I can imagine having a ghost or a spirit, but such things may not have any sort of central location as we understand locations. Assuming we did have some intrinsic intangible essence like that it would still be within God as I understand things. In the mystical passage of Acts 17:28 Peter says its in God that we live and move and have our being, but God is everywhere. Hence transporter beam = no problem with a spirit, either.Physical change can change us as humans, that is plain from the amygdala etc . I do not assume that physical change does not change us. I do assume that physical change does not change our spirit however.
What I am assuming is that a copy is a copy is a copy. A copy of me, sitting next to me, thinking that it is me, is not me even if it knows what I had for breakfast last week. That is probably not an assumption really, it seems like logic to me.
I am assuming that we are more than a lump of material arranged in a certain way however. Life is more than that. A transporter beam only transports material. A copying of a body only for a resurrection ends up with a lump of dead matter unless a new breathe of life is put into it, a new spirit.
BUT probably the logic of what I said earlier about a copy being a copy and a copy sitting next to me not being me, would logically mean that there needs to be more than the material elements arranged in a certain way for me to be me. It is sort of an argument for the existence of the spirit.
I hope you could follow that.
Of course this is something that we cannot test and I don't know how it could be tested. If a 100 copies of me all thought they were me, how do we test if they actually are all me or not? Maybe multiple me's could be running around at the same time. It just seems "self evident" to me that a copy would not be me.
The upside could be that God's love would be expressed through us or mirrored by us, and another upside might be that God lacking human qualities could not be called 'Cruel' either. This doesn't answer your challenge, because God is a big topic. Its is perhaps too big for any post.Then of course that would mean that the creator of love and interpersonal relationships cannot love and relate. God would be less than His creation then I guess.