Darwin himself was not a believer in the Christian God, although he may have been more of a deist than an atheist. His wife was extremely upset at his lack of religious belief, and his reluctance to upset her more may have delayed his publication of his ideas. In any case, Wallace, who also stumbled on the same principle of natural selection independently, was much more religious.
The theory of evolution has been embraced by religious scientists, because it only contradicts biblical literalism. The doctrine of
theistic evolution makes evolution theory palatable to many modern Christians, but surveys of opinion tend to vary according to how questions are framed. I think that a sizable number of people think that they accept evolution theory and that God pretty much created us and all species as they are. People can have contradictory opinions on subjects, especially when it comes to religious topics. For an interesting article on the history of the debate, see
Darwin Debated: Religion vs. Evolution.