Hasn't the U.S. had a series of nativist panics through its history -- Chinese, Irish, &c?Yes, and this is also a problem in France, the UK, etc. Here in the States, we've had less of a problem along these lines.
In recent decades politicians have discovered the political utility of manufactured threats from various "others." I remember, back in the '70s, people who actually believed there were Nicaraguan militias poised to invade the U.S. Today it seems to be an invasion of 'rapists, drug dealers and criminals' pouring over the Mexican border that has certain groups calling for drastic action.