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Scientism

1137

Here until I storm off again
Premium Member
Sorry about the delay, busy day at work. Before quoting and responding to posts I want to cover mystical and secular mediation. All that is mean here is that mediation with religious symbolism or belief behind it is more beneficial (on average) than meditation without this. It is better to have a mantra related to a deity than to the meaningless empty universe. This was explained in the source as well, though it seems the link may have failed.
 

leibowde84

Veteran Member
Sorry about the delay, busy day at work. Before quoting and responding to posts I want to cover mystical and secular mediation. All that is mean here is that mediation with religious symbolism or belief behind it is more beneficial (on average) than meditation without this. It is better to have a mantra related to a deity than to the meaningless empty universe. This was explained in the source as well, though it seems the link may have failed.
can you please provide some kind of statistical evidence that shows this? I couldn't use the link you provided, but I just want to make sure more than merely scholarly opinion. I'm not doubting it at this point, but I need some kind of data to believe something like that. and obviously I would need the article to come from a secular rather than religious for obvious reasons. it just seems a little far fetched to me.
 

1137

Here until I storm off again
Premium Member
You might like this a bit better, 1337.

http://carbon.ucdenver.edu/~mryder/scientism_este.html

Here's the most relevant excerpt from it:



Drives me up the bloody wall, it does.

Thanks for this.

Why does it "drive you up the wall"? I feel like it is pretty reasonable to rely completely on empirical evidence, refusing to take anyone's word for anything without sufficient evidence. It's not the way that I choose to live my life, but I think it is completely understandable ... especially with all of the harm that religious beliefs seem to be causing these days.

If I claim that I have eaten ice cream before, will you say it's most likely fiction since I have no empirical evidence this happened? The problem isn't use of empirical evidence, just adherence to only empirical evidence. When it comes down to it, you can never prove you're not a brain in a vat, that other people are conscious, that we are seeing the same thing when we see the color "blue". Psychology would also be a useless field because we could never "know" anything about the patient, since often empirical evidence is hard to go by. Just because someone shows signs of being bipolar does not immediately imply they are. Even if we have such a tell tale sign as mania with the depression, maybe the patient is simply hyperactive when they are not depressed. We have to talk with them, know them as people, as individuals. We have to listen to and interpret their subjective opinions, believing much of what they say without any empirical evidence. How do I know patient A is REALLY being bullied at school? How do I really know if patient be has been mentally abused all her life?

2. In your opinion, how is it a "perversion of what the sciences are and what they are for"? Science is merely adherence to the scientific method of using repeated observation and experimentation to make substantiated theories about why things happen a certain way. In essence, science is a way (the best way that we have found thus far) to understand the physical world around us and, as a result, enabling us to make predictions based on those theories. So, how is limiting yourself to theories substantiated using observation and experimentation a "perversion" of what science was intended for. It seems like it is EXACTLY what science is meant to do ... provide substantiated explanations for the physical world around us.

Science is a tool - impartial and uncaring. When we put it up as a thing that gives us the only true form of gnosis/knowledge, things have changed. Yes science is the best tool we have for understanding the objective universe, but that's it. It does not (symbolically) come whisper all the secrets of the universe in our ears. We do not know whether god exists or not. We never will at this rate. Why? Science cannot address anything that is non-physical. Hell, how do we know all natural phenomenon isn't caused by dancing primordial beings of pure spirit, and all we can detect are the vibrations of their movements?

3. What does creativity, imagination, and the arts have to do with scientism? We know why certain notes sound good together because of scientific discoveries. Because of this understanding, we have been able to revolutionize sound and music. Further, music theory is based on the scientific method. Through observation and experimentation we developed a "sound code" or "guide" on how musical tones work and don't work together. And, it certainly isn't restrictive, as they aren't rules by any stretch of the imagination. They are merely an explanation for what will happen if tones are put together and how they relate to each other in terms of music.

Scientism essentially kills them. What you describing here is the science of music, not the scientism, something you do throughout this thread to the point where I think you're intentionally misunderstanding.

This is only one example, but I fail to see any reasonable argument that adherence to the scientific method devalues creativity, imagination and the arts. It strengthens them, and has strengthened them throughout history. They seem to work hand in hand.

Another example of you talking about science, which nobody here is saying anything against.

I'm not certain that the interview I'm reading suggests that we simply accept this at face value at all. Unless, I'm misunderstanding, he is saying that we should not dismiss religious effects as a field of study. Maybe I'm assuming because I haven't read the APA guide, but these studies would seem to follow scientific methodology.

Am I wrong on this?

From the link of the OP:
APA: Given the vastness of the topic with so many differing views, how did you go about editing a two-volume handbook on psychology, religion and spirituality?
Pargament:
Times have changed in this field. When I first started out in 1975, I could go to the library once a semester and leisurely review the journals to stay on top of the literature. No more. It is hard to keep up with the explosion of research in the field. Research on religion and spirituality is producing knowledge that is touching every subdiscipline of psychology and other fields as well. Take a sample of the things we are learning: From their earliest years, children demonstrate a strong spiritual capacity; marital partners who pray for each other are less likely to engage in infidelity; people who attend religious services once a week or more live on the average seven years longer (for African-Americans the benefit is 14 years); religiousness has been tied to selective intolerance to those who behave inconsistently with traditional beliefs.

This response seem quite consistent with my understanding of scientific inquiry.

I'm not sure I understand the controversy behind this one on either side. . . . But then again, there seems to be quite a bit of additional arguments on this thread that are making additional assumptions.

Am I reading it wrong?

All in all this interpretation is most correct. Scientism certainly would require anything religious or spiritually based be ignored and disregarded. This is why I used the example of mystical meditation. Science, as in really science, shows us that there can be superior benefits to meditation based on religious beliefs and symbols. Scientism would say this is impossible (rejecting science for faith based belief) as there is nothing to mysticism and so it is worthless.

Can you provide another method of inquiry that has objective truth and objective value? I feel like science is the only method that is not subjective at its core. But, I guess you do agree that the scientific method is the best method we have at this point, right?

Another example. Your misunderstanding is quite obviously intentional.

Tolkein's The Lord of the Rings is my favourite example of what you so eloquently describe.

You would deny that there can be (objective, measurable) benefits to reading Lord of the Rings (a fact) simply because the content is fictional. This, @leibowde84, is an example of how scientism would kill creativity, art, etc.
 

1137

Here until I storm off again
Premium Member
can you please provide some kind of statistical evidence that shows this? I couldn't use the link you provided, but I just want to make sure more than merely scholarly opinion. I'm not doubting it at this point, but I need some kind of data to believe something like that. and obviously I would need the article to come from a secular rather than religious for obvious reasons. it just seems a little far fetched to me.

I have some spare time tonight. I'm going to try and write something a bit more "legitimate" on the topic since it blew up both here and on another forum I mess around on. It will include sources, and I'll make sure you see it.
 

leibowde84

Veteran Member
Thanks for this.



If I claim that I have eaten ice cream before, will you say it's most likely fiction since I have no empirical evidence this happened? The problem isn't use of empirical evidence, just adherence to only empirical evidence. When it comes down to it, you can never prove you're not a brain in a vat, that other people are conscious, that we are seeing the same thing when we see the color "blue". Psychology would also be a useless field because we could never "know" anything about the patient, since often empirical evidence is hard to go by. Just because someone shows signs of being bipolar does not immediately imply they are. Even if we have such a tell tale sign as mania with the depression, maybe the patient is simply hyperactive when they are not depressed. We have to talk with them, know them as people, as individuals. We have to listen to and interpret their subjective opinions, believing much of what they say without any empirical evidence. How do I know patient A is REALLY being bullied at school? How do I really know if patient be has been mentally abused all her life?



Science is a tool - impartial and uncaring. When we put it up as a thing that gives us the only true form of gnosis/knowledge, things have changed. Yes science is the best tool we have for understanding the objective universe, but that's it. It does not (symbolically) come whisper all the secrets of the universe in our ears. We do not know whether god exists or not. We never will at this rate. Why? Science cannot address anything that is non-physical. Hell, how do we know all natural phenomenon isn't caused by dancing primordial beings of pure spirit, and all we can detect are the vibrations of their movements?



Scientism essentially kills them. What you describing here is the science of music, not the scientism, something you do throughout this thread to the point where I think you're intentionally misunderstanding.



Another example of you talking about science, which nobody here is saying anything against.



All in all this interpretation is most correct. Scientism certainly would require anything religious or spiritually based be ignored and disregarded. This is why I used the example of mystical meditation. Science, as in really science, shows us that there can be superior benefits to meditation based on religious beliefs and symbols. Scientism would say this is impossible (rejecting science for faith based belief) as there is nothing to mysticism and so it is worthless.



Another example. Your misunderstanding is quite obviously intentional.



You would deny that there can be (objective, measurable) benefits to reading Lord of the Rings (a fact) simply because the content is fictional. This, @leibowde84, is an example of how scientism would kill creativity, art, etc.
Thanks for this.



If I claim that I have eaten ice cream before, will you say it's most likely fiction since I have no empirical evidence this happened? The problem isn't use of empirical evidence, just adherence to only empirical evidence. When it comes down to it, you can never prove you're not a brain in a vat, that other people are conscious, that we are seeing the same thing when we see the color "blue". Psychology would also be a useless field because we could never "know" anything about the patient, since often empirical evidence is hard to go by. Just because someone shows signs of being bipolar does not immediately imply they are. Even if we have such a tell tale sign as mania with the depression, maybe the patient is simply hyperactive when they are not depressed. We have to talk with them, know them as people, as individuals. We have to listen to and interpret their subjective opinions, believing much of what they say without any empirical evidence. How do I know patient A is REALLY being bullied at school? How do I really know if patient be has been mentally abused all her life?



Science is a tool - impartial and uncaring. When we put it up as a thing that gives us the only true form of gnosis/knowledge, things have changed. Yes science is the best tool we have for understanding the objective universe, but that's it. It does not (symbolically) come whisper all the secrets of the universe in our ears. We do not know whether god exists or not. We never will at this rate. Why? Science cannot address anything that is non-physical. Hell, how do we know all natural phenomenon isn't caused by dancing primordial beings of pure spirit, and all we can detect are the vibrations of their movements?



Scientism essentially kills them. What you describing here is the science of music, not the scientism, something you do throughout this thread to the point where I think you're intentionally misunderstanding.



Another example of you talking about science, which nobody here is saying anything against.



All in all this interpretation is most correct. Scientism certainly would require anything religious or spiritually based be ignored and disregarded. This is why I used the example of mystical meditation. Science, as in really science, shows us that there can be superior benefits to meditation based on religious beliefs and symbols. Scientism would say this is impossible (rejecting science for faith based belief) as there is nothing to mysticism and so it is worthless.



Another example. Your misunderstanding is quite obviously intentional.



You would deny that there can be (objective, measurable) benefits to reading Lord of the Rings (a fact) simply because the content is fictional. This, @leibowde84, is an example of how scientism would kill creativity, art, etc.
I'm sorry, but according to the op scientism does not mean that the scientific method is the only way of getting knowledge. it merely means that one views the scientific method as the best way to attain knowledge. read the definition provided and you will see I'm not intentionally confused. in fact it seems that you are.
 

leibowde84

Veteran Member
I have some spare time tonight. I'm going to try and write something a bit more "legitimate" on the topic since it blew up both here and on another forum I mess around on. It will include sources, and I'll make sure you see it.
thank you. Is there statistical data providing the numbers? I feel like that would be the only way to truly see which method of meditation it's actually more beneficial. when you say more by necessity it means there must be some kind of objective verification rather than someone's opinion on the subject.
 

1137

Here until I storm off again
Premium Member
can you please provide some kind of statistical evidence that shows this? I couldn't use the link you provided, but I just want to make sure more than merely scholarly opinion. I'm not doubting it at this point, but I need some kind of data to believe something like that. and obviously I would need the article to come from a secular rather than religious for obvious reasons. it just seems a little far fetched to me.

Here's a bunch of information related to religion and psychological well-being, much of which deals with mystical vs. spiritual meditation


PLOS ONE: Placebos without Deception: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Irritable Bowel Syndrome

· Absolutely no deception surrounding the placebo

· Global improvement

· Reduced system severity at two instances



· Mantra based meditation helped with memory problems in older adults

· 10 – 15 % improvement

· Neurotheology says nothing on the existence of god


http://www.hindawi.com/journals/isrn/2012/278730/

· Religion / Spirituality more helpful in adverse situations

· 79% of 326 studies found only significant, positive associations with R/S and well-being

· 73% of 40 studies show only sig. positive relationship between R/S and higher levels of hope

· Positive relationship between R/S and optimism

· More meaning and purpose with R/S in environemtnts with chronic illness etc.

· Religion causes an internal sense of control in the majority of cases, not external

· Positive relationship between R/S and positive character traits

· 61% of depression cases benefit from R/S (6% seem to have negative effects)

· Religion does not seem to help much with psychotic disorder

· Inverse relationship between R/S and substance abuse (86% of studies)

· Inverse relationship between R/S and delinquency crime (79%)

· Inverse relationship between R/S and smoking (90%)

· This source has many, many more examples as it is a collection of studies on R/S

What Role Do Religion and Spirituality Play In Mental Health? (Interview)

· R/S is generally helpful to people coping with severe situations such as disasters or family illness

· Studies show people would like to be able to discuss their faith and beliefs in psychological treatment

· Something may be lost in purely secular treatment

· A spiritual mantra seems to be more effective in pain reduction than a secular mantra

· Suggest religion and spirituality may be a separate aspect of psychology and sociology.

· Any psychology that overlooks religious aspects of life (meaning, ultimate truth, connectiveness) is incomplete


A reason to believe

· Basic garden-variety cognitions lead us to see the world as intentionally designed.

· Children think parts of the world were made on purpose (a pile of rocks as a seat for an animal, for example)

· Adults naturally search for meanings and patterns

· Children make up elaborate stories about their own lives

· Adaptive purposes

· Neuroscience supports the brain is primed to believe

· Religion activates parts of the brain responsible fot deciphering other people’s emotions and intentions.


http://medind.nic.in/jak/t08/i2/jakt08i2p345.pdf

· Positive correlation between religiousity and psychological well-being.


Keep Your Fingers Crossed!

· Good-luck superstitions have positive effect on golf skills, motor dexterity, memory, and anagram games

· Superstitions aid in increasing perceived self-efficiency

· Superstition boosts confidence


Is Spirituality a Critical Ingredient of Meditation? Comparing the Effects of Spiritual Meditation, Secular Meditation, and Relaxation on Spiritual, Psychological, Cardiac, and Pain Outcomes - Springer

· Spiritual meditation led to greater decreases in anxiety

· Positive increase in mood


Migraines and meditation: does spirituality matter? - Springer

· Spiritual meditation had greater decreases in migraine frequency, anxiety, and negative effects of migraines

· Spiritual meditation had the greatest pain tolerance, headache-related self-efficiancy, and existential well being


http://faithhealth.wpengine.netdna-...we-learned-mja-vol-186-num-10-may-21-2007.pdf

· Prayer should be recognized as an important resource for coping with pain/illness

· Important resource for improving health and general well-being
 

1137

Here until I storm off again
Premium Member
I'm sorry, but according to the op scientism does not mean that the scientific method is the only way of getting knowledge. it merely means that one views the scientific method as the best way to attain knowledge. read the definition provided and you will see I'm not intentionally confused. in fact it seems that you are.

No it doesn't, it says a religious exaltation of science, and many better definitions have come up that are superior as well. It is the treatment of science / empirical evidence as the be all end all of all possible knowledge, consistently tied to anti-theism and the idea that nothing religious or mystical can have any use.
 

LuisDantas

Aura of atheification
Premium Member
Sorry about the delay, busy day at work. Before quoting and responding to posts I want to cover mystical and secular mediation. All that is mean here is that mediation with religious symbolism or belief behind it is more beneficial (on average) than meditation without this. It is better to have a mantra related to a deity than to the meaningless empty universe. This was explained in the source as well, though it seems the link may have failed.

That is just way too arbitrary a distinction to be meaningful. And to the extent that "belief" makes a difference, it is usually a rather unhealthy one, in my experience.
 

Quintessence

Consults with Trees
Staff member
Premium Member
Scientism is a philosophical position that exalts the methods of the natural sciences above all other modes of human inquiry. Scientism embraces only empiricism and reason to explain phenomena of any dimension, whether physical, social, cultural, or psychological.

That says absolutely nothing about "devaluing" anything, or not considering acts of imagination and art to "lack value and merit". I agree with and fit the above definition perfectly. I DO think that science is the absolute best method we have of examining reality, and empiricism and reason are demonstrably the best ways to provide explanations for any given phenomena. How does that mean I devalue art?

Art is a mode of human inquiry. It's a way of exploring the world around us as much as the sciences are, and it's a mode scientism rejects as it only accepts empiricism and reason. Art is the antithesis of both of these things; it's an exercise in subjectivity and visceral emotion. It throws fact out the window for the purpose of telling a good story or making something beautiful. This is unacceptable to the philosophy of scientism. Things must be scientific, or they lack value and merit. If your favorite color is green just because it pleases you, that's not good enough. There has to be an empirical reason for your favorite color being green, and scientism will not accept "just because." It refuses to allow for magic and mystery, or for storytelling that suspends fact.

Still not sure that Scientism exists.

I wish I could believe it doesn't, but I've seen it often enough that it is, unfortunately, a thing. There really are people that put what they believe to be science on a pedestal and treat it like some sort of religious dogma. People who, as 1137 describes in the OP, pretty much wholesale reject the value of anything that they believe conflicts with known science. I also see patterns of thinking that are related to scientism on a fairly regular basis, as our culture seems more embedded in Enlightenment values, and not so much Romantic ones. That said, I also see patterns of the reverse in my culture as well. There is as much a strong anti-science contingent in my country as there is the sector that is so rabid about it that they twist science into non-science. I'm not honestly sure which one bothers me more. They both bother me pretty equally, though I aim to not let it get to me.
 

Windwalker

Veteran Member
Premium Member
Sorry about the delay, busy day at work. Before quoting and responding to posts I want to cover mystical and secular mediation. All that is mean here is that mediation with religious symbolism or belief behind it is more beneficial (on average) than meditation without this. It is better to have a mantra related to a deity than to the meaningless empty universe. This was explained in the source as well, though it seems the link may have failed.
Speaking as an experienced meditator and a mystic and quite knowledgeable in these areas, what you are saying here is not exactly accurate. If we are talking about actual meditation practice, and not merely "pondering an idea" sort of use to the word "to meditate upon an idea", but where one rather engages in a practice of sitting still and entering into altered states of consciousness through various techniques, the ones which involve focusing on deity forms and/or mantra chants is actually not the highest forms of meditation. They are powerful, to be sure, but on the scale of types of meditation practice, deity mysticism comes in second up on the ladder. First is nature mysticism, then deity mysticism above that, then causal mysticism above that, and finally nondual mysticism at the top.

What it sounds like you are describing is not mysticism nor meditation at all, but simply "beliefs". Mysticism is not a belief. It's experienced states of consciousness itself in progressive stages. What you are talking about is before any actual mystical states and deals in the area of someone who has a God belief, who maybe prays to their deity. Belief is at the bottom rung, faith is a rung above that, direct firsthand experience is above that (mysticism), and adaptation or integration is the top rung on that ladder. What you are talking about is dealing with belief and faith, not mysticism. You are describing the difference between having faith and not having faith. You are saying that faith is better than no faith, equating no faith with a general pessimistic view of life.

I'll add here, that if you are talking about actual meditators, there is not one I could imagine who would ever say a practice that does not involve a deity form (Buddhism would be one), see the universe as meaningless. If you hear them speak of "Emptiness", that absolutely does not mean a "blank" a "zero" or devoid of any meaning. It simply means it is Formlessness from which all forms arise. "It" is "empty" of value in the sense it is the Source of all value, not "a value". It is Truth itself, out of which all relative truths arise. That is not at all the same as saying the universe is meaningless! :) It is to know and rest in the causal Source of all meaning, as opposed to hanging onto this belief or that belief as a substitute Ground. Very, very different meaning that what I hear you describe. This not at all the same as someone who calls themselves an atheist, debating about whether Jehovah God is real or not. It goes way beyond a debate about beliefs.

I await your response.
 
Last edited:

Typist

Active Member
If you hear them speak of "Emptiness", that absolutely does not mean a "blank" a "zero" or devoid of any meaning. It simply means it is Formlessness from which all forms arise. "It" is "empty" of value in the sense it is the Source of all value, not "a value". It is Truth itself, out of which all relative truths arise. That is not at all the same as saying the universe is meaningless! :) It is to know and rest in the causal Source of all meaning, as opposed to hanging onto this belief or that belief as a substitute Ground.

Words in our heads are used to refer to things in the real world, so we assign the word "space" to what separates and defines the Earth and the Moon.

Except that, oops, space is not a thing. It's instead the opposite of a thing, a no-thing. When we assign a word to space we are using a mental symbol to point to something that isn't there. Thus, any word we might choose is wrong.

This causes big problems for we philosopher types, because we want to describe reality and then argue about it. But when it comes to the overwhelming vast majority of reality, there's nothing there to define, and thus nothing to argue about.

But we don't care. And so we call the overwhelming vast majority of reality space. Or God. Or Jesus. Or Thor. Or the Formless. Or the Truth. Or the Source. We claim it is meaningful, or meaningless. We claim it is alive or dead, intelligent or merely mechanical. We claim it exists or doesn't exist. And then, having assigned some words, we begin to argue over which words are the correct words.

The inconvenient truth for we philosophers is that it is an absence of words which would most accurately represent most of reality in our minds.

Inconvenient because an absence of words equals an end to philosophy. An absence of words does not validate, prove or disprove any point of view on such questions, it obliterates all points of view. There are no ideological winners or losers, because ideology itself ceases to exist, just like space. Game over for we philosophers.

A little bit of reality is physical objects and these things are best considered with philosophy, which is made of conceptual objects. Thus, philosophy is not useless, but it concerns itself with the tiniest fraction of reality.

The overwhelming vast majority of reality is the absence of any physical object, and thus is best considered with what might be called "a-philosophy", the absence of words, a state without conceptual objects.
 

Mohammad Nur Syamsu

Well-Known Member
Words in our heads are used to refer to things in the real world, so we assign the word "space" to what separates and defines the Earth and the Moon.

Except that, oops, space is not a thing. It's instead the opposite of a thing, a no-thing. When we assign a word to space we are using a mental symbol to point to something that isn't there. Thus, any word we might choose is wrong.

This causes big problems for we philosopher types, because we want to describe reality and then argue about it. But when it comes to the overwhelming vast majority of reality, there's nothing there to define, and thus nothing to argue about.

But we don't care. And so we call the overwhelming vast majority of reality space. Or God. Or Jesus. Or Thor. Or the Formless. Or the Truth. Or the Source. We claim it is meaningful, or meaningless. We claim it is alive or dead, intelligent or merely mechanical. We claim it exists or doesn't exist. And then, having assigned some words, we begin to argue over which words are the correct words.

The inconvenient truth for we philosophers is that it is an absence of words which would most accurately represent most of reality in our minds.

Inconvenient because an absence of words equals an end to philosophy. An absence of words does not validate, prove or disprove any point of view on such questions, it obliterates all points of view. There are no ideological winners or losers, because ideology itself ceases to exist, just like space. Game over for we philosophers.

A little bit of reality is physical objects and these things are best considered with philosophy, which is made of conceptual objects. Thus, philosophy is not useless, but it concerns itself with the tiniest fraction of reality.

The overwhelming vast majority of reality is the absence of any physical object, and thus is best considered with what might be called "a-philosophy", the absence of words, a state without conceptual objects.

eh space is actually the only directly measurable property while time, mass and charge are only indirectly measured through measuring space, or by doing calculation.

It is already known as a logical fallacy, the naturalistic fallacy, that you cannot derive an ought from an is. So we already acknowledge there is a domain outside of science. But people will not put 2 and 2 together to make 4, to go from acknowledging there is a subject outside of science to acknowledging that there is a spiritual domain to which facts do not apply. A domain to which only opinion applies, the spiritual domain. And the spirit chooses the way the material domain turns out.
 

Windwalker

Veteran Member
Premium Member
This causes big problems for we philosopher types, because we want to describe reality and then argue about it. But when it comes to the overwhelming vast majority of reality, there's nothing there to define, and thus nothing to argue about.
Words are useful when not mistaken as Truth itself. A finger pointing to the moon is useful. But when we argue over which finger is right or wrong, then we miss seeing the moon. We have to hold our maps of reality with a certain open hand, otherwise they become reality for us. But if you are no resting in that Emptiness, then a map can be useful.

The real key is to have the mystical experience, and then we can talk about it. But at that point we're no longer trying to define it, as it is everything. How do you define Infinity? You have to remove yourself from it and call it a thing. But then it's no longer Infinite because you are outside it, and it outside you. You can only describe it in terms of all-inclusiveness, which makes it the subject as well as an object at once.

Inconvenient because an absence of words equals an end to philosophy. An absence of words does not validate, prove or disprove any point of view on such questions, it obliterates all points of view. There are no ideological winners or losers, because ideology itself ceases to exist, just like space. Game over for we philosophers
Science and philosophy are meaningless to speak to Absolutes, because they are partial pictures and relative to the culture or the individual. But on the other side of the Absolute, they are useful like the rays from sun heat the earth. But they are not the Sun itself.
 

leibowde84

Veteran Member
Here's a bunch of information related to religion and psychological well-being, much of which deals with mystical vs. spiritual meditation


PLOS ONE: Placebos without Deception: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Irritable Bowel Syndrome

· Absolutely no deception surrounding the placebo

· Global improvement

· Reduced system severity at two instances



· Mantra based meditation helped with memory problems in older adults

· 10 – 15 % improvement

· Neurotheology says nothing on the existence of god


http://www.hindawi.com/journals/isrn/2012/278730/

· Religion / Spirituality more helpful in adverse situations

· 79% of 326 studies found only significant, positive associations with R/S and well-being

· 73% of 40 studies show only sig. positive relationship between R/S and higher levels of hope

· Positive relationship between R/S and optimism

· More meaning and purpose with R/S in environemtnts with chronic illness etc.

· Religion causes an internal sense of control in the majority of cases, not external

· Positive relationship between R/S and positive character traits

· 61% of depression cases benefit from R/S (6% seem to have negative effects)

· Religion does not seem to help much with psychotic disorder

· Inverse relationship between R/S and substance abuse (86% of studies)

· Inverse relationship between R/S and delinquency crime (79%)

· Inverse relationship between R/S and smoking (90%)

· This source has many, many more examples as it is a collection of studies on R/S

What Role Do Religion and Spirituality Play In Mental Health? (Interview)

· R/S is generally helpful to people coping with severe situations such as disasters or family illness

· Studies show people would like to be able to discuss their faith and beliefs in psychological treatment

· Something may be lost in purely secular treatment

· A spiritual mantra seems to be more effective in pain reduction than a secular mantra

· Suggest religion and spirituality may be a separate aspect of psychology and sociology.

· Any psychology that overlooks religious aspects of life (meaning, ultimate truth, connectiveness) is incomplete


A reason to believe

· Basic garden-variety cognitions lead us to see the world as intentionally designed.

· Children think parts of the world were made on purpose (a pile of rocks as a seat for an animal, for example)

· Adults naturally search for meanings and patterns

· Children make up elaborate stories about their own lives

· Adaptive purposes

· Neuroscience supports the brain is primed to believe

· Religion activates parts of the brain responsible fot deciphering other people’s emotions and intentions.


http://medind.nic.in/jak/t08/i2/jakt08i2p345.pdf

· Positive correlation between religiousity and psychological well-being.


Keep Your Fingers Crossed!

· Good-luck superstitions have positive effect on golf skills, motor dexterity, memory, and anagram games

· Superstitions aid in increasing perceived self-efficiency

· Superstition boosts confidence


Is Spirituality a Critical Ingredient of Meditation? Comparing the Effects of Spiritual Meditation, Secular Meditation, and Relaxation on Spiritual, Psychological, Cardiac, and Pain Outcomes - Springer

· Spiritual meditation led to greater decreases in anxiety

· Positive increase in mood


Migraines and meditation: does spirituality matter? - Springer

· Spiritual meditation had greater decreases in migraine frequency, anxiety, and negative effects of migraines

· Spiritual meditation had the greatest pain tolerance, headache-related self-efficiancy, and existential well being


http://faithhealth.wpengine.netdna-...we-learned-mja-vol-186-num-10-may-21-2007.pdf

· Prayer should be recognized as an important resource for coping with pain/illness

· Important resource for improving health and general well-being
Very interesting article. The article seems to suggest, however, that the benefits of R/S can be correlated with natural/physical stimuli. For example, prayer can be assumed to help people battling cancer. But, this is not necessarily or even reasonably associated with God helping the patient, but instead with the fact that prayer is beneficial physically to the patient (which is pretty common knowledge in psychotherapy). The act of communicating, the presence of hope, and the belief that life does not end at death causes a person to heal more quickly, not because of God's help (or at least we shouldn't just assume this without more evidence, as the benefits can easily be explained by medicine), but because a positive attitude can improve one's condition immensely. Just read The Secret and you will see countless examples of this.
No it doesn't, it says a religious exaltation of science, and many better definitions have come up that are superior as well. It is the treatment of science / empirical evidence as the be all end all of all possible knowledge, consistently tied to anti-theism and the idea that nothing religious or mystical can have any use.
There are actually various definitions of the term "Scientism". Apparently, like any other religion or world-view, there are various levels of adherence. Some define scientism as viewing the scientific method as merely the best way to obtain information. More extreme scientism claims that other sources of information should be ignored as irrelevent.

If we are going by the more extreme definition, as if we were going after Fundamentalist Christians rather than Protestants, I would agree that scientism is a dangerous world-view. But, after reading quite a bit from adherents, I still cannot find any indication that they ignore or devalue creativity. Many of them enjoy many forms of art themselves and think the assumption is unfounded. Can you provide a source where an adherent to scientism expressly states his thought that creativity is without value. I just want to make sure you aren't merely putting words into their mouths or trying to logically prove that their world view requires them to ignore creativity, as that would be a fraudulent exercise. I mean, even adherents to scientism are all different, just like adherents to any other faith.

Thanks.
 

leibowde84

Veteran Member
eh space is actually the only directly measurable property while time, mass and charge are only indirectly measured through measuring space, or by doing calculation.

It is already known as a logical fallacy, the naturalistic fallacy, that you cannot derive an ought from an is. So we already acknowledge there is a domain outside of science. But people will not put 2 and 2 together to make 4, to go from acknowledging there is a subject outside of science to acknowledging that there is a spiritual domain to which facts do not apply. A domain to which only opinion applies, the spiritual domain. And the spirit chooses the way the material domain turns out.
So, before when you were saying atheists deny that freedom exists, did you really mean adherents to scientism?
 

viole

Ontological Naturalist
Premium Member
Not at all. My main concern with scientism is the raising of science to an almost divine level. On one side we have tons of evidence showing benefits to religion, meditation, ritual, belief, and so on and on the other people denying this because they religiously dislike religion and believe everything is scientifically understandable.

Sorry my friend, but you quite missed the point!

Well, whether religious belief provides benefits to the believers, is itself a scientific claim ameneable to objective inquiry. It is entirely possible. And probably this is one reason why religious belief has been naturally selected to populate the brains of most members of our species.

But of course, even if true, that would not say anything about the ontological plausibility of the object of the belief. For instance, kids who believe in Santa are probably happier than kids who don't. Who knows?

But all this would just prove that believing in possibly imaginary realities makes them feel better. Period.

Ciao

- viole
 

leibowde84

Veteran Member
Well, whether religious belief provides benefits to the believers, is itself a scientific claim ameneable to objective inquiry. It is entirely possible. And probably this is one reason why religious belief has been naturally selected to populates the brains of most members of our species.

But of course, even if true, that would not say anything about the ontological plausibility of the object of the belief. For instance, kids who believe in Santa are probably happier than kids who don't. Who knows?

But all this would just prove that believing in possibly imaginary realities makes them feel better. Period.

Ciao

- viole
What she said ...
 

Windwalker

Veteran Member
Premium Member
Well, whether religious belief provides benefits to the believers, is itself a scientific claim ameneable to objective inquiry. It is entirely possible. And probably this is one reason why religious belief has been naturally selected to populate the brains of most members of our species.
What's an interesting thought on this line of reasoning is that if our brains are hardwired to believe, either those who say they don't believe religiously are an aberration on the order of dysfunction, since nature selected it for the species as a whole, or... they actually are still believing religiously because they too are hardwired for it, but they are mistaken that not believing in God as a literal being means they aren't still believing religiously. That would be those who replace God with Science to put their faith into. Hence, science becomes Scientism. It's in the genes. It's still a religious belief. Science is the Answer to our quest for Truth! :)

But of course, even if true, that would not say anything about the ontological plausibility of the object of the belief. For instance, kids who believe in Santa are probably happier than kids who don't. Who knows?
I think any developmental studies will show that children with active imaginations are happier and healthier overall.

But all this would just prove that believing in possibly imaginary realities makes them feel better. Period.
No, not period. If they feel better, they will be healthier. Period. How we think and how we believe very directly affects our health. This is well known nowadays. If you think dark and negative thoughts all day, you make your body ill through stress and a host of other chemical problems. If you are hopeful and optimistic, it reduces all of those and you have overall better physical health, as well as mental health. So, if it makes them feel better, then everyone should desire some point of view that does that too! :)
 

Kuzcotopia

If you can read this, you are as lucky as I am.
But we don't care. And so we call the overwhelming vast majority of reality space. Or God. Or Jesus. Or Thor. Or the Formless. Or the Truth. Or the Source. We claim it is meaningful, or meaningless. We claim it is alive or dead, intelligent or merely mechanical. We claim it exists or doesn't exist. And then, having assigned some words, we begin to argue over which words are the correct words.

The inconvenient truth for we philosophers is that it is an absence of words which would most accurately represent most of reality in our minds.

Inconvenient because an absence of words equals an end to philosophy. An absence of words does not validate, prove or disprove any point of view on such questions, it obliterates all points of view. There are no ideological winners or losers, because ideology itself ceases to exist, just like space. Game over for we philosophers.

A little bit of reality is physical objects and these things are best considered with philosophy, which is made of conceptual objects. Thus, philosophy is not useless, but it concerns itself with the tiniest fraction of reality.

The overwhelming vast majority of reality is the absence of any physical object, and thus is best considered with what might be called "a-philosophy", the absence of words, a state without conceptual objects.

I'm a Lit major. This is a theory:

Post-structuralism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 
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