I guess I want to get other people's viewpoints on something that's been bothering me. When I read the Bible, I see some horrible things in there like war and plundering, things I could never call good. My sense of empathy and compassion won't allow me to see it as good, but then I see some people saying it's good and even loving on God's part. This is where it really bothers me. Isn't it bad when people start to totally redefine words in their minds to justify terrible things? Let's face it, what the Bible says Israel did to the Canaanites is not loving, not compassionate, not merciful, and not good. You have to totally redefine the meanings of those concepts to say such. Doesn't this suggest that it's dangerous and de-sensatizing to a society to read this book in this sense, literally?
First of all, I would want to point out that the two reasons that the Bible gives for following the commandments and worshipping God are: 1) God is the Creator of all things; and 2) God took Israel out of Egypt and established a covenant with them Sinai, wherein God agreed to be Israel's supreme authority, and Israel agreed to accept that authority. There is no mainstream argument made in the Hebrew Bible that God ought to be obeyed because He's sweet and gentle and nice, or that He's such a fun guy. And while the Tanakh certainly affirms that God is the source of all Good, it also affirms that He is the source of Evil, as well. Isaiah 45:7 says it explicitly, and, after all, if God is the One Sole Creator, that means
everything came from Him-- good and bad.
But I understand your query. What I would say in response is two things, one spoken from the Jewish tradition, and one spoken as a scholar of Biblical criticism and Jewish philosophy.
The Jewish traditional response would be to cite the well-known principle put forth by the Rabbis of the Talmud:
dibrah Torah ki'leshon b'nai adam. Meaning, "The Torah speaks according to the ways people use language." Which not only goes to explain the Biblical uses of idiom, metaphor, simile, and parable, but also is intended to teach that prophetic messages are expressed in the language that will be comprehensible to the immediate listener, and commandments are designed to form a system livable to those who immediately received them.
In other words, the Written Torah was given to a bunch of nomadic warrior-cattle herders from 3500 years ago. It introduced ideas that were, to that place and time, radical innovations in society: it placed limitations on slaveholding, on plundering and pillaging during battle, on business behavior; it demanded support for the dispossessed of Israelite society, and sympathy for the stranger living among them-- paradigmatic individuals who were hideously vulnerable and inevitably abused in every other society that surrounded ancient Israel; and so forth. Even problematic commandments like the elimination of Amalek and the conquest of the Land of Canaan were object lessons in learning to abhor needless brutality in battle, or they were defined objectives that prevented Israel from attempting to become empire builders. And what is more, the elmination of idolatrous sects was, unfortunately, a necessity in securing the faithful monotheism of an entirely novel theology into place in society. That Israel so often ignored these commandments and embraced idolatrous practices almost led to the destruction of the Jewish people before monotheism was accepted by all.
Torah pushed and challenged the limits of moral and ethical vision for that time and place. But had God given instructions couched more in terms of modern morals and ethics, the simple truth is that it would have sounded insane to the ancient Israelites, and they would have considered it totally unliveable. The People Israel would have abandoned their covenant with God, rejected Torah, and become lost to the ash-heap of history. For this reason, God gave the written Torah according to the levels of understanding and comprehension of the ancient Israelites; but gave with it the Oral Torah, so that as times changed, and the understanding and comprehension of the people Israel expanded and grew, the way we follow the commandments would also grow and evolve, and the ways in which we understood what God was asking of us would grow and evolve.
Now, my other answer is that Torah may well be a text whose authorship is divinely inspired. But it is patently unreasonable to say that it is literally written by God. If there is a divine element to Torah (and I personally believe there is), it comes from the text having been written, at various times and through many centuries, by prophets. But prophecy is a chancy business: messages come in visions, dreams, and trances, and must be actively interpreted by the prophet afterward, as the experience is being translated into poetry or narrative. But though prophets may hear God, they are still mortal, finite, flawed human beings: they may misinterpret what God wishes, or misunderstand, or simply be incorrect in what they believe God was telling them. Part of the challenge of the modern Jew (and, I suppose, by extension any modern reader of the Bible) is to attempt to sort out what must be taken at face value, or in the strict sense of the tradition, and what ought to be reinterpreted, or even reinterpreted radically, in order to try moving closer to what we imagine God must intend.
But, prophect or no prophecy, Tanakh is a work of human hands. It may or may not be considered holy, but it is undeniably a collection of historical texts-- composed by mortal men and women, who were themselves the products of their culture and environment. For example, if one lives in a world where indentured servitude is universal throughout every known land, one will simply be incapable of believing that a society could be completely free of it. If one lives in a world where pretty much all societies are patriarchal, one will create a patriarchal society. Are there problematic descriptions of God and His will in Tanakh? Of course: Tanakh was written by people living in a vastly different cultural environment, over a millennium or more, between 3000 and 2000 years ago. They had a completely different worldview, a different theology, different morals, and different ethics.
This is why reinterpretation and exegesis is critical to the persistence of the relevancy of Tanakh. Even in the layers of Torah text such reinterpretation is visible: clearly D is revisioning J and E; in Tanakh at large, the prophets radically revision things said by Torah; and then the Rabbis of the Talmud come along and radically revision the entire Tanakh-- a process we have continued to this day.
Whether I speak from tradition or academe, the beauty of Torah is not that it is "perfect" in its written form, but that as a whole-- Written and Oral Torah together-- it is designed to be interpreted and reinterpreted. And the traditionalist in me would add that that is what makes it eternal.