I just wanted to get back to the OP since since a lot of tangent arguments have happened since.
My objection to this is that there is no guarantee that the government, in the process of increasing taxes on the "rich" is going to actually use this money to rebuild the economy. In the last two years, the government went into debt in it's plan to "rebuild the economy" and we have a worse situation for the poor as a result. The rich same opportunity to help the economy. They can create jobs, give to charities, community programs. Offer scholarships.
Well, there are no guarantees with anything, that's true. I understand the general arguments against big government. Ronald Reagan used many of these same arguments when he was running for President. His idea reflected that of many conservatives who felt that by lowering taxes, it would allow the wealthy to invest their money instead, which would then lead to economic growth, new jobs, and a better standard of living overall. They also trotted out the idea of "comparative advantage," which was what justified all the outsourcing and the push towards the elimination of tariffs.
So, we've been doing all this for about 30-40 years now, and the one thing that seems quite obvious to anyone with eyes and ears is that - it doesn't work.
We've been following the Reagan/Greenspan plan for economic success for quite some time now, but it hasn't really benefited the country as a whole, nor has the "global economy" brought about the kind of peace and stability that many people were expecting it to be at the end of the Cold War.
For the rich, it is beneficial for the economy to boom. They need customers with money to buy their products. So they have the same incentive as the government to use their money as the government to support improvements to the economy.
So the only reason to see increased taxation as a solution is you have a bias for big government. There is no real logical reason, from past history, to have this bias. And hey, I have a bias against big government. So more inclined to see keeping money in the hands of those that earn it as the better solution.
Most great changes in history have come about through some sort of state-level power driving it to happen. It doesn't necessarily mean "big government," but there is a certain logic for private entities and individuals within a society to support a government for their shared, collective interests. Usually security interests, although governments and courts were in a logical position to mediate contractual disputes. So, your statement that "there is no real logical reason" does not jibe with historical fact.
There are historical reasons which would explain why the general functions of government expanded and how it got so big. I realize that there's been a reaction against "Big Gov" for the past 40+ years, but my criticism of that is that they never fully appreciated the historical background and the reasons why government got so big. It's not that I have a bias for big government, as there's quite a bit about government I don't like either.
Since the advent of the Industrial Revolution and the enormous changes it has brought upon the world, it seems that government's primary role has defaulted to something more of a referee, but also with the apparent goal of maintaining a sense of order and political harmony, where the hoi polloi are largely "content." If such conditions can be maintained, that can definitely be a net benefit for the wealthy and powerful in this country.
So the solution being offered is not really a solution, it's a bias. I think if giving money to the government was a solution they would have made some progress by now.
My solution would be to change the mentality of the poor because there is no guarantee either bias for big government or bias for the wealthy is going to solve the problem of poverty. Give the poor the tools they need to be self-reliant. Not looking for support from either the government or the rich. Really, my my experience they are as likely not to get it as get it from either source.
Don't depend on the government, don't depend on the rich. Depend on yourself.
I would say that, overall, there has been a great deal of progress when looking over the grand scale of the past few centuries. Government became more dominant as the modern creation of the nation-state became more dominant on the world stage, changed by industrialism, the need for resources, and a growing number of restless people more densely populated into cities.
I agree with your basic premise here, at least about not depending on government or the rich. I believe that it's best to depend on oneself. I've worked for everything I have, and I've never taken a dime in unemployment or welfare or any public assistance whatsoever. I pay my own way.
But this has nothing to do with me or any one individual. This has to do with the country as a whole.
I agree that it might be helpful to change the mentality of the poor, although one could say the same thing about changing the mentality of the voters. That's one thing that democracy and the free market have in common. It would work a lot better if the people were smarter.