Indus Valley
The Indus Valley or Harappan civilization dated to 3300 to 1500 BC. It had a form of writing called Harappan which is not deciphered today. It was followed by Sanskrit in 1700 BC to 600 BC. The civilization made brick cities in Harappa, Mohenjo-Daro, and along the Indus river in Pakistan and northern India. It is debated whether the Indus people were Dravidian or Aryan, what language Indus writing reflected, and when exactly the Aryans came to the region and became its rulers. The writing has similarity to Sumerian in style.
Satellite view of the Indus River Valley – irrigated areas are green.
Two of the more common claims about their ancient technology are high quality ironworking and that an A-bomb was dropped near one of their cities. The iron pillar of Delhi has a unique property of resisting corrosion. It is not known for sure when it was made, but may be dated to 900 BC - 420 AD (source:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_pillar_of_Delhi)
Note in the article below, Rajasthan, where the destroyed city was, and Bombay, where the crater is, are two different places.
A heavy layer of radioactive ash in Rajasthan, India, covers a three-square mile area, ten miles west of Jodhpur. ... For some time it has been established that there is a very high rate of birth defects and cancer in the area under construction. The levels of radiation there have registered so high on investigators’ gauges that the Indian government has now cordoned off the region. Scientists have unearthed an ancient city where evidence shows an atomic blast dating back thousands of years, from 8,000 to 12,000 years, destroyed most of the buildings and probably a half-million people.
...
The Mahabharata clearly describes a catastrophic blast that rocked the continent.
“A single projectile charged with all the power in the Universe… An incandescent column of smoke and flame as bright as 10,000 suns, rose in all its splendor… It was an unknown weapon, an iron thunderbolt, a gigantic messenger of death which reduced to ashes an entire race. The corpses were so burned as to be unrecognizable...."
...
When excavations of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro reached the street level, they discovered skeletons scattered about the cities, many holding hands and sprawling in the streets as if some instant, horrible doom had taken place. People were just lying, unburied, in the streets of the city. And these skeletons are thousands of years old, even by traditional archaeological standards. What could cause such a thing? Why did the bodies not decay or get eaten by wild animals? Furthermore, there is no apparent cause of a physically violent death.
...
Giant Unexplained Crater Near Bombay
Another curious sign of an ancient nuclear war in India is a giant crater near Bombay...
No trace of any meteoric material, etc., has been found at the site or in the vicinity, and this is the world’s only known “impact” crater in basalt. Indications of great shock (from a pressure exceeding 600,000 atmospheres) and intense, abrupt heat (indicated by basalt glass spherules) can be ascertained from the site.
http://www.indiadivine.org/8000-year-old-indian-city-irradiated-by-atomic-blast/
At the same time, I haven't read deeply into the arguments about an ancient atomic blast in the Indus Valley region. Otherwise, it is hard to find solid claims of ancient high technology among the Indus. One claim is that they had Vimana flying machines, but I heard that on closer analysis these referred to their temples founded on ground, not to UFOs.
Hinduism has many religious ideas and sects with their own philosophies. A major one is monotheism, in which the believers recognize only their own deity as the true one (eg. Vishnu worshipers only recognizing Vishnu), or else they consider the various gods to be avatars or manifestations of the one true God. The one true God they might consider to be Krishna or Vishnu, with the other deities being his avatars. I've also heard that some Hindus who are not as ritualistic or focused on religious observances refer to a general concept of God, simply calling him God, that is, Ishvara or Bhagavan in their language. Another common theory is that the Vedas in ancient Hindu religion include both ideas of monotheism and of beliefs in other gods.
Even the earlier
mandalas (books) of the Rig Veda (books 1 and 9), which contain hymns dedicated to devas, are thought to have a tendency toward monotheism.
[7] Often quoted isolated,
pada 1.164.46 of the Rig Veda states (trans.
Griffith):
"They call him Indra, Mitra, Varuṇa, Agni, and he is heavenly nobly-winged Garutmān.
To what is One, sages give many a title — they call it Agni, Yama, Mātariśvan."
Vaishnavism is one of the earliest implicit manifestations of monotheism in the traditions of Vedas.
Svayam bhagavan is a Sanskrit term for the original deity of the Supreme God worshiped across many traditions of the
Vaisnavism as the source of all, the monotheistic absolute Deity.
[10][11] [19] Within Hinduism, Krishna is worshiped from a variety of perspectives.
[14] However, the Svayam Bhagavan concept refers to the Supreme Being of the Orthodox Gaudiya Vaishnavism,
[15] the
Vallabha Sampradaya and the
Nimbarka Sampradaya, where Krishna is worshiped as the source of all other avatars (including Vishnu).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu_views_on_monotheism
Another question is which Hindu God most resembles the Supreme Abrahamic one. In Hinduism, there is a concept of Brahman, or reality. Everything is Brahman. Along with that, there is Paratma, the Supreme soul. And along with the Paratma there is the supreme person, two titles being Bhagavan and Ishvara. Ishvara means Lord and Bhagavan means the munificent, benefited, or adored one. In Slavic, Bog means "God" and bogaty means many or wealthy, so these are slavic terms etymologically related to the Sanskrit "Bhagavan".
It is not clear whether the Hindu concept of God is pantheistic, such that the Abrahamic view of God is not pantheistic.
A common view in Abrahamic religion is that God is everywhere. But is Hinduism different and does it propose that everything is God? That is, in Hinduism, is God fully and directly composed of everything, whereas the Abrahamic view sees God as only having his spirit within everything (eg. everything material), while the material is distinct from the spiritual?
Here is an example of a Hindu teacher explaining his understanding of the relationship between Brahman (reality) and Bhagavan (God):
Thus, one answer could be simply Svayam Bhagavan ("the Benefited one Himself") or Ishvara ("the Lord"). However, Ishvara/Bhagavan is identified by most Hindus with some particular deity like Vishnu. Vishnu means "the Pervasive One", and his followers believe that he pervades or rests in everything. However, unlike simply God as understood by a philosophical conception, Vishnu is described as having a certain biography by his followers, creating various legends about him.
An early fatherly figure in the Hindu pantheon is Dyaus Pita meaning "the heavenly father." Not only was he the father of the ancient central Harappan deity Indras, but he correlates with the main figure of the proto-Indo-European pantheon, Dyeus Pater, the sky father. This deity can be found as Zeus and as Jupiter in Greece and Rome. It shows Hinduism's origins in Indo-European religion just like Greek mythology's origins there.
Another deity is Brahma (above), the male form of the neuter word Brahman. Brahma is the creator deity. One theory is that Brahman the ultimate reality was personified and deified by Hindus to make it into a Creator god, Brahma. The etymology of Brahman is to grow, expand, make strong, make firm.
Brahma, Vishnu (the maintainer), and Shiva (the destroyer) make up a Trinity in Hinduism called the Trimurti, reflecting three phases of the status of Creation. Each of the three Gods of Trimurti rules a different stage, in that order.
Another central deity is Vishvakarma.
Viśwákarma (
Sanskrit for "all-accomplishing, maker of all, all-doer") is personification of creation and the abstract form of the creator God according to the
Rigveda. He is the presiding
deity of all
Vishwakarma (caste), engineers,
artisans and
architects.
[1] He is believed to be the "Principal Architect of the Universe ", and the root concept of the later
Upanishadic figures of
Brahman and
Purusha.
Vishwakarma is visualized as
Ultimate reality (later developed as Brahman) in the
Rig Veda,
[2] from whose navel all visible things
Hiranyagarbha emanate.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vishvakarman
Purusha is the Cosmic man, who was sacrificed to make Creation as Prajapati, the Creator (or Pantocrator). Some Christian Indians see a mystical or visionary prophetic connection between the myth of Purusha Prajapati and the gospel of Jesus Christ, however there are major differences, such as the fact that in the myth Purusha Prajapati was sacrificed far before 26 AD or so in order to make creation occur.
This review leads to the question in bold above. Namely, (A) is the Abrahamic God a separate being from his creation, such that all that is physical (eg. the watery chaos) was made by God, while (B) the Hindu concept of God is a kind of pantheism whereby all that exists - including all physical matter - composes God directly and fully?