Here's the thing: their international obligations would require them to admit virtually every refugee, but the statements by the Administration don't suggest that this is how the order would actually be implemented.
I don't think international obligations (or basic human decency obligations) actually require a country to admit virtually every person that claims to be a refugee, if their vetting process shows that refugee status is not real, and is only being claimed to get in by way of deception. I think there are limits when those claiming to be refugees actually intend harm, or present significant danger even if they would not describe themselves in that way.
The problems that I think this EO is addressing, even though I'm not positive what I think about it overall, are those people that have engaged in and/or will enact harm, based upon what we consider fair and decent treatment of people. I think a nation does have a right to set some limits on what it will allow and what it will not.
For example, an ISIS member, or sympathizer, who kills homosexuals, has engaged in stoning, and/or rapes women for not being completely covered and/or not living according to his beliefs, etc....if he believes that to be appropriate behavior according to his religion, if that behavior is what he thinks is the practicing of his religion...and he's been run out of the area by good Muslims...he could claim he is a refugee based upon
his religion. Technically, that may be so.
In that case, as a US citizen, what I think is a priority (and what I care about more) is the protection of the homosexual/non-heterosexual people I love, the safety of the women to be able to live without fear for wearing western clothing, or being treated as "less-than" in matters of personal rights, law, etc. In that situation I care less about whether or not I'm viewed as being discriminatory, since I am hoping to discriminate against those that would commit murder and other forms of oppression in the name of their religion.
But...in fairness, should a Christian "refugee" reveal during the vetting process that their interpretation of their religion requires them kill homosexuals, or people of some other group, or similar thing that would disqualify someone of another religion -- and that is what they intend to do under the "practice" of their religion, I would expect them to be disallowed entry as well.
I also think it's fishy that it says the US would follow existing agreements as long as doing so "would not pose a risk to the security or welfare of the United States." The Refugee Convention already allows states to expel refugees when they pose security threats and to take measures to protect their own security, so I'm worried that "security or welfare of the United States" is going to be interpreted very broadly in order to justify violating international agreements.
I think there's a difference in where were are focusing here. It seems this EO is seeking to implement changes where we can identify potential terrorists BEFORE they enter the US and do damage, so as to prevent their entry. I do not have a problem with that. I think that is good. Whether this is an effective approach to national security remains to be seen.
It may be the case that current refugee related international treaties allow for expulsion of those who do harm, but I don't think we have a duty to give an ok to travel here and/or let people in without subjecting them to our vetting process -- and that process will change as the intelligence regarding threat changes.
I do not favor a reactionary approach to security, and if the current intelligence indicates beginning the revising of the vetting process by correcting weaknesses regarding specific countries, I'm ok with that -- especially since I've seen some parts of congressional hearings about our vetting process for "running Syrian refugees" through our data systems and considering them vetted, while we'd put little to virtually no information in there, so of course nothing comes up. We need some corrections.