Yes, the observer on the Earth.
Here, you are changing to an 'observer' moving along with the photon. The difference is that the 30 million light years and 500 seconds are in *one* frame: that of the Earth, which is at rest with respect to the Earth, sun, and star.
But you *asked* for what the photon 'experiences', which means you want information from the reference frame of the photon, not the reference frame of the Earth. And the problem, once again, is that there is no valid reference frame for the photon. it can only be evaluated by taking a limit of what observers going at speeds close rand closer to that of light experience. And, as we get closer and closer to the speed of light, the distances get smaller and smaller and go to 0 in the limit. Now, for any *real* reference frame, the distance to the star will be many times larger than the distance to the sun and the times will also differ. But you asked for what happens *to the photon* and that can only be answered by doing the limit.
You still seem to be confused by what it means to be a reference frame. The photon has a different frame than the Earth. The measurement of 30 million light years is in the earth's frame. The measurement of 8 minutes, 20 seconds is in the Earth's frame.
But the 0 distance and time are in the *imaginary* photon frame.