False. That's why you are unable to quote two sentence that contradict each other.
Tell me at what point in reading the following (which is the OP of the thread I started for people like you) that you become confused or don't understand:
In criminal law, a conspiracy is an agreement between two or more people to act in concert in order to accomplish an illegal purpose, or some purpose that is not in itself illegal but is to be accomplished by illegal means.
Pettibone v. United States(1893). A person need not commit the agreed-upon illegal act in order to be guilty of conspiracy, as the crime is consummated by the agreement. However, many statutes require that at least one person commit some overt act in furtherance of the plot. The agreement between two or more persons that constitutes a conspiracy can be proven by either direct evidence or inferred from circumstantial evidence (such as an overt act in furtherance of the plot).
The US Code contains dozens of statutes that criminalize various forms of conspiracies, including the general conspiracy statute 18 USC § 371, which outlaws conspiracy to commit any other federal crime. Charges and convictions for conspiracy are among the most common charges and convictions under federal law. Convictions under 21 USC § 846, which prohibits the illegal manufacturing, distribution, dispensing or possession of controlled substances, is the third most common federal conspiracy conviction, with approximately 5,000-10,000 convictions
as a lead charge in a given year (according to my rough extrapolation from monthly figures). Convictions under 18 USC § 371
as a lead charge generally total more than a thousand per year (according to my extrapolation), and total among the top ten most common type of conviction.
The assassination of Abraham Lincoln was the result of a conspiracy:
Occurring near the end of the American Civil War, the assassination was part of a larger conspiracy intended by Booth to revive the Confederate cause by eliminating the three most important officials of the United States government. Conspirators Lewis Powell and David Herold were assigned to kill Secretary of State William H. Seward, and George Atzerodt was tasked with killing Vice President Andrew Johnson. Beyond Lincoln's death the plot failed: Seward was only wounded and Johnson's would-be attacker lost his nerve.
The interception of and 23 stab wounds that killed Julius Caesar were part of a conspiracy:
On the Ides of March . . . of 44 BC, the conspirators staged a game of gladiatorial sport at Pompey's theatre. The gladiators were provided by Decimus Brutus in case their services were needed. They waited in the great hall of the theatre's quadriportico.[9] Mark Antony, having vaguely learned of the plot the night before from a terrified Liberator named Servilius Casca,[10] and fearing the worst, went to head Caesar off at the steps of the forum. However, the group of senators intercepted Caesar just as he was passing the Theatre of Pompey, located in the Campus Martius (now adjacent to the Largo di Torre Argentina), and directed him to a room adjoining the east portico of the Theatre of Pompey.[11]
According to Plutarch, as Caesar arrived at the Senate, Lucius Tillius Cimber presented him with a petition to recall his exiled brother.[12] The other conspirators crowded round to offer their support. Both Plutarch and Suetonius say that Caesar waved him away, but Cimber grabbed Caesar's shoulders and pulled down Caesar's toga. Caesar then cried to Cimber, "Why, this is violence!" ("Ista quidem vis est!").[13] At the same time, Casca produced his dagger and made a glancing thrust at the dictator's neck. Caesar turned around quickly and caught Casca by the arm. According to Plutarch, he said in Latin, "Casca, you villain, what are you doing?"[14] Casca, frightened, shouted "Help, brother!" in Greek ("ἄδελφε, βοηθεῖ", "adelphe, boethei"). Within moments, the entire group, including Brutus, were stabbing the dictator.
There is no other logical account for the confluence of acts described in these two assassinations except as the outcome of conspiracies. People do not act in such concerted and complex ways by accident.
Yet, according to the claims and suggestions of a noticeable portion of people (not only Americans), conspiracies just don't happen. “Conspiracy theories” are spoken of as theories that are inherently false. Either explicitly or implicitly, the phrase “conspiracy theory” is often used to mean something like “a crazy falsehood”. One can find the claim all over the internet, including on this board, that conspiracy theories about the events of 9/11 have been “debunked”--e.g.,
a 4 minute YouTube video uploaded in 2007 is entitled, “9/11 Conspiracy Theories Debunked,” and that's exactly what the video claims to do. So how the hell did a lone perpetrator crash four different jetliners into buildings and the ground, killing everyone on board, including the pilots? Talk about “crazy falsehoods”. Apparently among those claiming that “9/11 conspiracy theories have been debunked,” there is simply no consciousness of the fact that the official government story about the events of 9/11 is a conspiracy theory, where numerous people agreed to perform illegal acts, with most of the alleged plans apparently being accomplished that day. Zacarias Moussaoui was charged with and convicted of 6 counts of conspiracy in relation to the events of 9/11; as the Fourth Circuit recounted in reviewing his appeal, “In December 2001, Moussaoui was indicted for his participation in the conspiracies that led to the 9/11 attacks.”
United States v. Moussaoui, (4th Cir. 2010). It would be difficult to say something more idiotic than that 9/11 conspiracy theories have been debunked. Yet numerous people have said just that.
So what is the origin of people's flippy, erroneous ideas about conspiracies? There surely was and some motivation or reason (other than sheer ignorance) for employing an idea of “conspiracy” that is contrary to the concept in the law. What is or was that motivation or reason?
One can easily get the impression that the explanation goes something like this: People propose conspiracies for important national or world events that are not easily refuted but, if true, would destroy one's worldview (e.g., the conspiracy may imply that authorities were not truthful). So, as a way to psychologically deal with that dilemma or the uncomfortable facts, one portends that conspiracies don't happen and/or that “conspiracy theories” are inherently false. Does that sound about right?