Should she be placed in protective custody and supervised 24 hrs./day until she gives birth? If she did attempt suicide and, as a result, had a miscarriage....should she then be charged with murder?
I see the unborn child, no matter how underdeveloped, to be equal with the born child. If a woman, who has born children, is under a great amount of emotional stress, is she allowed to kill those children so she doesn't have to deal with them anymore? I understand that in that case, the children can be taken away from her, but that if she was pregnant there would be no way to separate her from the baby, but are we then allowing the death of a child because the situation is too inconvenient to take care of? I think that a woman should most certainly receive some kind of punishment if she kills her baby while attempting suicide. If she were to kill a born child while attempting suicide she most certainly would.
Another thought: I think it's foolish to assume that a suicidal woman won't still try to commit suicide after she's had an abortion. In those cases, the reason why she is suicidal in the first place is largely due to the actual experience she had, and only due to the actual baby on a much lesser extent. Also, we've all seen the studies showing the psychological trauma that abortion entails. Does it really seem smart to put an already unstable woman through more mentally damaging experiences?
What of a woman who is on medication. A medication which can be very harmful to a developing fetus and must be stopped in order to ensure the safety of the pregnancy. For the sake of argument, stopping this medication would not necessarily cause permanent physical harm to the mother but could seriously impact her ability to function during the course of the pregnancy like women who are on psychiatric medication. Who should make this determination? A decision that will most likely not only impact the woman and the pregnancy but also her family?
For me, this fits in with the whole "what if the mother's life is at risk" scenario. Obviously these are special circumstances, which would require special guidelines. I don't know what those guidelines would be exactly, and I don't know who should be in charge of making them, but that doesn't mean it can't be done.
What about the use of birth control pills? Since they are abortifacients, anti-abortionists would like to make them illegal yet, often this medication is used for a variety of reasons other than birth control. Should they become illegal because they can terminate a pregnancy or will there be exceptions to this too.....and then, who will be trusted to determine these exceptions?
As far as birth control for medical reasons, I've already stated my position on abortion etc. for medically related scenarios. As for every day, run of the mill birth control, I would say that there are other ways. There are tons of different methods of birth control out there, including non-abortifacients. There are birth control pills which regulate a woman's menstrual cycle, to the end that she won't ovulate. Of course you know that, but what i'm sayoing is that those would certainly be preferred to something which terminates a pregnancy.
As you already noted, there are times when an abortion might be acceptible but who has the right to make this determination and how can this really be legislated? Certainly saying that the medical profession should be responsible for making this decison is unacceptible to anti-abortionists.
Well, they'd just have to deal with it then.
Seriously though, I think that putting legislation in the hands of objective medicine and science is a perfectly logical thing to do.
In re: late-term abortions which make up for less than 1% of all abortions and that is when even including spontaneous abortions.....did you know that Roe v. Wade legislates that late-term abortions should only be carried out in the case of serious health risks? It does not allow for abortions to be made because the woman just suddenly decides that she no longer wants to be pregnant
late term abortion has now been outlawed. I think we're all grateful for that!
yet the opposition to these abortions maintains that the MD's performing the abortions are not following the letter of the law and are performing abortions for other reasons.......so if we can't depend on the medical profession to make the right choice who should be in charge of making this determination?
Well, if doctors are going to lie to get more money or whatever else, then obviously the decision making should be up to objective doctors employed by the government for that exact job.
Ceridwen, I know I respond to many of your posts with questions/scenarios and I certainly do not expect you to have an answer for every specific one I pose here. My questions reflect my own thought processes on the issues and, is more to provide you some insight to why I am pro-choice.
Same to you! I'm glad we can talk like this. I don't have time to check out your site right this minute, but I assure you I will!