You've answered your own question,...
..one's breath goes back to God in the sense that when there is a foreclosure on a house, the house or land does not go anywhere. The repossessed house or breath goes back to the hands of the owner but not in his literal or actual hands just as the house or land does not literally or actually move to the owner.
The breath does not go anywhere. God is owner of the breath.
At resurrection one receives back their breath only in the sense that they start breathing again.